Experiencing Sexual Assault and/or Stalking-Related Behavior is Associated with Binge Drinking and Substance Use Consequences in Deployed U.S. Servicewomen

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Cucciare ◽  
Michelle A. Mengeling ◽  
Xiaotong Han ◽  
Kristina Kennedy ◽  
James Torner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Binge Drinking

scholarly journals Risk Reduction for Substance Use and Trauma-Related Psychopathology in Adolescent Sexual Assault Victims: Findings From an Open Trial

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Kmett Danielson ◽  
Michael R. McCart ◽  
Michael A. de Arellano ◽  
Alexandra Macdonald ◽  
Lauren S. Doherty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Open Trial ◽  
Assault Victims

An adolescent with binge drinking

2021 ◽  
pp. 213-220
Author(s):  
Eun Kyung Ellen Kim ◽  
David L. Beckmann
Keyword(s):  
Parent Involvement ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Family Therapy ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Motivational Interviewing ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Treatment Medication ◽  
Problematic Alcohol Use ◽  
Risk Taking Behaviors

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) occurs in approximately 5% of adolescents. The diagnosis of AUD requires the presence of at least two signs or symptoms of problematic alcohol use. Adolescent AUD differs from adult AUD in several ways. Adolescents are more likely to engage in binge drinking rather than daily drinking. They are also less likely to experience tolerance or withdrawal and are more likely to engage in risk-taking behaviors related to substance use. All adolescents should be screened for alcohol and other substance use. A motivational interviewing approach should be used. Treatment includes individual and family therapy; parent involvement is an essential component of treatment. Medication options include naltrexone, acamprosate, and disulfiram.

Impaired and Incapacitated Rape Victims: Assault Characteristics and Post-Assault Experiences

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Littleton ◽  
Amie Grills-Taquechel ◽  
Danny Axsom
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Rape Victims ◽  
Self Blame ◽  
Problematic Alcohol ◽  
Assault Victims ◽  
Problematic Alcohol Use ◽  
Assault Characteristics

Alcohol is the most common “rape drug,” with up to two-thirds of victims consuming alcohol prior to the assault. Surprisingly, little research has examined the assault and postassault experiences of victims who were impaired or incapacitated as a result of substance use, including alcohol, during a rape. Thus, the current study evaluated the assault and postassault experiences of a sample of 340 nonimpaired, impaired, and incapacitated college rape victims. Results supported that these three groups differed in several assault characteristics, including threats by the assailant, resistance by the victim, and relationship with the assailant. In addition, impairment and incapacitation were associated with several postassault factors, including self-blame, stigma, and problematic alcohol use. Results also highlighted similarities in victims’ experiences, including levels of postassault distress. Implications of the findings for future research investigating impaired and incapacitated sexual assault victims are discussed.

Stealthing Perpetration and Victimization: Prevalence and Correlates Among Emerging Adults

2019 ◽  
pp. 088626051988851
Author(s):  
Erin E. Bonar ◽  
Quyen M. Ngo ◽  
Meredith L. Philyaw-Kotov ◽  
Maureen A. Walton ◽  
Yasamin Kusunoki
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Illegal Drug ◽  
White Race ◽  
Illegal Drug Use ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Hispanic White

“Stealthing” is a form of sexual violence wherein a sexual partner purposefully removes a condom during penetration without the receptive partner’s knowledge. Given the role of substance use in sexual violence broadly, we examined demographic and substance use correlates of stealthing perpetration (SP) and victimization (SV) among emerging adults. Participants comprised 2,550 18- to 25-year-olds ( M age = 20.8, SD = 2.3), recruited via social media (48% female; 53.9% non-Hispanic White; 46.0% had another racial/ethnic identity; 67.4% heterosexual; 85.3% had some college education). Unadjusted analyses ( t tests, χ2 analysis) and adjusted logistic regression analyses examined associations between demographics (age, education, race/ethnicity, sexual orientation) and substance use (binge drinking, marijuana use, other illegal drug use, and prescription drug misuse) with male SP and male and female SV. Five percent of males and 18.9% of females reported SV; 6.1% of males reported SP. In adjusted analyses, significant correlates of SP were: non-Hispanic White race/ethnicity (odds ratio [OR] = 0.39), binge drinking (OR = 1.39), cannabis use (OR = 1.37), and other drug use (OR = 1.43). Significant correlates of male SV were: non-Hispanic White race/ethnicity (OR = 0.28), non-heterosexual orientation (OR = 0.24), binge drinking (OR = 1.49), and other illegal drug use (OR = 1.79). Significant correlates of female SV were: older age (OR = 1.13), non-Hispanic White race/ethnicity (OR = 0.57), binge drinking (OR = 1.28), cannabis use (OR = 1.29), and other drug use (OR = 1.22). Consistent with literature linking alcohol to sexual violence, binge drinking correlated with both SV and SP, with other substance use also playing a role. Data are needed to explore these relationships using longitudinal, event-level assessments to investigate the influence of acute intoxication. Interventions to reduce sexually transmitted infections, unintended pregnancy, and sexual assault should include content on stealthing and substance use.

scholarly journals MP07: Rate of return: prevalence and correlates of revictimization among sexual and domestic assault cases presenting to the emergency department

CJEM ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (S1) ◽  
pp. S42-S42
Author(s):  
A. Drumm ◽  
K. Muldoon ◽  
F. Blaskovits ◽  
T. Leach ◽  
M. Heimerl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Care Program ◽  
Sexual Assaults ◽  
Domestic Assault ◽  
Ottawa Hospital ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Patients At Risk

Introduction: Many survivors of sexual and domestic assault return to violent environments following post-assault care. The objective of this study was to estimate the annual prevalence of revictimization and examine factors associated with return emergency department (ED) visits following their initial encounter for sexual or domestic assault. Methods: The Sexual Assault and Partner Abuse Care Program (SAPACP) at The Ottawa Hospital is the only program in Ottawa offering emergency and forensic care for survivors of sexual assault and domestic violence. Information on demographics, assailant characteristics and clinical presentation were extracted from the SAPACP case registry (January 1 2015- January 31 2016). We conducted descriptive analyses to describe the study sample, and bivariable and multivariable logistic regression modelling to assess factors most strongly associated with revictimization using odds ratios (OR), adjusted OR (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: Among 377 unique patients seen at the SAPACP, there were 409 encounters for sexual and domestic violence. There were 24 revictimization cases (6.4%) with the number of repeat visits ranging from 2-6. There were 343 (91.0%) female patients and 182 (48.3) under the age of 25. There were 243 (64.5%) sexual assaults, 125 (33.2%) physical assaults, and 42 (11.1%) verbal assaults. Compared to patients who presented once, revictimized patients were more likely to have experienced violence from a current or former intimate partner (AOR:3.02, 95% CI:1.24-7.34), have a substance use disorder (AOR:5.57, 95% CI:2.11-14.68), and were more likely to be taking anti-depressants (AOR:3.34, 95% CI:1.39-8.01). Conclusion: This study has identified a high prevalence of revictimization, with some clients being revictimized as many as 6 subsequent times. Key factors to help identify patients at risk of revictimization are assaults by intimate partners, having substance use problems, and being on antidepressants. Reducing revictimization and preventing further violence is a critical component of care to ensure survivors are safe following their ED encounter.

scholarly journals Substance use, affective symptoms, and suicidal ideation among Russian, Somali, and Kurdish migrants in Finland

2020 ◽  
pp. 136346152090602
Author(s):  
Essi Salama ◽  
Anu E. Castaneda ◽  
Jaana Suvisaari ◽  
Shadia Rask ◽  
Tiina Laatikainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
General Population ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Migrant Health ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Daily Smoking ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Affective Symptoms

Comorbidity of substance use with affective symptoms and suicidality has been well documented in the general population. However, population-based migrant studies about this association are scarce. We examined the association of affective symptoms and suicidal ideation with binge drinking, daily smoking, and lifetime cannabis use among Russian, Somali, and Kurdish migrants in comparison with the Finnish general population. Cross-sectional data from the Finnish Migrant Health and Wellbeing Study (Maamu, n = 1307) and comparison group data of the general Finnish population ( n = 860) from the Health 2011 Survey were used. Substance use included self-reported current binge drinking, daily smoking, and lifetime cannabis use. Affective symptoms and suicidal ideation were measured using the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (HSCL-25). We performed multivariate logistic regression analyses, including age, gender, and additional socio-demographic and migration-related factors. Suicidal ideation (OR 2.4 95% CI 1.3–4.3) was associated with binge drinking among Kurds and lifetime cannabis use among Russians (OR 5.6, 95% CI 1.9–17.0) and Kurds (OR 5.5, 95% CI 1.9–15.6). Affective symptoms were associated with daily smoking (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.02–2.6) and lifetime cannabis use (OR 6.1, 95% CI 2.6–14.5) among Kurdish migrants. Our results draw attention to the co-occurrence of suicidal ideation, affective symptoms, and substance use, especially among Kurdish migrants. These results highlight the variation of comorbidity of substance use and affective symptoms between the different populations. This implies that screening for substance use in mental healthcare cannot be neglected based on presumed habits of substance use.

scholarly journals Substance Use During Sexual and Physical Assault in HIV-Infected Persons

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia H. Chuang ◽  
Jane M. Liebschutz ◽  
Debbie M. Cheng ◽  
Anita Raj ◽  
Jeffrey H. Samet
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Physical Assault ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort ◽  
Adjusted Analysis ◽  
Sexually Assaulted

Data from the HIV-Alcohol Longitudinal Cohort was used to determine the prevalence of substance use by victims and assailants during physical and sexual assault against HIV-infected persons and whether these findings differed by gender. Of the sexually assaulted participants, 31% of victims and 70% of assailant(s) had used drugs/alcohol during sexual assault. Compared with men, women had higher odds of substance use during sexual assault (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.6 to 8.7) and of substance use by their assailant(s) during sexual assault (adjusted OR 5.9, 95% CI 1.7 to 20.6) in adjusted analysis. Of the physically assaulted participants, 66% of victims and 85% of assailants used drugs/alcohol during physical assault; these results did not differ by gender.

scholarly journals Burnout and Substance Use in Collegiate Athletic Trainers

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 744-751
Author(s):  
Leslie W. Oglesby ◽  
Andrew R. Gallucci ◽  
Christopher J. Wynveen ◽  
Kelly R. Ylitalo ◽  
Nicholas F. Benson
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Athletic Trainers ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Personal Accomplishment ◽  
Heavy Episodic Drinking ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Care Providers

Context The Smith Cognitive-Affective Model of Athletic Burnout suggests that athletic trainers (ATs) suffering from burnout may engage in substance use as a coping behavior. Increases in self-reported burnout symptoms are often associated with increases in heavy episodic drinking and tobacco use among various health care providers. However, this relationship has not been examined thoroughly. Objective To investigate the prevalence of substance use in ATs and identify relationships between symptoms of burnout and substance use among ATs. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Web-based survey. Patients or Other Participants A total of 783 certified ATs working full time in the collegiate or university setting were sampled for this study. Graduate assistant and other part-time ATs were excluded. The survey was distributed via the National Athletic Trainers' Association membership directory e-mail broadcast service. Main Outcome Measure(s) A 100-item online questionnaire consisting of items from previously used scales was used for this study. The survey included the Maslach Burnout Inventory and questions on substance use from the Monitoring the Future study. Multiple regression analyses were performed to analyze the survey data. All independent (Maslach Burnout Inventory subscales) and dependent (use of alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana) variables were mapped to the Smith Cognitive-Affective Model of Athletic Burnout to determine which dimensions of burnout altered the odds of self-reported substance use. Results Almost half (46.3%) of participants admitted to at least 1 binge-drinking episode. However, the use of cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, marijuana, and energy drinks during the previous month was less pronounced in the sample. Emotional exhaustion (B = 0.008, P = .023) and personal accomplishment (B = −0.016, P = .02) were significantly correlated with binge drinking. Emotional exhaustion (Exp[B] = 1.017, P < .001) was also significantly positively correlated with energy-drink consumption. Conclusions Some ATs engaged in heavy episodic drinking. Emotional exhaustion and a decreased sense of personal accomplishment were significantly correlated with this behavior.

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