Prediction of High-Grade Pediatric Meningiomas: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features Based on T1-Weighted, T2-Weighted, and Contrast-Enhanced T1-Weighted Images

2016 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 89-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Li ◽  
Meng Zhao ◽  
Yuming Jiao ◽  
Peicong Ge ◽  
Zhicen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Pediatric Meningiomas

Use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Assess Blood-Brain/Blood-Glioma Barrier Opening During Conformal Radiotherapy

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (18) ◽  
pp. 4127-4136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Cao ◽  
Christina I. Tsien ◽  
Zhou Shen ◽  
Daniel S. Tatro ◽  
Randall Ten Haken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Conformal Radiotherapy ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Tumor Region ◽  
Region Contrast ◽  
High Grade Gliomas

Purpose For chemotherapy to act synergistically and safely with radiation against high-grade gliomas, drugs must pass the endothelial junctions of the blood-tumor barrier (BTB) to reach all tumor cells, and should not pass the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to cause toxicity to normal brain. The objective of this study was to assess BBB/BTB status using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) during a course of radiotherapy of high-grade gliomas. Patients and Methods Sixteen patients with grade 3 or 4 supratentorial malignant glioma receiving conformal radiotherapy (RT) underwent contrast-enhanced MRI before, during, and after completion of RT. A gadolinium diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA) uptake index was analyzed with respect to the tumor and RT dose received. Results In the nonenhanced tumor region, contrast uptake increased significantly after the receipt of approximately 10 Gy (P < .01), and reached a maximum after the receipt of approximately 30 Gy. In the initially contrast-enhanced tumor region, contrast uptake decreased over the course of RT and became significant after completion of RT in patients without progressive disease. The healthy brain showed only nonsignificant changes during and after irradiation. Conclusion Contrast MRI reveals increases in Gd-DTPA uptake in the initially nonenhanced tumor region but not in the remaining brain during the course of RT, suggesting opening of the BTB. This finding suggests that the effect of conformal radiation is more selective on the BTB than the BBB, and there may be a window extending from 1 week after the initiation of radiotherapy to 1 month after the completion of treatment during which a pharmaceutical agent has maximum access to high-grade gliomas.

scholarly journals Macrovascular Networks on Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging Improves Survival Prediction in Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josep Puig ◽  
Carles Biarnés ◽  
Pepus Daunis-i-Estadella ◽  
Gerard Blasco ◽  
Alfredo Gimeno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Survival Prediction ◽  
Dynamic Susceptibility ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma

A higher degree of angiogenesis is associated with shortened survival in glioblastoma. Feasible morphometric parameters for analyzing vascular networks in brain tumors in clinical practice are lacking. We investigated whether the macrovascular network classified by the number of vessel-like structures (nVS) visible on three-dimensional T1-weighted contrast–enhanced (3D-T1CE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could improve survival prediction models for newly diagnosed glioblastoma based on clinical and other imaging features. Ninety-seven consecutive patients (62 men; mean age, 58 ± 15 years) with histologically proven glioblastoma underwent 1.5T-MRI, including anatomical, diffusion-weighted, dynamic susceptibility contrast perfusion, and 3D-T1CE sequences after 0.1 mmol/kg gadobutrol. We assessed nVS related to the tumor on 1-mm isovoxel 3D-T1CE images, and relative cerebral blood volume, relative cerebral flow volume (rCBF), delay mean time, and apparent diffusion coefficient in volumes of interest for contrast-enhancing lesion (CEL), non-CEL, and contralateral normal-appearing white matter. We also assessed Visually Accessible Rembrandt Images scoring system features. We used ROC curves to determine the cutoff for nVS and univariate and multivariate cox proportional hazards regression for overall survival. Prognostic factors were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier survival and ROC analyses. Lesions with nVS > 5 were classified as having highly developed macrovascular network; 58 (60.4%) tumors had highly developed macrovascular network. Patients with highly developed macrovascular network were older, had higher volumeCEL, increased rCBFCEL, and poor survival; nVS correlated negatively with survival (r = −0.286; p = 0.008). On multivariate analysis, standard treatment, age at diagnosis, and macrovascular network best predicted survival at 1 year (AUC 0.901, 83.3% sensitivity, 93.3% specificity, 96.2% PPV, 73.7% NPV). Contrast-enhanced MRI macrovascular network improves survival prediction in newly diagnosed glioblastoma.

Multiparametric ultrasound imaging characteristics of multiple testicular adrenal rest tumours in congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Ultrasound ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1742271X2198908
Author(s):  
Nina M Mansoor ◽  
Dean Y Huang ◽  
Paul S Sidhu
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Colour Doppler ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Adrenal Rest

Introduction Testicular adrenal rest cell tumours (TART) are rare benign adrenocorticotropic hormone-dependent testicular tumours, which can develop in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia. If left untreated, they can cause testicular tissue damage and infertility. Ultrasound is the imaging modality of choice allowing for non-invasive diagnosis provided that characteristic features are seen. In recent times, magnetic resonance imaging characteristics have also been described to aid diagnosis. Case Report This case describes the imaging features of multiple bilateral TART in a young patient with congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Traditional greyscale and colour Doppler ultrasound demonstrated intratesticular, predominantly hypoechoic areas, with increased surrounding colour Doppler flow. In addition, contrast-enhanced ultrasound and strain elastography were performed, showing increased TART vascularisation and increased stiffness in the hypoechoic areas. Subsequent magnetic resonance imaging confirmed bilateral lobulated, well demarcated, intratesticular lesions, which appeared predominantly isointense on T1-weighted imaging, hypointense on T2-weighted imaging, with heterogeneous enhancement following gadolinium administration. Discussion This case illustrates the sonographic features including greyscale, colour Doppler, contrast and elastography ultrasound of TART in a patient with congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Both contrast-enhanced ultrasound and elastography can provide information about tissue properties not normally derived from conventional ultrasound and aid accurate diagnosis. Additional magnetic resonance imaging is not normally required with typical ultrasound appearances. The unusual findings seen on the ultrasound examination were likely secondary to poor compliance with treatment. Conclusion Familiarity and recognition of characteristic and uncommon imaging features of these tumours are important to avoid misdiagnosis and surgical intervention.

scholarly journals Magnetic Resonance Imaging features of breasts in patients

1970 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahnaz Choudhury ◽  
Ichiro Isomoto ◽  
Kuniaki Hyashi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Nipple Discharge ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Histopathological Correlation ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Highly Sensitive

A retrospective study was conducted to demonstrate the potential role of dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCEMRI) in the detection of breast lesions in 15 patients with nipple discharge. The DCEMRI findings were compared and correlated with the findings of ultrasonography and mammography. The results revealed that the character of the nipple discharge was mostly bloody and in few cases were serous. The imaging findings revealed that DCEMRI is highly sensitive and specific in the detection of breast canner and the histopathological correlation in such detection was highly significant (p<0.001) as compared to ultrasonography and mammography finding.Keywords: Magnetic Resonance Imaging; BreastDOI: 10.3329/bmrcb.v34i2.1174Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2008; 34: 44-47

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features of Pilocytic Astrocytoma of the Brain Mimicking High-Grade Gliomas

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashok J. Kumar ◽  
Norman E. Leeds ◽  
Vinodh A. Kumar ◽  
Gregory N. Fuller ◽  
Frederick F. Lang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Pilocytic Astrocytoma ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
High Grade Gliomas ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Advanced Imaging Analysis in Prostate MRI: Building a Radiomic Signature to Predict Tumor Aggressiveness

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 594
Author(s):  
Anna Damascelli ◽  
Francesca Gallivanone ◽  
Giulia Cristel ◽  
Claudia Cava ◽  
Matteo Interlenghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Imaging Biomarkers ◽  
Gleason Grade ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Grade Group ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Radiomics allows the extraction quantitative features from imaging, as imaging biomarkers of disease. The objective of this exploratory study is to implement a reproducible radiomic-pipeline for the extraction of a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signature for prostate cancer (PCa) aggressiveness. One hundred and two consecutive patients performing preoperative prostate multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and radical prostatectomy were enrolled. Multiparametric images, including T2-weighted (T2w), diffusion-weighted and dynamic contrast-enhanced images, were acquired at 1.5 T. Ninety-three imaging features (Ifs) were extracted from segmentation of index lesion. Ifs were ranked based on a stability rank and redundant Ifs were excluded. Using unsupervised hierarchical clustering, patients were grouped on the basis of similar radiomic patterns, whose association with Gleason Grade Group (GGG), extracapsular extension (ECE), and nodal involvement (pN) was tested. Signatures composed by IFs from T2w-images and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) maps were tested for the prediction of GGG, ECE, and pN. T2w radiomic pattern was associated with pN, ECE, and GGG (p = 0.027, 0.05, 0.03) and ADC radiomic pattern was associated with GGG (p = 0.004). The best performance was reached by the signature combing IFs from multiparametric images (0.88, 0.89, and 0.84 accuracy for GGG, pN, and ECE). A reliable multiparametric MRI radiomic signature was extracted, potentially able to predict PCa aggressiveness, to be further validated on an independent sample.

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