Growth of the Urban Shadow, Spatial Distribution of Economic Activities, and Commuting by Workers in Rural and Urban India

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 154-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay Sharma ◽  
S. Chandrasekhar
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Urban India

scholarly journals Changing Patterns of Female Work Participation in Rural and Urban India

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
UMA .
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Living Condition ◽  
Work Participation ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Urban India ◽  
Female Work Participation

Female are an integral part of the overall development of any economy. Their contribution remained immense in different stages of economic development. The contribution which they make is measured only when they are actively participating in economic activities. In India, the greatest problem that the country is experiencing is that female is either exiting from the work or shifting to the newer areas of work. The basic reason is that they want to be engaged in paid jobs. After the period of economic reform inclination of female towards the paid job is faster than the earlier period. This preference is not only in urban areas but in rural areas as well. The main purpose is to improve the living standard of not only of self but enhance the overall family income to have the better living condition. Today’s women are busy exploring new areas of work. They are trying to improve their qualification and working hard towards skilling themselves. But in the midst of all these efforts from their side, there are many constraints which are proving as a hurdle in their work participation. These bottlenecks need to be removed to provide them with better opportunities so that they can enhance their abilities to adapt themselves with the changes in the internal as well as external environment. The status of women in India has been subject to many great changes over the past few decades. The objective of my paper is: to know the pattern of female work participation in rural and urban India; to examine the areas from where they are exiting; to know the areas where they are shifting; what needs to be done to stop their exit from the work and how to provide them with work preferences so that their potentialities can be utilized for the overall growth and development of the economy.

Understanding electricity billing preferences in rural and urban India: Evidence from a conjoint experiment

2021 ◽  
pp. 105735
Author(s):  
Jason Chun Yu Wong ◽  
Brian Blankenship ◽  
Johannes Urpelainen ◽  
Kanika Balani ◽  
Karthik Ganesan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Urban India ◽  
Conjoint Experiment

scholarly journals Schools at the Rural-Urban Boundary: Blurring the Divide?

2017 ◽  
Vol 672 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Burdick-Will ◽  
John R. Logan
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Educational Opportunity ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Educational Inequality ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Public Elementary Schools ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Commuting Patterns

Schools often mirror the communities in which they are located. Research on rural-urban school inequality tends to focus on the contrast among urban, suburban, and rural schools, glossing over the variation and similarities within these areas. We provide a richer description of the spatial distribution of educational inequality by examining school composition, achievement, and resources in all U.S. public elementary schools in 2010–2011. We take the traditional census categories derived from residential and commuting patterns, and apply them to schools across the country in analyses that reveal gradual transitions and blurry boundaries among the traditional zones. The results show high levels of variation within the suburbs and substantial commonality between rural and urban areas and suggest that census-defined metropolitan areas are not ideal when considering the geography of educational opportunity.

scholarly journals The prevalence and risk factors for cataract in rural and urban India

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajiv Raman ◽  
Sumeer Singh ◽  
Shahina Pardhan ◽  
Vaitheeswaran Kulothungan ◽  
Gayathri Swaminathan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Urban India

scholarly journals Keterkaitan Efisiensi Kredit Usaha Rakyat (KUR) dengan Topografi Wilayah di Kabupaten Pati, Provinsi Jawa Tengah

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-130
Author(s):  
Farida Farida ◽  
Nur Wahyuni ◽  
Ida Zulfida
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Exogenous Factors ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

Exogenous factors such as topography of the region are often overlooked in determining the pattern of economic activity. In fact, the geographical surface contributes to the spatial distribution of varied economic activities. The purpose of this study was to see the linkage between the efficiency of the disbursement of People’s Business Credit (KUR) program and the topography of the region in Pati Regency-Central Java. The research method is descriptive qualitative by overlaying the efficiency level of 35 KUR channeling banks with polygon maps of each subdistrict in Pati regency. Data on the efficiency level of unit banks are secondary data of each bank unit which has been calculated with Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) application. Is it dicovered that unit banks are very inefficient at topographies bordered with arid limestone mountains or along rivers that often overflows. As a result, economic activity is not optimal and the disbursement of KUR is not efficient at the area. On the contrary, at topographies in the lowlands, the trade, agriculture, and fisheries sectors are advanced, population is large,  economic activities are fast, thus encourage efficient credit disbursement.

Perceptions of benefits and barriers to Yoga practice across rural and urban India: Implications for workplace Yoga

Work ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 721-732
Author(s):  
Amit Mishra ◽  
Shreyas A. Chawathey ◽  
Priya Mehra ◽  
R. Nagarathna ◽  
Akshay Anand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yoga Practice ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Urban India

scholarly journals What Can Be Learned from Spatial Economics?

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stef Proost ◽  
Jacques-François Thisse
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Spatial Economics ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Centrifugal Forces ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Distribution Of Wealth ◽  
Urban Level ◽  
Centripetal Forces

Spatial economics aims to explain why there are peaks and troughs in the spatial distribution of wealth and people, from the international and regional to the urban and local. The main task is to identify the microeconomic underpinnings of centripetal forces, which lead to the concentration of economic activities, and centrifugal forces, which bring about the dispersion of economic activities at the regional and urban levels. Transportation matters at both scales, but in a different way. The emphasis is on the interregional flows of goods and passenger trips at the regional level and on individual commuting at the urban level. ( JEL F12, L13, R12, R23, R30, R40)

scholarly journals Green Economy for Sustainable Development in Nepal: Role of Forestry Sector

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 96-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhav Karki
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Poor Country ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Rural And Urban

Although there is no unified view among the policy makers and development experts on what represents and drives a Green Economy and there is also no clarity on what it means for the mountain countries like Nepal, the concept is however, very pertinent in the context of rapid climate change and unsustainable development. There is a general agreement that green economy provides opportunities for developing and forest rich country like Nepal as the fossil fuel-based and import oriented consumerism based economy cannot be successful today and in future. It is likely that green economy could be a good vehicle to reach sustainable mountain development (SMD). However, there is a need to develop specific and strategies and action plans to implement green and low-carbon economic activities. First and foremost, there is a need to develop a national policy and to use green economy to achieve poverty reduction and sustainable development. The economic growth rate has to be sustained while reducing poverty through sound development plans and programmes actively participated and managed by poor and enterprising rural and urban communities and supported by government, non-government and donor agencies. There are numerous challenges in adapting and adopting Green Economy policies in a poor country like Nepal. Capacity and skill development, technology adaptation, transfer, and retrofitting to suit Nepal’s hilly and mountainous terrains, need for huge investment in processing and value addition, and of course adapting to and mitigating against climate change are some of the major challenges. Notwithstanding these constraints, green economic policies and programmes can be means to achieve sustainable development in the mountainous region. There is need to document good case studies for drawing lessons so that future green growth pathway can be charted in a flawless manner and scaling up of the success to create bigger impacts can be achieved. Finally, effective and outcome oriented implementation will require multi-disciplinary planning, interdisciplinary implementation, and effective and participatory monitoring and evaluation. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/init.v5i0.10259   The Initiation 2013 Vol.5; 96-109

Spatial analysis of the distribution and determinants of bank branch presence in Ghana

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Ansong ◽  
Gina Chowa ◽  
Bernice Korkor Adjabeng
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Bank Branch ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bank Branches ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Spatial Analyst ◽  
Branch Banking

Purpose – Expanding access to financial services for the 70 percent of Ghanaians who are unbanked is critical. Bank branches have been the primary channel for financial service delivery, but this may be changing because of technological innovations. Analysts believe branch-based banking still has a role in promoting financial inclusion. The purpose of this paper is to examine the pattern of bank branch presence across rural and urban Ghana; the disparities in the spatial distribution of domestic, foreign, and rural and community bank branches; and the district level characteristics associated with the pattern of spatial distribution of bank branches. Design/methodology/approach – The study uses spatial analyst tools, geographically weighted Poisson regression, and data from Ghana’s banking sector to show the inequality in availability of branch-based services and to highlight the district and regional level differences in the determinants of branch allocation. Findings – The study finds evidence of inequality in access to financial services. Physical bank branches are disproportionately more accessible in the urban south compared to the rural north. The study also finds that population size, percentage of urban residents, workforce size, and literacy level are associated with bank allocation but the results vary by district. Practical implications – Branch banking needs modernization to continue to bring financial services in closer proximity. Development of physical and electronic infrastructure could attract financial institutions to serve deprived areas with significant concentration of unbanked populations. Originality/value – Findings of the study point to the need for banks to re-envision branch banking technology to make branch banking more interactive. Banks need to find ways to fuse transferable elements of mobile phone banking into branch-based banking, not just to attract younger technology-savvy customers but also to help make operations more attractive, efficient, and cost effective.

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