Twisted gastrulation (Twsg1) is critical for the morphogenesis of the medial region of the mandibular arch

Background: Retention is an integral phase in which teeth are maintained in their newly adapted position for which retainers are inserted. Retainers are generally of two types: removable and fixed. Fixed retainers are indicated in the mandibular arch for an indefinite period specifically in the non-extraction cases. Changes in intercanine and intermolar widths are valuable parameters to evaluate the stability. The objectives of this study were to assess and compare the mandibular intercanine and intermolar width changes following orthodontic treatment after insertion of two types of fixed lingual retainers for one year. Methods: Total 54 subjects were recruited in which two types of fixed lingual retainers were inserted in the mandibular arch randomly. Intercanine and intermolar arch widths were measured by digital caliper of 0.01 mm accuracy. Data was analyzed by using Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS V-21). Chi-square and independent t tests were used to compare baseline characteristics. Intercanine and intermolar widths were assessed and compared using independent t test, p-value ≤ 0.05 is considered as statistically significant. Results: Intercanine width increased from baseline to T4 in both retainers. When mean differences of intercanine width were compared between two retainers significant differences were observed at T1, T2, T3 and T4 with significant p-values (< 0.05) and increased intercanine width with multistranded stainless steel wire (MSW) retainers. Conclusion: Mandibular intercanine width increases significantly in post retention phase with multistranded stainless steel retainers. Thus, fiber reinforced composite retainers are more effective in preserving the arch width changes.

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Twisted Gastrulation as a BMP Modulator during Mammary Gland Development and Tumorigenesis

10.21236/ada610794 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Cynthia Forsman-Earl

Keyword(s):

Mammary Gland ◽

Mammary Gland Development ◽

Twisted Gastrulation ◽

Gland Development

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Molecular signaling at the fusion stage of the mouse mandibular arch: involvement of insulin-like growth factor family

The International Journal of Developmental Biology ◽

10.1387/ijdb.120110ys ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 57 (5) ◽

pp. 399-406 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Kazuya Fujita ◽

Yuji Taya ◽

Yoshihito Shimazu ◽

Takaaki Aoba ◽

Yuuichi Soeno

Keyword(s):

Growth Factor ◽

Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽

Molecular Signaling ◽

Mandibular Arch

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Accuracy of intraoral scan images in full arch with orthodontic brackets: a retrospective in vivo study

Clinical Oral Investigations ◽

10.1007/s00784-021-03792-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Young-Kyun Kim ◽

So-Hyun Kim ◽

Tae-Hyun Choi ◽

Edwin H. Yen ◽

Bingshuang Zou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Orthodontic Brackets ◽

Digital Impression ◽

Orthodontic Bracket ◽

Average Surface ◽

Mandibular Arch ◽

Surface Errors ◽

Digital Impressions ◽

Surface Deviations ◽

Orthodontic Patients

Abstract Objectives The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the accuracy of intraoral scan (IOS) images in the maxillary and mandibular arches with orthodontic brackets. Material and methods From digital impressions of 140 patients who underwent orthodontic treatment, consecutive IOS images were selected based on standardized inclusion criteria: Two pre-orthodontic IOS images (IOS1 and IOS2) of permanent dentition with fully erupted second molars and IOS images obtained immediately after orthodontic bracket bonding (IOSb). Superimpositions were performed to evaluate the reproducibility of repeated IOS images. Accuracy of IOSb images was analyzed by comparing the average surface errors between IOS1c and IOS2c images, which were IOS images cut based on the same region of the interest as between IOS1 and IOSb images. Results A total of 84 IOS images was analyzed. The average surface errors between IOS1 and IOS2 images were 57 ± 8 μm and 59 ± 14 μm in the maxillary and mandibular arch, respectively, and their reliability was almost perfect. The average errors between IOSb and IOS1c images exhibited an increase, which measured 97 ± 28 μm in the maxillary arch and 95 ± 29 μm in the mandibular arch. These surface deviations between IOSb and IOS1c images were significantly larger in each region as well as entire dentition (P < 0.001) compared to those between IOS1c and IOS2c images. Conclusions The average surface errors of the scans with brackets showed increased values compared with those without brackets. This suggests that orthodontic brackets could affect the trueness of intraoral scan images. Clinical relevance It is necessary for clinicians to consider the effect of brackets on digital impression when using IOS images in orthodontic patients.

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Conserved and unique transcriptional features of pharyngeal arches in the skate (Leucoraja erinacea) and evolution of the jaw

Molecular Biology and Evolution ◽

10.1093/molbev/msab123 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Christine Hirschberger ◽

Victoria A Sleight ◽

Katharine E Criswell ◽

Stephen J Clark ◽

J Andrew Gillis

Keyword(s):

Evolutionary Biology ◽

Gill Arch ◽

Dorsoventral Patterning ◽

Pharyngeal Arches ◽

Mandibular Arch ◽

Serial Homology ◽

Expression Of Genes ◽

Developmental Patterning ◽

Genes Encoding ◽

Differential Gene

Abstract The origin of the jaw is a long-standing problem in vertebrate evolutionary biology. Classical hypotheses of serial homology propose that the upper and lower jaw evolved through modifications of dorsal and ventral gill arch skeletal elements, respectively. If the jaw and gill arches are derived members of a primitive branchial series, we predict that they would share common developmental patterning mechanisms. Using candidate and RNAseq/differential gene expression analyses, we find broad conservation of dorsoventral patterning mechanisms within the developing mandibular, hyoid and gill arches of a cartilaginous fish, the skate (Leucoraja erinacea). Shared features include expression of genes encoding members of the ventralising BMP and endothelin signalling pathways and their effectors, the joint markers nkx3.2 and gdf5 and pro-chondrogenic transcription factor barx1, and the dorsal territory marker pou3f3. Additionally, we find that mesenchymal expression of eya1/six1 is an ancestral feature of the mandibular arch of jawed vertebrates, while differences in notch signalling distinguish the mandibular and gill arches in skate. Comparative transcriptomic analyses of mandibular and gill arch tissues reveal additional genes differentially expressed along the dorsoventral axis of the pharyngeal arches, including scamp5 as a novel marker of the dorsal mandibular arch, as well as distinct transcriptional features of mandibular and gill arch muscle progenitors and developing gill buds. Taken together, our findings reveal conserved patterning mechanisms in the pharyngeal arches of jawed vertebrates, consistent with serial homology of their skeletal derivatives, as well as unique transcriptional features that may underpin distinct jaw and gill arch morphologies.

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Strain gages measure mandibular-arch movements

Experimental Mechanics ◽

10.1007/bf02320000 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 27N-27N

Author(s):

James G. Burch

Keyword(s):

Strain Gages ◽

Mandibular Arch

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Microsurgery of the Temporo-Medial Region

Journal of Epilepsy ◽

10.1016/0896-6974(90)90051-y ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 225

Author(s):

Allen R. Wyler

Keyword(s):

Medial Region

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In Vivo Tibial Cartilage Strains in Regions of Cartilage-to-Cartilage Contact and Cartilage-to-Meniscus Contact in Response to Walking

The American Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/0363546517712506 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 45 (12) ◽

pp. 2817-2823 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Betty Liu ◽

Nimit K. Lad ◽

Amber T. Collins ◽

Pramodh K. Ganapathy ◽

Gangadhar M. Utturkar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strain ◽

Lateral Compartment ◽

Cartilage Thickness ◽

Lateral Strain ◽

Medial Region ◽

Tibial Cartilage ◽

Before And After ◽

Baseline Information ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Background: There are currently limited human in vivo data characterizing the role of the meniscus in load distribution within the tibiofemoral joint. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose was to compare the strains experienced in regions of articular cartilage covered by the meniscus to regions of cartilage not covered by the meniscus. It was hypothesized that in response to walking, tibial cartilage covered by the meniscus would experience lower strains than uncovered tibial cartilage. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the knees of 8 healthy volunteers was performed before and after walking on a treadmill. Using MRI-generated 3-dimensional models of the tibia, cartilage, and menisci, cartilage thickness was measured in 4 different regions based on meniscal coverage and compartment: covered medial, uncovered medial, covered lateral, and uncovered lateral. Strain was defined as the normalized change in cartilage thickness before and after activity. Results: Within each compartment, covered cartilage before activity was significantly thinner than uncovered cartilage before activity ( P < .001). After 20 minutes of walking, all 4 regions experienced significant cartilage thickness decreases ( P < .01). The covered medial region experienced significantly less strain than the uncovered medial region ( P = .04). No difference in strain was detected between the covered and uncovered regions in the lateral compartment ( P = .40). Conclusion: In response to walking, cartilage that is covered by the meniscus experiences lower strains than uncovered cartilage in the medial compartment. These findings provide important baseline information on the relationship between in vivo tibial compressive strain responses and meniscal coverage, which is critical to understanding normal meniscal function.

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Comparison of mandibular arch changes during alignment and leveling with 2 preadjusted edgewise appliances

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics ◽

10.1016/j.ajodo.2007.08.030 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 136 (3) ◽

pp. 340-347 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Padhraig S. Fleming ◽

Andrew T. DiBiase ◽

Grammati Sarri ◽

Robert T. Lee

Keyword(s):

Mandibular Arch

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