Low shear stress induces M1 macrophage polarization in murine thin-cap atherosclerotic plaques

It is generally accepted that early atherosclerosis develops in low shear-stress (SS) regions such as the outer wall of arterial bifurcations and the inner bend of curved vessels (1). However, in clinical practice, it is common to observe atherosclerotic plaques at the flow-divider, or carina, of coronary bifurcations (2). Plaques at the carina are more frequently found in symptomatic patients, and may represent a more advanced stage of atherosclerosis. The carina is located in a region which is exposed to high SS. We hypothesize that if plaques are located in atheroprotective high SS regions, they have grown circumferentially from the atherogenic low SS regions.

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Arginase inhibition prevents the low shear stress-induced development of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques in ApoE−/− mice

Atherosclerosis ◽

10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2012.12.014 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 227 (2) ◽

pp. 236-243 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Vania C. Olivon ◽

Rodrigo A. Fraga-Silva ◽

Dolf Segers ◽

Céline Demougeot ◽

Ana M. de Oliveira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Shear Stress ◽

Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽

Low Shear Stress ◽

Low Shear

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Shear Stress Modulates Plaque Composition in Human Coronary Arteries In Vivo

ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference, Parts A and B ◽

10.1115/sbc2008-192764 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

Frank Gijsen ◽

Jolanda Wentzel ◽

Johan Schuurbiers ◽

Frits Mastik ◽

Johannes Schaar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Shear Stress ◽

Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽

Plaque Composition ◽

Low Shear Stress ◽

Advanced Stages ◽

Shear Stress And Strain ◽

Stress Influences ◽

The Relationship ◽

Low Shear

It is well established that atherosclerotic plaques generally develop in low shear stress regions, including curved arterial segments and bifurcations1. Once these plaques intrude into the lumen, the shear stress they are exposed to alters with hitherto unknown consequences. We hypothesize that in the more advanced stages of the disease, shear stress has an important impact on plaque composition in such a way that high shear stress enhances plaque vulnerability through its biological impact on the endothelium2. We investigated this hypothesis previously by studying the relationship between shear stress and strain, a marker for plaque composition, in human coronary arteries3. In this study, we will extend that study by investigating how shear stress influences changes of strain, and thus plaque composition, over a period of 6 months.

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Numerical Simulation of Blood Flow in the Renal Arteries: Influence of the Ostium Flow Diverter

Volume 1B: Extremity; Fluid Mechanics; Gait; Growth, Remodeling, and Repair; Heart Valves; Injury Biomechanics; Mechanotransduction and Sub-Cellular Biophysics; MultiScale Biotransport; Muscle, Tendon and Ligament; Musculoskeletal Devices; Multiscale Mechanics; Thermal Medicine; Ocular Biomechanics; Pediatric Hemodynamics; Pericellular Phenomena; Tissue Mechanics; Biotransport Design and Devices; Spine; Stent Device Hemodynamics; Vascular Solid Mechanics; Student Paper and Design Competitions ◽

10.1115/sbc2013-14250 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Scott Albert ◽

Jenn Stroud Rossmann ◽

Robert Balaban

Keyword(s):

Shear Stress ◽

Vessel Wall ◽

Flow Diverter ◽

Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽

Residence Times ◽

Branch Points ◽

Tissue Microenvironment ◽

Low Shear Stress ◽

Arterial Branch ◽

Low Shear

The tendency of atherosclerotic plaques to develop at arterial branch points is likely due to both the hemodynamics and macromolecular environment associated with these branch points. Arterial branches experience flow separation, which results in regions of low shear stress[1–3], and contributes to longer residence times that may allow for deposition of pro-atherogenic material in the vessel wall [2]. In addition, low shear stress itself may provide cellular signals that alter the tissue microenvironment in favor of atherogenesis [3, e.g.].

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Strain Distribution Over Plaques in Human Coronary Arteries Relates to Shear Stress

ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference ◽

10.1115/sbc2007-176313 ◽

2007 ◽

Author(s):

Frank J. H. Gijsen ◽

Jolanda J. Wentzel ◽

Johan C. H. Schuurbiers ◽

Antonius F. W. van der Steen ◽

Patrick W. Serruys

Keyword(s):

Shear Stress ◽

Coronary Arteries ◽

Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽

Plaque Composition ◽

Biological Impact ◽

Low Shear Stress ◽

Advanced Stages ◽

Shear Stress And Strain ◽

The Relationship ◽

Low Shear

It is well established that atherosclerotic plaques generally develop in low shear stress regions, including curved arterial segments and bifurcations. Once these plaques intrude into the lumen, the shear stress they are exposed to alters with hitherto unknown consequences. We hypothesize that in the more advanced stages of the disease, shear stress has an important impact on plaque composition in such a way that high shear stress enhances plaque vulnerability through its biological impact on the endothelium. We investigated this hypothesis by studying the relationship between shear stress and strain, a marker for plaque composition, in human coronary arteries.

Download Full-text