scholarly journals The role of TET proteins in stress-induced neuroepigenetic and behavioural adaptations

2021 ◽  
pp. 100352
Author(s):  
Alec Dick ◽  
Alon Chen
Keyword(s):  
Tet Proteins ◽  
Behavioural Adaptations

scholarly journals Ascorbic acid improves parthenogenetic embryo development through TET proteins in mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Gao ◽  
Xianfeng Yu ◽  
Jindong Hao ◽  
Ling Wang ◽  
Minghui Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Quantitative Real Time Pcr ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Tet Proteins ◽  
Parthenogenetic Embryo ◽  
Blastocyst Rate

Abstract The TET (Ten-Eleven Translocation) proteins catalyze the oxidation of 5mC (5-methylcytosine) to 5hmC (5-hydroxymethylcytosine) and play crucial roles in embryonic development. Ascorbic acid (Vc, Vitamin C) stimulates the expression of TET proteins, whereas DMOG (dimethyloxallyl glycine) inhibits TET expression. To investigate the role of TET1, TET2, and TET3 in PA (parthenogenetic) embryonic development, Vc and DMOG treatments were administered during early embryonic development. The results showed that Vc treatment increased the blastocyst rate (20.73 ± 0.46 compared with 26.57 ± 0.53%). By contrast, DMOG reduced the blastocyst rate (20.73 ± 0.46 compared with 11.18 ± 0.13%) in PA embryos. qRT-PCR (quantitative real-time PCR) and IF (immunofluorescence) staining results revealed that TET1, TET2, and TET3 expressions were significantly lower in PA embryos compared with normal fertilized (Con) embryos. Our results revealed that Vc stimulated the expression of TET proteins in PA embryos. However, treatment with DMOG significantly inhibited the expression of TET proteins. In addition, 5hmC was increased following treatment with Vc and suppressed by DMOG in PA embryos. Taken together, these results indicate that the expression of TET proteins plays crucial roles mediated by 5hmC in PA embryonic development.

scholarly journals Vitamin C Transporters and Their Implications in Carcinogenesis

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3869
Author(s):  
Kinga Linowiecka ◽  
Marek Foksinski ◽  
Anna A. Brożyna
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Dna Demethylation ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Tet Proteins ◽  
Active Dna Demethylation ◽  
Hypoxic State

Vitamin C is implicated in various bodily functions due to its unique properties in redox homeostasis. Moreover, vitamin C also plays a great role in restoring the activity of 2-oxoglutarate and Fe2+ dependent dioxygenases (2-OGDD), which are involved in active DNA demethylation (TET proteins), the demethylation of histones, and hypoxia processes. Therefore, vitamin C may be engaged in the regulation of gene expression or in a hypoxic state. Hence, vitamin C has acquired great interest for its plausible effects on cancer treatment. Since its conceptualization, the role of vitamin C in cancer therapy has been a controversial and disputed issue. Vitamin C is transferred to the cells with sodium dependent transporters (SVCTs) and glucose transporters (GLUT). However, it is unknown whether the impaired function of these transporters may lead to carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Notably, previous studies have identified SVCTs’ polymorphisms or their altered expression in some types of cancer. This review discusses the potential effects of vitamin C and the impaired SVCT function in cancers. The variations in vitamin C transporter genes may regulate the active transport of vitamin C, and therefore have an impact on cancer risk, but further studies are needed to thoroughly elucidate their involvement in cancer biology.

scholarly journals Role of Tet proteins in enhancer activity and telomere elongation

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (19) ◽  
pp. 2103-2119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Falong Lu ◽  
Yuting Liu ◽  
Lan Jiang ◽  
Shinpei Yamaguchi ◽  
Yi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Enhancer Activity ◽  
Telomere Elongation ◽  
Tet Proteins

scholarly journals Role of Tet proteins in 5mC to 5hmC conversion, ES-cell self-renewal and inner cell mass specification

Nature ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 466 (7310) ◽  
pp. 1129-1133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinsuke Ito ◽  
Ana C. D’Alessio ◽  
Olena V. Taranova ◽  
Kwonho Hong ◽  
Lawrence C. Sowers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inner Cell Mass ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Es Cell ◽  
Self Renewal ◽  
Tet Proteins

scholarly journals A method for the efficient and selective identification of 5-hydroxymethyluracil in genomic DNA

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Whitney Bullard ◽  
Rudo Kieft ◽  
Robert Sabatini
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Transcriptional Repression ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Robust Method ◽  
Tet Proteins ◽  
Genomic Location ◽  
Genomic Regions

Recently, 5-hydroxymethyluracil (5hmU) was identified in mammalian genomic DNA as an oxidative product of thymine by the ten-eleven translocation (TET) proteins. While the biological role of this modification remains unclear, identifying its genomic location will assist in elucidating function. Here we present a rapid and robust method to selectively tag and enrich genomic regions containing 5hmU. This method involves the selective glucosylation of 5hmU residues by the base J glucosyltransferase from trypanosomes creating glucosylhydroxymethyluracil (base J). The base J can then be efficiently and selectively pulled down by antibodies against base J or by J-binding protein 1. DNA that is enriched is suitable for analysis by quantitative PCR or sequencing. We utilized this tagging reaction to provide proof of concept for the enrichment of 5hmU containing DNA from a pool that contains modified and unmodified DNA. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the base J pull-down assay identifies 5hmU at specific regions of the trypanosome genome involved in transcriptional repression. The method described here will allow for a greater understanding of the functional role and dynamics of 5hmU in biology.

The Role of TET Proteins During Development

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Khoueiry ◽  
Kian Peng Koh
Keyword(s):  
Tet Proteins

scholarly journals A primary role of TET proteins in establishment and maintenance ofDe Novobivalency at CpG islands

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (18) ◽  
pp. 8682-8692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingchun Kong ◽  
Li Tan ◽  
Ruitu Lv ◽  
Zhennan Shi ◽  
Lijun Xiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cpg Islands ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Tet Proteins

scholarly journals Do cave orb spiders show unique behavioural adaptations to subterranean life? A review of the evidence

Behaviour ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 156 (10) ◽  
pp. 969-996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Hesselberg ◽  
Daniel Simonsen ◽  
Carlos Juan
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Complex Life Cycle ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Surface Phase ◽  
Cave Environment ◽  
Surface Dwelling ◽  
Behavioural Adaptations

Abstract Interest for subterranean biology has risen sharply in recent years due to the simplicity of the cave environment. However, most studies have focussed on morphology with few studies looking at behaviour. The cave orb spiders show some unique behavioural adaptations compared to other orb spiders, including rudimentary orb webs, off-web foraging and a complex life cycle with a surface phase. Here, we compare these behavioural adaptations in the European Meta menardi and Meta bourneti to similar behaviours in surface-dwelling orb spiders. We find that current data suggest (1) an extreme reduction in the number of frame threads, (2) evidence of capturing non-flying prey, but not necessarily evidence for off-web foraging and (3) dispersal through a surface-dwelling life stage, but with data lacking on the role of ballooning and their return to caves. We conclude that Meta spiders have potential as model organisms for studies on behavioural adaptations and flexibility.

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