Factors influential in making an injury severity difference to older drivers involved in fixed object–passenger car crashes

The study analyzed injury severity of teenage and older drivers using 2015–2016 crash data from New Mexico. The fitness of the random-parameter ordered probit models developed for each age group was tested using likelihood ratio, comparing them to a unified model that combines both age groups, as well as comparing the random-parameter to fixed-parameter ordered probit for each age group. In both cases separate random-parameter ordered probit provided better results. It was found that vehicle type and age, lighting condition, alcohol or drug use, speeding, and seatbelt use were significant both for the teenage and older driver injury severity. The weather condition and gender were significant only in the teenage driver model, while driver inattention was significant for older drivers. The impacts of crash factors on injury severity was analyzed using marginal effects. The results indicate notable differences in the effects of contributing factors on driver injury severity between teenage and older drivers, including the sensitivity to changes in the mutual predictor parameter values.

Download Full-text

Modelling injury severity of bicyclists in bicycle-car crashes at intersections

Accident Analysis & Prevention ◽

10.1016/j.aap.2020.105597 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 144 ◽

pp. 105597

Author(s):

Sareh Bahrololoom ◽

William Young ◽

David Logan

Keyword(s):

Injury Severity ◽

Car Crashes

Download Full-text

Rollover Car Crashes with Ejection: A Deadly Combination—An Analysis of 719 Patients

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2014/250540 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Rifat Latifi ◽

Ayman El-Menyar ◽

Hany El-Hennawy ◽

Hassan Al-Thani

Keyword(s):

Trauma Center ◽

Injury Severity ◽

Admission Rate ◽

Abdominal Injuries ◽

Group I ◽

Increased Risk ◽

The Mean ◽

Car Crashes ◽

Group Ii ◽

Level I

Rollover car crashes (ROCs) are serious public safety concerns worldwide.Objective. To determine the incidence and outcomes of ROCs with or without ejection of occupants in the State of Qatar.Methods. A retrospective study of all patients involved in ROCs admitted to Level I trauma center in Qatar (2011-2012). Patients were divided into Group I (ROC with ejection) and Group II (ROC without ejection).Results. A total of 719 patients were evaluated (237 in Group I and 482 in Group II). The mean age in Group I was lower than in Group II (24.3±10.3versus29±12.2;P=0.001). Group I had higher injury severity score and sustained significantly more head, chest, and abdominal injuries in comparison to Group II. The mortality rate was higher in Group I (25% versus 7%;P=0.001). Group I patients required higher ICU admission rate (P=0.001). Patients in Group I had a 5-fold increased risk for age-adjusted mortality (OR 5.43; 95% CI 3.11–9.49),P=0.001).Conclusion. ROCs with ejection are associated with higher rate of morbidity and mortality compared to ROCs without ejection. As an increased number of young Qatari males sustain ROCs with ejection, these findings highlight the need for research-based injury prevention initiatives in the country.

Download Full-text

Factors associated with driver injury severity of lane changing crashes involving younger and older drivers

Accident Analysis & Prevention ◽

10.1016/j.aap.2020.105867 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 149 ◽

pp. 105867

Author(s):

Emmanuel Kofi Adanu ◽

Abhay Lidbe ◽

Elsa Tedla ◽

Steven Jones

Keyword(s):

Injury Severity ◽

Older Drivers ◽

Lane Changing ◽

Factors Associated

Download Full-text

The Needed Features of Connected and Automated Vehicles to Prevent Passenger Car Crashes Caused by Driving Errors

Future Transportation ◽

10.3390/futuretransp1020021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 370-386

Author(s):

Roni Utriainen ◽

Markus Pöllänen

Keyword(s):

Traffic Safety ◽

Sudden Change ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Loss Of Control ◽

Automated Vehicles ◽

Passenger Cars ◽

Passenger Car ◽

Road Users ◽

Adverse Weather ◽

Car Crashes

Connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) can enhance traffic safety considerably. However, as CAVs are currently under development, the safety impact cannot be assessed directly. In this study, driver-managed passenger car crashes with fatalities in Finland were investigated qualitatively to evaluate the needed features of the CAVs to avoid these crashes. The focus was on single-car crashes and collisions between passenger cars, in which the immediate risk factor was a driving error (n = 48). Most of the analysed crashes (33 of 48) were due to loss of control with typically adverse weather or road conditions. To avoid these crashes, a CAV should be able to adjust its speed according to the conditions. In 13 of 48 crashes, the car was under control prior to the crash. A reliable capability to recognize other road users is an important CAV feature, because observational errors were common in these cases. In addition, communication between the vehicles could assist in avoiding intersection crashes and crashes caused by a sudden change in weather conditions. This study increases knowledge on crashes related to driving errors and the needed features of CAVs to avoid these crashes. In particular, CAVs’ feature to adjust the speed is important, because cases of loss of control in adverse weather or road conditions were typical events.

Download Full-text