Activation of cell membrane enzymes in the stimulation of cell division

1972 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 605-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Sivak ◽  
Brooke T. Mossman ◽  
B.L. Van Duuren
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Membrane Enzymes ◽  
Stimulation Of

Use of Isolated Tight Epithelia to Study the Site and Mode of Drug Action on Cell Membrane Transport: Effect of the Antipsychotic Agent Trifluoperazine

1990 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-227
Author(s):  
Henning F. Bjerregaard
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Membrane Transport ◽  
Antipsychotic Agent ◽  
Na Transport ◽  
Tight Epithelia ◽  
Acute Toxic Effect ◽  
Cell Membrane Transport ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Stimulation Of

The aim of the present study was to investigate the site and mode of trifluoperazine (TFP) action on cell membrane transport by the use of isolated frog skin. This cellular system gives access to the apical (outer) and basolateral (inner) membranes of the polarised epithelial cells. Both apical and basolateral TFP addition induced a dose-dependent stimulation of Na transport, and depolarised the cellular potential. The data indicate that TFP acts by increasing the Na permeability of the apical membrane. However, the mechanisms localised in the apical and basolateral membranes are quite different. Basolateral TFP addition increased Na transport due to a stimulation of PGE2 synthesis, whereas apical TFP addition abolished Na inhibition of the apical Na channels, and thereby enhanced the Na transport. An acute toxic effect on the electrophysiological parameters was noted after addition of high apical TFP concentrations (50–100μM). This toxic effect was dependent on the presence of Na in the apical solution.

scholarly journals Stimulation of Erythrocyte Cell Membrane Scrambling by Adarotene

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 519-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morena Mischitelli ◽  
Mohamed Jemaàa ◽  
MyriamFezai Fezai ◽  
Mustafa Almasry ◽  
Florian Lang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Annexin V ◽  
Forward Scatter ◽  
Erythrocyte Surface ◽  
Suicidal Death ◽  
Phosphatidylserine Translocation ◽  
Surface Signaling ◽  
Ros Formation ◽  
Stimulation Of

Background/Aims: The atypical retinoid E23-(40-hydroxyl-30-adamantylbiphenyl-4-yl) acrylic acid (ST1926, adarotene) is used in the treatment of malignancy. The effect of ST1926 is at least in part due to stimulation of apoptosis. Similar to apoptosis of nucleated cells, erythrocytes may enter eryptosis, the suicidal death of erythrocytes. Hallmarks of eryptosis include cell shrinkage and cell membrane scrambling with phosphatidylserine translocation to the erythrocyte surface. Signaling involved in the stimulation of eryptosis includes increase of cytosolic Ca2+ activity [Ca2+]<Sub>i</Sub>, oxidative stress and ceramide. The present study explored, whether adarotene induces eryptosis and, if so, to test for the involvement of Ca2+ entry, oxidative stress and ceramide. Methods: Flow cytometry was employed to estimate phosphatidylserine exposure at the cell surface from annexin-V-binding, cell volume from forward scatter, [Ca2+]<Sub>i</Sub> from Fluo3-fluorescence, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation from DCFDA dependent fluorescence, and ceramide abundance utilizing specific antibodies. Results: A 48 hours exposure of human erythrocytes to adarotene (9 µM) significantly increased the percentage of annexin-V-binding cells, an effect paralleled by significant decrease of forward scatter, as well as significant increase of Fluo3-fluorescence, DCFDA fluorescence, and ceramide abundance. The effect of adarotene (9 µM) on annexin-V-binding was significantly blunted but not abolished by removal of extracellular Ca2+. Conclusions: Adarotene stimulates phospholipid scrambling of the erythrocyte cell membrane, an effect paralleled by and at least in part due to Ca2+ entry, oxidative stress and ceramide.

scholarly journals The immediate phase of c-kit ligand stimulation of mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells elicits rapid leukotriene C4 generation through posttranslational activation of cytosolic phospholipase A2 and 5-lipoxygenase.

1995 ◽  
Vol 182 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Murakami ◽  
K F Austen ◽  
J P Arm
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Phospholipase A2 ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow ◽  
Kit Ligand ◽  
Cytosolic Phospholipase ◽  
Delayed Phase ◽  
Stimulation Of

c-kit ligand (KL) activated mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMC) for the dose- and time-dependent release of arachidonic acid from cell membrane phospholipids, with generation of leukotriene (LT) C4 in preference to prostaglandin (PG)D2. KL at concentrations of 10 ng/ml elicited half-maximal eicosanoid generation and at concentrations of &gt; 50 ng/ml elicited a maximal generation of approximately 15 ng LTC4 and 1 ng PGD2 per 10(6) cells, with 20% net beta-hexosaminidase release 10 min after stimulation. Of the other cytokines tested, none, either alone or in combination with KL, elicited or modulated the immediate phase of mediator release by BMMC, indicating strict specificity for KL. Activation of BMMC in response to KL was accompanied by transient phosphorylation of cytosolic phospholipase A2 and reversible translocation of 5-lipoxygenase to a cell membrane fraction 2-5 min after stimulation, when the rate of arachidonic acid release and LTC4 production were maximal. BMMC continuously exposed to KL in the presence of IL-10 and IL-1 beta generated LTC4 in marked preference to PGD2 over the first 10 min followed by delayed generation of PGD2 with no LTC4 over several hours. Pharmacologic studies revealed that PGD2 generation in the immediate phase depended on prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase (PGHS)-1 and in the delayed phase on PGHS-2. Thus, KL provided a nonallergic stimulus for biphasic eicosanoid generation by mast cells. The immediate phase is dominated by LTC4 generation with kinetics and postreceptor biosynthetic events similar to those observed after cell activation through the high affinity IgE receptor, whereas the delayed phase of slow and selective PGD2 production is mediated by induction of PGHS-2.

scholarly journals Submaximal stimulation of porcine endothelial cells causes focal Ca2+elevation beneath the cell membrane

1998 ◽  
Vol 506 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang F. Graier ◽  
Jolanta Paltauf-Doburzynska ◽  
Brent J. F. Hill ◽  
Eleonore Fleischhacker ◽  
Bernhard G. Hoebel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Porcine Endothelial Cells ◽  
Stimulation Of

Functions of cytokinins

1978 ◽  
Vol 284 (1002) ◽  
pp. 449-457 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Transfer Rna ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Rna Molecules ◽  
Plant Ribosomes ◽  
Stimulation Of

Mechanisms of action of cytokinins at the cellular and molecular levels are still unknown. Biological functions of cytokinins are presented through specific bioassay systems which are regarded as standard (delay of senescence of leaf tissue and stimulation of cell division) and which have been or may be biochemically investigated. These ‘biochemical functions’ of cytokinins are reviewed. The biochemical significance of the specific occurrence of cytokinins in transfer RNA molecules is discussed with respect to the question of the incorporation of labelled cytokinins into RNA molecules. Also, the significance of the cytokinin binding protein recently isolated from higher plant ribosomes is discussed.

Early modifications of the internodal anatomy of Glycine max sprayed with 2,4-DB

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (12) ◽  
pp. 1340-1344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thompson Demetrio Pizzolato ◽  
David L. Regehr
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Cell Enlargement ◽  
Secondary Phloem ◽  
Anatomical Changes ◽  
Phloem Parenchyma ◽  
Cortical Parenchyma ◽  
Parenchyma Cells ◽  
Radial Cell ◽  
Orderly Fashion ◽  
Stimulation Of

An aqueous spray of 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid (2,4-DB) induces anatomical changes in young Glycine internodes. Four days after spraying, the first symptoms appear outside the cambium when the interfascicular parenchyma cells and the adjacent cortical parenchyma cells enlarge and divide in several planes. Four days later, the metaphloem parenchyma cells in many of the leaf traces undergo considerable periclinal cell division and extensive radial cell enlargement. The phloem parenchyma cells of the late metaphloem and first secondary phloem enlarge and divide in a less orderly fashion. Fifteen days after treatment, the cortical parenchyma is modified into a band of radially seriate cells above the protophloem fibers. Products of this cambium-like region convert the cortex into a callus-like tissue. The size of starch grains is reduced initially in the phloem and xylem and later in the cortex. It appears that the stimuli produced by 2,4-DB move into the internode via the metaphloem of leaf traces. Despite the rapid obliteration of conducting phloem by the 2,4-DB induced stimulation of phloem parenchyma, an accelerated differentiation of secondary phloem compensates for this loss.

Stimulation of cell division and DNA replication inPrototheca richardsiby passage through larval amphibian guts

Parasitology ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. C. Beebee ◽  
A. L.-C. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Dna Replication ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Leucine Uptake ◽  
Amphibian Larvae ◽  
Larval Amphibian ◽  
Stimulation Of

SUMMARYPrototheca richardsi, an unpigmented heterotrophic alga, causes growth inhibition in amphibian larvae and has proved refractory to culturein Vitro.P. richardsireplication is dependent on regular passaging through tadpole digestive systems; uptake of thymidine by free-livingProtothecacells and incorporation into DNA are very low by comparison with leucine uptake and incorporation into protein, but DNA synthesis is detectable in cells isolated from tadpole intestines. DNA replication was elicited 6–8 h after ingestion in protothecans fed to tadpoles and subsequently re-isolated from them, providing that the tadpoles were fed subsequent to the ingestion. It appears that passaging through tadpole intestines provides an essential stimulus to maintaining an active cell division cycle inP. richardsi.

Stimulation of Cell Division by Croton Oil in Blue-Green Bacteria

1973 ◽  
Vol 114 (2) ◽  
pp. 874-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lonnie O'Neal Ingram ◽  
W. D. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Green Bacteria ◽  
Croton Oil ◽  
Stimulation Of
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