Extracellular adenosine-induced apoptosis in mouse neuroblastoma cells studies on involvement of adenosine receptors and adenosine uptake11Abbreviations: NECA, 5′-(N-ethylcarboxamido)adenosine; AMDA, 5′-amino-5′-deoxyadenosine; CPA, N6-cyclopentyladenosine; NBI, nitrobenzylthioinosine; 2-Cl-IB-MECA, 2-chloro-N6-(3-iodobenzyl)adenosine-5′-N-methyluronamide; AMV–RT, Avian myeloblastosis virus–reverse transcriptase; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; DEVD-AMC, N-acetyl-Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-7-amino-4-methylcoumarin; DPCPX, 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine; and EM, electron microscopy.

Different antibody-based tests for rapid detection of Canine parvovirus antigens in feces are commercially available, allowing quick diagnosis in a clinical setting. However, the diagnostic accuracy of these tests compared with standard methods has not been evaluated so far. In the current study, 3 commercial tests were compared with immune-electron microscopy (IEM) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Dogs were divided into 3 groups: group A, samples from dogs with acute hemorrhagic diarrhea ( n = 50); group B, dogs with chronic diarrhea ( n = 10); and group C, dogs with no evidence of gastrointestinal disease ( n = 40). Specificity of all 3 commercial tests versus PCR and IEM was good to excellent (92.2–100%). Sensitivity, in contrast, was poor: 15.8–26.3% versus PCR and 50–60% versus IEM. In group A, 10 dogs were positive by IEM and 24 dogs were positive by PCR. Positive PCR results were also obtained from animals in control groups (group B, 1 dog; group C, 5 dogs). No dog in group B or C was positive by IEM. In conclusion, the rapid tests are useful to diagnose canine parvoviral enteritis, but they do not rule out parvovirus infection in an animal with typical clinical signs. In addition, a small percentage of healthy dogs and dogs with chronic diarrhea showed positive PCR results; this may be due to asymptomatic/persistent infection or intestinal passage of virus. The significance of this finding remains unclear.

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Detection of neuroblastoma cells in bone marrow and peripheral blood at diagnosis by the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction for tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA

Cancer ◽

10.1002/1097-0142(19950601)75:11<2757::aid-cncr2820751120>3.0.co;2-s ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 75 (11) ◽

pp. 2757-2761 ◽

Cited By ~ 67

Author(s):

Yuji Miyajima ◽

Koji Kato ◽

Shin-Ichiro Numata ◽

Kazuko Kudo ◽

Keizo Horibe

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Tyrosine Hydroxylase ◽

Reverse Transcriptase ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Neuroblastoma Cells ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Polymerase Chain

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Laboratory capability in Europe for foodborne viruses

Eurosurveillance ◽

10.2807/esm.07.04.00323-en ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 61-65 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

B A Lopman ◽

Y van Duynhoven ◽

F X Hanon ◽

M Reacher ◽

M Koopmans ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Human Serum ◽

National Laboratory ◽

National Database ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Foodborne Viruses ◽

Food Items ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Almost All

This report describes a survey of national laboratory capabilities of diagnostics and surveillance databases for foodborne viruses among the "Foodborne Viruses in Europe" consortium. All the countries have laboratories that can test for HAV antibody in human serum. Eight of the ten surveyed European countries maintain a national database of HAV cases. Food can be tested for the presence of HAV in Finland, Italy, Spain, France and Denmark. All surveyed countries have at least one laboratory that tests for Norwalk-like virus (NLV) by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and all also have the capability to use electron microscopy. Five countries maintain a national database of NLV cases and nine maintain a national database of NLV outbreaks. Almost all participant countries have laboratories that can test for NLV in food items including shellfish.

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Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate accumulation in bacterial consortia from different environments

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/w2012-037 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 58 (5) ◽

pp. 660-667 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Rahela Carpa ◽

Anca Butiuc-Keul ◽

Iulia Lupan ◽

Lucian Barbu-Tudoran ◽

Vasile Muntean ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽

Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Flood Plain ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Isolation And Identification ◽

Stressful Environment ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Polymerase Chain

The aim of the present study was to examine soil samples from various vegetation zones in terms of physicochemical properties, microbial communities, and isolation and identification (by polymerase chain reaction and transmission electron microscopy) of bacteria producing poly-β-hydroxybutyrates (PHBs). Soil samples were analysed originating from zones with heterogeneous environmental conditions from the Romanian Carpathian Mountains (mountain zone with alpine meadow, karstic zone with limestone meadow, hill zone with xerophilous meadow, and flood plain zone with hygrophilic meadow). Different bacterial groups involved in the nitrogen cycle (aerobic mesophilic heterotrophs, ammonifiers, denitrifiers, nitrifiers, and free nitrogen-fixing bacteria from Azotobacter genus) were analysed. Soil biological quality was assessed by the bacterial indicator of soil quality, which varied between 4.3 and 4.7. A colony polymerase chain reaction technique was used for screening PHB producers. With different primers, specific bands were obtained in all the soil samples. Some wild types of Azotobacter species were isolated from the 4 studied sites. Biodegradable polymers of PHB were assessed by negative staining in transmission electron microscopy. The maximum PHB granules density was obtained in the strains isolated from the xerophilous meadow (10–18 granules/cell), which was the most stressful environment from all the studied sites, as the physicochemical and microbiological tests proved.

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Encephalitozoon Cuniculi Placentitis and Abortion in a Quarterhorse Mare

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation ◽

10.1177/104063870301500113 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 57-59 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

J. C. Patterson-Kane ◽

P. Caplazi ◽

F. Rurangirwa ◽

R. R. Tramontin ◽

K. Wolfsdorf

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Epithelial Cells ◽

Ribosomal Dna ◽

Encephalitozoon Cuniculi ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

University Of Kentucky ◽

Livestock Disease ◽

Diagnostic Center ◽

Polymerase Chain

Encephalitozoon cuniculi is a microsporidial parasite, which has rarely been reported to cause placentitis in animals. A late-term aborted fetus and placenta from a Quarterhorse were presented to the Livestock Disease Diagnostic Center, University of Kentucky, for diagnostic examination. There was a necrotizing placentitis, with distension of many chorionic epithelial cells by intracytoplasmic vacuoles containing 1–2-μm-diameter, elongated, gram-positive organisms. The organisms were identified as E. cuniculi by electron microscopy and by polymerase chain reaction using primers to microsporidial ribosomal DNA. Joints of the fetus were swollen, with gross and microscopic lesions of synovitis; however, E. cuniculi DNA was not detected.

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