scholarly journals Encephalitozoon Cuniculi Placentitis and Abortion in a Quarterhorse Mare

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Patterson-Kane ◽  
P. Caplazi ◽  
F. Rurangirwa ◽  
R. R. Tramontin ◽  
K. Wolfsdorf
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Encephalitozoon Cuniculi ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
University Of Kentucky ◽  
Livestock Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Center ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Encephalitozoon cuniculi is a microsporidial parasite, which has rarely been reported to cause placentitis in animals. A late-term aborted fetus and placenta from a Quarterhorse were presented to the Livestock Disease Diagnostic Center, University of Kentucky, for diagnostic examination. There was a necrotizing placentitis, with distension of many chorionic epithelial cells by intracytoplasmic vacuoles containing 1–2-μm-diameter, elongated, gram-positive organisms. The organisms were identified as E. cuniculi by electron microscopy and by polymerase chain reaction using primers to microsporidial ribosomal DNA. Joints of the fetus were swollen, with gross and microscopic lesions of synovitis; however, E. cuniculi DNA was not detected.

scholarly journals Comparison of Three Rapid Commercial Canine Parvovirus Antigen Detection Tests with Electron Microscopy and Polymerase Chain Reaction

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 344-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silke Schmitz ◽  
Christina Coenen ◽  
König Matthias ◽  
Thiel Heinz-Jürgen ◽  
Reto Neiger
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Chronic Diarrhea ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Canine Parvovirus ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Group A ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Group B

Different antibody-based tests for rapid detection of Canine parvovirus antigens in feces are commercially available, allowing quick diagnosis in a clinical setting. However, the diagnostic accuracy of these tests compared with standard methods has not been evaluated so far. In the current study, 3 commercial tests were compared with immune-electron microscopy (IEM) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Dogs were divided into 3 groups: group A, samples from dogs with acute hemorrhagic diarrhea ( n = 50); group B, dogs with chronic diarrhea ( n = 10); and group C, dogs with no evidence of gastrointestinal disease ( n = 40). Specificity of all 3 commercial tests versus PCR and IEM was good to excellent (92.2–100%). Sensitivity, in contrast, was poor: 15.8–26.3% versus PCR and 50–60% versus IEM. In group A, 10 dogs were positive by IEM and 24 dogs were positive by PCR. Positive PCR results were also obtained from animals in control groups (group B, 1 dog; group C, 5 dogs). No dog in group B or C was positive by IEM. In conclusion, the rapid tests are useful to diagnose canine parvoviral enteritis, but they do not rule out parvovirus infection in an animal with typical clinical signs. In addition, a small percentage of healthy dogs and dogs with chronic diarrhea showed positive PCR results; this may be due to asymptomatic/persistent infection or intestinal passage of virus. The significance of this finding remains unclear.

scholarly journals Laboratory capability in Europe for foodborne viruses

2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 61-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
B A Lopman ◽  
Y van Duynhoven ◽  
F X Hanon ◽  
M Reacher ◽  
M Koopmans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
National Database ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Foodborne Viruses ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Almost All

This report describes a survey of national laboratory capabilities of diagnostics and surveillance databases for foodborne viruses among the "Foodborne Viruses in Europe" consortium. All the countries have laboratories that can test for HAV antibody in human serum. Eight of the ten surveyed European countries maintain a national database of HAV cases. Food can be tested for the presence of HAV in Finland, Italy, Spain, France and Denmark. All surveyed countries have at least one laboratory that tests for Norwalk-like virus (NLV) by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and all also have the capability to use electron microscopy. Five countries maintain a national database of NLV cases and nine maintain a national database of NLV outbreaks. Almost all participant countries have laboratories that can test for NLV in food items including shellfish.

Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate accumulation in bacterial consortia from different environments

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 660-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahela Carpa ◽  
Anca Butiuc-Keul ◽  
Iulia Lupan ◽  
Lucian Barbu-Tudoran ◽  
Vasile Muntean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Flood Plain ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Stressful Environment ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Polymerase Chain

The aim of the present study was to examine soil samples from various vegetation zones in terms of physicochemical properties, microbial communities, and isolation and identification (by polymerase chain reaction and transmission electron microscopy) of bacteria producing poly-β-hydroxybutyrates (PHBs). Soil samples were analysed originating from zones with heterogeneous environmental conditions from the Romanian Carpathian Mountains (mountain zone with alpine meadow, karstic zone with limestone meadow, hill zone with xerophilous meadow, and flood plain zone with hygrophilic meadow). Different bacterial groups involved in the nitrogen cycle (aerobic mesophilic heterotrophs, ammonifiers, denitrifiers, nitrifiers, and free nitrogen-fixing bacteria from Azotobacter genus) were analysed. Soil biological quality was assessed by the bacterial indicator of soil quality, which varied between 4.3 and 4.7. A colony polymerase chain reaction technique was used for screening PHB producers. With different primers, specific bands were obtained in all the soil samples. Some wild types of Azotobacter species were isolated from the 4 studied sites. Biodegradable polymers of PHB were assessed by negative staining in transmission electron microscopy. The maximum PHB granules density was obtained in the strains isolated from the xerophilous meadow (10–18 granules/cell), which was the most stressful environment from all the studied sites, as the physicochemical and microbiological tests proved.

Detection of BK polyomavirus after kidney transplantation: a comparison of urine electron microscopy with plasma polymerase chain reaction

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. E42-E48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin D. Westervelt ◽  
Barbara D. Alexander ◽  
Sylvia F. Costa ◽  
Sara E. Miller ◽  
David N. Howell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Kidney Transplantation ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Bk Polyomavirus ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Minimal intraspecific variation in the sequence of the transcribed spacer regions of the ribosomal DNA of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush)

Genome ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 664-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lang Zhuo ◽  
S. L. Sajdak ◽  
R. B. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Lake Trout ◽  
Intergenic Spacer ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Intraspecific variation in the sequence of the transcribed spacer regions of the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) in lake trout was examined by restriction mapping and sequencing of these regions amplified by the polymerase chain reaction. The length of the first internal transcribed spacer region (ITS-1) was 566 bases and the second internal transcribed spacer region (ITS-2) was 368 bases in lake trout. When the 1.4-kb region including the ITS-1, the 5.8S coding region, and the ITS-2 was amplified from 12 individuals from four populations and digested with eight different enzymes only one intraindividual polymorphism was found that occurred in each population. When the amplified ITS-1 region was sequenced from an additional 10 individuals from five populations, no interindividual variation was found in the sequence. A 6-kb portion of the rDNA repeat unit including 1.6 kb of the 18S coding region, the 5′ external spacer region (5′ ETS), and part of the adjacent intergenic spacer was cloned and a restriction map was prepared for these regions in lake trout. No intraspecific variation was found in the region adjacent to the 18S rDNA, which includes the 5′ ETS, although intraspecific and intraindividual length variation was found in the intergenic spacer region 3–6 kb from the 18S. Sequencing of a 609-b segment of the 5′ ETS adjacent to the 18S coding region revealed the presence of two 41-b repeats. The 198-b sequence between the repeats had some similarity to the 18S coding region of other fishes. Primers were designed for amplification of 559 b of the 5′ ETS using the polymerase chain reaction. No intraspecific variation in this region in lake trout was found when the DNA amplified from this region in 12 individuals from four populations was digested with eight restriction enzymes.Key words: ribosomal DNA, internal transcribed spacer regions, 5′ external spacer region, transcribed spacer, lake trout.

scholarly journals Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction Identification of Venturia nashicola Using Internally Transcribed Spacer Region in the Ribosomal DNA

2001 ◽  
Vol 91 (9) ◽  
pp. 900-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Le Cam ◽  
Martine Devaux ◽  
Luciana Parisi
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Restriction Enzymes ◽  
Oligonucleotide Primer ◽  
Sequence Information ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Venturia Nashicola ◽  
Polymerase Chain

A technique based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed for the identification of Venturia nashicola using nucleotide sequence information of the ribosomal DNA region. The complete internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of V. nashicola strains and phylo-genetically related species was amplified with the two universal ITS1 and ITS4 primers, sequenced, and digested with five restriction enzymes. The alignment of nucleotide sequences and analyses of digestion patterns indicated constant polymorphisms between V. nashicola and related species at nucleotides 126 and 127, which overlapped a TaqI restriction site. An oligonucleotide primer named A126 was designed for identifying this variable region. A primer set (A126 and ITS4) that allowed the amplification of a 391-bp DNA fragment within the ITS region by PCR was specific to V. nashicola when it was checked against fungal genomic DNAs of related fungi. This primer set was a good candidate for a species-specific reagent in a procedure for identification of V. nashicola by PCR.

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