Scanning electron microscopy of oak leaves contaminated with heavy metals

1978 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 508-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.J.F. Bewley ◽  
R. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Oak Leaves ◽  
Scanning Electron

scholarly journals Understanding the Mechanism of Arsenic Mobilisation and Behaviour in Tailings Dams

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
B. Koomson ◽  
E. K. Asiam ◽  
W. Skinner ◽  
J. Addai-Mensah
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Tailings Dams ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Scanning Electron

This study was carried out on leaching of tailings at 30 ᵒC and 40 ᵒC. The mineralogical and chemical composition of the tailings material were determined by Quantitative X-Ray Diffractometry (QXRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy combined with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDAX). The study revealed that the tailings contain sulphides (arsenopyrite and pyrite) which can leach to produce arsenic (As) and other ions in solution. The acid released during leaching depends on the temperature of leaching. More acid was produced at higher temperature (40 ᵒC) than lower temperature (30 ᵒC). It was established that arsenic precipitation from solution was higher at higher temperature (40 ᵒC) than lower temperature (30 ᵒC). Mimicking the study in a typical tailings environment, it could be proposed that As mobilisation will be enhanced at lower temperature (30 ᵒC) than at higher temperature (40 ᵒC). Keywords: Tailings, Leaching, Arsenopyrite, Heavy metals and Temperature

Study on the adsorption of bacteria in ceramsite and their synergetic effect on adsorption of heavy metals

2013 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Qiu ◽  
Fang Ma ◽  
Xu Huang ◽  
Shanwen Xu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Synergetic Effect ◽  
Covalent Bond ◽  
Metal Adsorption ◽  
Heavy Metal Adsorption ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this paper, heavy metal adsorption by ceramsite with or without Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) immobilization was studied, and the synergetic effect of ceramsite and bacteria was discussed in detail. To investigate the roles of the micro-pore structure of ceramsite and bacteria in removing heavy metals, the amount of bacteria immobilized on the ceramsite was determined and the effect of pH was evaluated. It was found that the immobilization of B. subtilis on the ceramsite was attributed to the electrostatic attraction and covalent bond. The scanning electron microscopy results revealed that, with the presence of ceramsite, there was the conglutination of B. subtilis cells due to the cell outer membrane dissolving. In addition, the B. subtilis immobilized ceramsite showed a different adsorption capacity for different heavy metals, with the adsorption capacity ranking of La3+ > Cu2+ > Mg2+ > Na+.

Application of X-ray Microanalysis for the Detection of Heavy Metals in Great Lakes Algae

1982 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 506-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Bistricki ◽  
M. Munawar
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Great Lakes ◽  
Generation Time ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Short Generation Time ◽  
Metal Load ◽  
Scanning Electron

A combination of scanning electron miscroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) was found to be a very effective tool for characterizing the heavy metal load of Great Lakes phytoflagellates, diatoms, and green algae, and for the surveillance of heavy metal pollution. The sensitivity and short generation time of nannoplankton and the speed of the described technique makes this procedure a useful aid in contaminants research.Key words: scanning electron microscopy, X-ray microanalysis, nannoplankton, heavy metals, algae, phytoflagellates, Great Lakes, contaminants, bioaccumulation

In vivo ingestion of heavy metal particles of Se, Hg and W by murine macrophages. A study using scanning electron microscopy coupled with X-ray microanalysis

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 397-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duangrudee Cherdwongcharoensuk ◽  
Elisabete M Cunha ◽  
Suchart Upatham ◽  
António Sousa Pereira ◽  
Maria João R Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Metal Particles ◽  
Size Difference ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

Several heavy metals that are currently employed in industry may become polluters of work and natural environments. As particulate matter, heavy metals are suitable for entering the human body through the respiratory and digestive systems. They often end up inside phagocytes; the size of the microscopic particles modulates both their phagocytosis, and the physiology of macrophages. Here we have adopted an experimental model to investigate the ingestion of particles of three industrial heavy metals (Se, Hg, W) by murine peritoneal macrophages in vivo. The phagocytes were studied by scanning electron microscopy coupled with X-ray elemental microanalysis (SEM-XRM), a method that allows specific identification of Se, W and Hg in cells at high resolution. We found that Hg that was taken up by macrophages was organized into small, round particles (0.319 / 0.14 mm). This was in contrast with the larger size of intracellular particles of Se (2.379 / 1.84 mm) or W (1.759-1.34 mm). Ingested particles of Se and W, but not Hg, often caused bulging of the cell surface of macrophages. We conclude that particulate matters of Se, W and Hg are organized in particles of different size inside macrophages. This size difference is likely to be associated with distinct phlogistic activities of these heavy metals, Se and W causing a milder inflammatory reaction than Hg.

scholarly journals Novel Combination of Bioleaching and Persulfate for the Removal of Heavy Metals from Metallurgical Industry Sludge

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Chen ◽  
Huidong Li ◽  
Fengjiao Cui ◽  
Zhixia Wang ◽  
Xinxin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Treatment Cycle ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Metallurgical Industry ◽  
Stable Form ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract The objective of this study was to remove heavy metals from the metallurgical industry sludge by bioleaching alone and bioleaching combined with persulfate (PDS). The results showed that the removal of Cu, Zn, Pb and Mn reached to 70%, 83.8%, 25.2% and 76.9% by bioleaching alone after 18 d, respectively. The experiment of bioleaching combined with PDS was carried out in which the optimal additive dosage of K2S2O8, 8 g/L, was added to bioleaching after 6 d. After 1 h, the removal of 4 heavy metals reached 75.1, 84.3, 36.7 and 81.6%, respectively. Compared with bioleaching alone, although the increase in removal efficiency was not obvious, the treatment cycle was distinctly shortened from 18 d to 6 d + 1 h. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that the surface morphology of the sludge was changed significantly by the combined treatment. The content of heavy metals was significantly reduced after bioleaching combined with PDS by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The treated sludge mainly existed in a stable form, and the bioavailability was reduced with European Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) morphology analysis. Therefore, this study proved that the combination of bioleaching and PDS was an efficient method to remove heavy metals from metallurgical industry sludge.

Pathogenesis of Human Hair Defects

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 12-13
Author(s):  
P.S. Porter ◽  
T. Aoyagi ◽  
R. Matta
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Human Hair ◽  
Standard Techniques ◽  
Scanning Electron

Using standard techniques of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), over 1000 human hair defects have been studied. In several of the defects, the pathogenesis of the abnormality has been clarified using these techniques. It is the purpose of this paper to present several distinct morphologic abnormalities of hair and to discuss their pathogenesis as elucidated through techniques of scanning electron microscopy.

Ultrastructural Analysis of the Salivary Glands of Gromphadorhina Portentosa (Schaum)

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 638-639
Author(s):  
P.J. Dailey
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Secretory Vesicles ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Means Of Transmission ◽  
Gromphadorhina Portentosa ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Topographical Relief

The structure of insect salivary glands has been extensively investigated during the past decade; however, none have attempted scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in ultrastructural examinations of these secretory organs. This study correlates fine structure by means of SEM cryofractography with that of thin-sectioned epoxy embedded material observed by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM).Salivary glands of Gromphadorhina portentosa were excised and immediately submerged in cold (4°C) paraformaldehyde-glutaraldehyde fixative1 for 2 hr, washed and post-fixed in 1 per cent 0s04 in phosphosphate buffer (4°C for 2 hr). After ethanolic dehydration half of the samples were embedded in Epon 812 for TEM and half cryofractured and subsequently critical point dried for SEM. Dried specimens were mounted on aluminum stubs and coated with approximately 150 Å of gold in a cold sputtering apparatus.Figure 1 shows a cryofractured plane through a salivary acinus revealing topographical relief of secretory vesicles.

Two- or three-way observations of the identical cell elements within the same sections by LM, TEM and/or SEM

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nakazo Watari ◽  
Yasuaki Hotta ◽  
Yoshio Mabuchi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Identical Cell ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Scanning Electron

It is very useful if we can observe the identical cell elements within the same sections by light microscopy (LM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and/or scanning electron microscopy (SEM) sequentially, because, the cell fine structure can not be indicated by LM, while the color is; on the other hand, the cell fine structure can be very easily observed by EM, although its color properties may not. However, there is one problem in that LM requires thick sections of over 1 μm, while EM needs very thin sections of under 100 nm. Recently, we have developed a new method to observe the same cell elements within the same plastic sections using both light and transmission (conventional or high-voltage) electron microscopes.In this paper, we have developed two new observation methods for the identical cell elements within the same sections, both plastic-embedded and paraffin-embedded, using light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and/or scanning electron microscopy (Fig. 1).

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