Microstructural rearrangement of sodium chloride condensation aerosol particles on interaction with water vapor

2000 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 673-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lutz Krämer ◽  
Ulrich Pöschl ◽  
Reinhard Niessner
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Aerosol Particles

scholarly journals A novel tandem differential mobility analyzer with organic vapor treatment of aerosol particles

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Joutsensaari ◽  
P. Vaattovaara ◽  
M. Vesterinen ◽  
K. Hämeri ◽  
A. Laaksonen
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Adipic Acid ◽  
Aerosol Particles ◽  
Ethanol Vapor ◽  
Differential Mobility Analyzer ◽  
Differential Mobility ◽  
Organic Vapor

Abstract. A novel method to characterize the organic composition of aerosol particles has been developed. The method is based on organic vapor interaction with aerosol particles and it has been named an Organic Tandem Differential Mobility Analyzer (OTDMA). The OTDMA method has been tested for inorganic (sodium chloride and ammonium sulfate) and organic (citric acid and adipic acid) particles. Growth curves of the particles have been measured in ethanol vapor and as a comparison in water vapor as a function of saturation ratio. Measurements in water vapor show that sodium chloride and ammonium sulfate as well as citric acid particles grow at water saturation ratios (S) of 0.8 and above, whereas adipic acid particles do not grow at S <  0.96. For sodium chloride and ammonium sulfate particles, a deliquescence point is observed at S = 0.75 and S = 0.79, respectively. Citric acid particles grow monotonously with increasing saturation ratios already at low saturation ratios and no clear deliquescence point is found. For sodium chloride and ammonium sulfate particles, no growth can be seen in ethanol vapor at saturation ratios below 0.93. In contrast, for adipic acid particles, the deliquescence takes place at around S = 0.95 in the ethanol vapor. The recrystallization of adipic acid takes place at S < 0.4. Citric acid particles grow in ethanol vapor similarly as in water vapor; the particles grow monotonously with increasing saturation ratios and no stepwise deliquescence is observed. The results show that the working principles of the OTDMA are operational for single-component aerosols. Furthermore, the results indicate that the OTDMA method may prove useful in determining whether aerosol particles contain organic substances, especially if the OTDMA is operated in parallel with a hygroscopicity TDMA, as the growth of many substances is different in ethanol and water vapors.

scholarly journals A novel tandem differential mobility analyzer with organic vapor treatment of aerosol particles

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Joutsensaari ◽  
P. Vaattovaara ◽  
K. Hämeri ◽  
A. Laaksonen
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Adipic Acid ◽  
Aerosol Particles ◽  
Ethanol Vapor ◽  
Differential Mobility ◽  
Organic Vapor ◽  
Organic Composition

Abstract. A novel method to characterize the organic composition of aerosol particles has been developed. The method is based on organic vapor interaction with aerosol particles and it has been named an Organic Tandem Differential Mobility Analyzer (OTDMA). The OTDMA method has been tested for inorganic (sodium chloride and ammonium sulfate) and organic (citric acid and adipic acid) particles. Growth curves of the particles have been measured in ethanol vapor and as a comparison in water vapor as a function of saturation ratio. Measurements in water vapor show that sodium chloride and ammonium sulfate as well as citric acid particles grow at water saturation ratios (S) of 0.8 and above, whereas adipic acid particles do not grow at S<0.96. For sodium chloride and ammonium sulfate particles, a deliquescence point is observed at S=0.75 and S=0.79, respectively. Citric acid particles grow monotonously with increasing saturation ratios already at low saturation ratios and no clear deliquescence point is found. For inorganic sodium chloride and ammonium sulfate particles, no growth can be seen in ethanol vapor at saturation ratios below 0.9. In contrast, for organic adipic acid particles, the deliquescence takes place at around S=0.95 in the ethanol vapor. Citric acid particles grow in ethanol vapor similarly as in water vapor; the particles grow monotonously with increasing saturation ratios and no stepwise deliquescence is observed. The results show that the working principles of the OTDMA are operational and the OTDMA method can be used to determine an organic composition of the aerosol particles. Operation of OTDMA and hygroscopicity TDMA together allows making a rough categorization of different substances found in atmospheric aerosol particles based on their growth in pure ethanol and pure water vapor.

scholarly journals Calibration of LACIS as a CCN detector and its use in measuring activation and hygroscopic growth of atmospheric aerosol particles

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 4519-4527 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Wex ◽  
A. Kiselev ◽  
M. Ziese ◽  
F. Stratmann
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Wall Temperature ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosol ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Cloud Condensation Nuclei ◽  
Aerosol Particles ◽  
Urban Aerosol ◽  
Hygroscopic Growth ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosol Particles ◽  
Droplet Activation

Abstract. A calibration for LACIS (Leipzig Aerosol Cloud Interaction Simulator) for its use as a CCN (cloud condensation nuclei) detector has been developed. For this purpose, sodium chloride and ammonium sulfate particles of known sizes were generated and their grown sizes were detected at the LACIS outlet. From these signals, the effective critical super-saturation was derived as a function of the LACIS wall temperature. With this, LACIS is calibrated for its use as a CCN detector. The applicability of LACIS for measurements of the droplet activation, and also of the hygroscopic growth of atmospheric aerosol particles was tested. The activation of the urban aerosol particles used in the measurements was found to occur at a critical super-saturation of 0.46% for particles with a dry diameter of 75 nm, and at 0.42% for 85 nm, respectively. Hygroscopic growth was measured for atmospheric aerosol particles with dry diameters of 150, 300 and 350 nm at relative humidities of 98 and 99%, and it was found that the larger dry particles contained a larger soluble volume fraction of about 0.85, compared to about 0.6 for the 150 nm particles.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Water Vapor on Sodium Chloride Powder and Several Related Phenomena

1973 ◽  
Vol 22 (238) ◽  
pp. 641-644
Author(s):  
Mamoru KAIHO ◽  
Masatoshi CHIKAZAWA ◽  
Takafumi KANAZAWA
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Adsorption Of Water ◽  
Adsorption Of Water Vapor

Phase, Morphology, and Hygroscopicity of Mixed Oleic Acid/Sodium Chloride/Water Aerosol Particles before and after Ozonolysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 116 (24) ◽  
pp. 6159-6168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin J. Dennis-Smither ◽  
Kate L. Hanford ◽  
Nana-Owusua A. Kwamena ◽  
Rachael E. H. Miles ◽  
Jonathan P. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Aerosol Particles ◽  
Phase Morphology ◽  
Water Aerosol ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Chloride Water

scholarly journals Oxidative aging of mixed oleic acid/sodium chloride aerosol particles

2012 ◽  
Vol 117 (D20) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin J. Dennis-Smither ◽  
Rachael E. H. Miles ◽  
Jonathan P. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Aerosol Particles ◽  
Oxidative Aging

scholarly journals Evaluation of the contribution of new particle formation to cloud droplet in urban atmosphere

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sihui Jiang ◽  
Fang Zhang ◽  
Jingye Ren ◽  
Lu Chen ◽  
Xing Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Cloud Condensation Nuclei ◽  
Aerosol Particles ◽  
Cloud Droplet ◽  
Particle Formation ◽  
Urban Atmosphere ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
New Particle Formation ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Considerable Impact

Abstract. New particle formation (NPF) is a large source of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and cloud droplet in the troposphere. In this study, we quantified the contribution of NPF to cloud droplet number concentration (CDNC, or Nd) at typical updraft velocities (V) in clouds using a field campaign data of aerosol number size distribution and chemical composition observed on May 25–June 18, 2017 in urban Beijing. We show that the NPF drives the variations of CCN and cloud droplet and increases Nd by 30–33 % at V = 0.3–3 m s−1 in urban atmosphere. A markedly reduction in Nd is observed due to water vapor competition with consideration of actual environmental updraft velocity, decreasing by 11.8 ± 5.0 % at V = 3 m s−1 and 19.0 ± 4.5 % at V = 0.3 m s−1 compared to that from a prescribed supersaturation. The effect of water vapor competition becomes smaller at larger V that can provide more sufficient water vapor. Essentially, water vapor competition led to the reduction in Nd by decreasing the environmental maximum supersaturation (Smax) for the activation of aerosol particles. It is shown that Smax was decreased by 14.5–11.7 % for V = 0.3–3 m s−1. Particularly, the largest suppression of cloud droplet formation due to the water vapor competition is presented at extremely high aerosol particle number concentrations. As a result, although a larger increase of CCN-size particles by NPF event is derived on clean NPF day when pre-existing background aerosol particles are very low, there is no large discrepancy in the enhancement of Nd by NPF between the clean and polluted NPF day. We finally show a considerable impact of the primary sources when evaluating the NPF contribution to cloud droplet based on a case study. Our study highlights the importance of fully consideration of both the environmental meteorological conditions and multiple sources (i.e. secondary and primary) to evaluate the NPF effect on clouds and the associated climate effects in polluted regions.

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