THE EFFECT OF PARENTERAL INJECTION OF AMINO ACIDS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES UPON CREATINE FORMATION AND STORAGE IN THE RAT

In this study, the effect of different drying processes (freeze-drying (FD), microwave-assisted drying (MWD) and classic hot air drying (HAD)) on the polyphenols, flavonoids, and amino acids content was investigated on bee-collected chestnut, willow and ivy pollen for human consumption. Furthermore, the pollen chemical properties were monitored after three and six months of storage, and then analyzed using a multivariate approach. Chestnut pollen was the richest source of polyphenols, flavonoids, and rutin, while ivy pollen contained the highest amount of total and free amino acids, and total and free proline. Drying and storage affected pollen chemical composition with species-dependent effects. MWD allowed the best retention of flavonoids in chestnut pollen for up to six months of storage. All drying techniques led to a depletion of flavonoids in willow pollen; however, MWD ensured the highest flavonoids content after six months. FD and MWD did not lead to flavonoids depletion in ivy pollen during storage. Additionally, storage did not affect the rutin content, which was highest in FD willow samples after six months. Notably, both FD and MWD techniques are efficient in preserving amino acids-related quality of bee pollen up to six months of storage.

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Coconut Neera—A Vital Health Beverage from Coconut Palms: Harvesting, Processing and Quality Analysis

Beverages ◽

10.3390/beverages5010022 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 22 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mohankumar Chinnamma ◽

Salini Bhasker ◽

Malavika Binitha Hari ◽

Divyaa Sreekumar ◽

Harish Madhav

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Cumulative Effect ◽

Field Trials ◽

Quality Analysis ◽

Oral Toxicity ◽

Nutrient Value ◽

Potassium Metabisulphite ◽

And Storage ◽

Fermentation Solution ◽

Sodium And Potassium

Nature has made nutritive products in such a way that it cannot be manufactured in laboratories or in mills. Coconut Neera is the natural sap of the mature coconut palms rich with all essential nutrients, minerals and vitamins for human health. Harvesting of Neera from the spadix of the palms without disturbing the physiology of the tree has a lot of potential at the industrial scale. However, the development of alcohol in the extracted sap during tapping by auto-fermentation has given a misnomer for Neera as “sweet toddy”. Hence, the commercial popularity of Neera as a health drink has diminished at a global level. Though several traditional techniques like the usage of calcium hydroxide (lime) and the application of the chiller device during harvesting Neera from spadix have been practiced for collecting non-fermented Neera, none of the techniques were found acceptable at the commercial level. The results of the present study demonstrate the harvesting and processing procedure standardized for the collection and storage of non-fermented Neera from palms by repeated field trials. The cumulative effect of the anti-fermentation solution (AFS) with the presence of the two preservatives—citric acid (5 mM) and potassium metabisulphite (2 mM)—by preventing fermentation from the level of harvesting to processing was confirmed. The zero content of alcohol in raw Neera indicates the AFS action. The proximate composition of primary constituents and the content of minerals, amino acids and vitamins present in Neera highlights its nutrient value as a health beverage. The higher content of minerals—sodium and potassium (15.2 mg and 100 mg), the elevated level of amino acids-cysteine (14 mg), tyrosine (7.11 mg), arginine (7 mg) and the presence of vitamin C (65 mg) and vitamin A as retinol (4.88 IU)—indicates the therapeutic importance of coconut Neera. The data of oral toxicity and the glycemic index further support the vital quality.

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Introduction to the Transdisciplinary International Conference on Aromatic Amino Acids and Related Substances: Chemistry, Biology, Medicine, and Application

Journal of Nutrition ◽

10.1093/jn/137.6.1501s ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 137 (6) ◽

pp. 1501S-1503S ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Katsuji Takai

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Aromatic Amino Acids ◽

International Conference ◽

Related Substances

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Enhanced Hydrate-Based Geological CO2 Capture and Sequestration as a Mitigation Strategy to Address Climate Change

Energies ◽

10.3390/en13215661 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (21) ◽

pp. 5661

Author(s):

Jyoti Shanker Pandey ◽

Yousef Jouljamal Daas ◽

Adam Paul Karcz ◽

Nicolas von Solms

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Co2 Capture ◽

Injection Pressure ◽

Address Climate Change ◽

Gas Uptake ◽

Co2 Capture And Storage ◽

Formation Kinetics ◽

And Storage ◽

Low Dosage ◽

Hydrate Stability

Geological sequestration of CO2-rich gas as a CO2 capture and storage technique has a lower technical and cost barrier compared to industrial scale-up. In this study, we have proposed CO2 capture and storage via hydrate in geological formation within the hydrate stability zone as a novel technique to contribute to global warming mitigation strategies, including carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) and to prevent vast methane release into the atmosphere caused by hydrate melting. We have attempted to enhance total gas uptake and CO2 capture efficiency in hydrate in the presence of kinetic promoters while using diluted CO2 gas (CO2-N2 mixture). Experiments are performed using unfrozen sands within hydrate stability zone condition and in the presence of low dosage surfactant and amino acids. Hydrate formation parameters, including sub-cooling temperature, induction time, total gas uptake, and split fraction, are calculated during the single-step formation and dissociation process. The effect of sands with varying particle sizes (160–630 µm, 1400–5000 µm), low dosage promoter (500–3000 ppm) and CO2 concentration in feed gas (20–30 mol%) on formation kinetic parameters was investigated. Enhanced formation kinetics are observed in the presence of surfactant (1000–3000 ppm) and hydrophobic amino acids (3000 ppm) at 120 bar and 1 ℃ experimental conditions. We report induction time in the range of 7–170 min and CO2 split fraction (0.60–0.90) in hydrate for 120 bar initial injection pressure. CO2 split fraction can be enhanced by reducing sand particle size or increasing the CO2 mol% in incoming feed gas at given injection pressure. This study also reports that formation kinetics in a porous medium are influenced by hydrate morphology. Hydrate morphology influences gas and water migration within sediments and controls pore space or particle surface correlation with the formation kinetics within coarse sediments. This investigation demonstrates the potential application of bio-friendly amino acids as promoters to enhance CO2 capture and storage within hydrate. Sufficient contact time at gas-liquid interface and higher CO2 separation efficiency is recorded in the presence of amino acids. The findings of this study could be useful in exploring the promoter-driven pore habitat of CO2-rich hydrates in sediments to address climate change.

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