Intake of amino acids by breast-milk-fed infants and amino acid composition of cow's milk and human milk

1941 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliot F. Beach ◽  
Samuel S. Bernstein ◽  
Icie G. Macy
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Cow's Milk

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION AMINO ACID COMPOSITION OF DONKEY’S MILK OF THE KEGETY GORGE

InterConf ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 363-369
Author(s):  
Nadira Turganbaeva ◽  
Dinara Isakova
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Donkey Milk ◽  
Cow's Milk

The objective of this paper was to study the amino acid composition of donkey milk inhabiting the Kegety gorge of the Chui region. As well as human milk, donkey and mare’s milk is albumin; the amount of casein is 35-45%, while cow’s milk is casein milk with casein content over 75%. The peculiarity of albumin milk is a higher biological and nutritional value, due to better amino acid balance, high sugar content and the ability to form small, delicate flakes when souring. In terms of its properties, albumin milk is closest to human milk and is the best substitute for it. The obtained results showed that the quantitative content of 7 essential amino acids out of 8, such as lysine, phenylalanine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, valine, threonine is relatively high compared to other amino acids. Despite the absence of tryptophan in donkey milk, the percentage of 8 essential amino acids in donkey milk protein exceeds that in mare and cow’s milk.

scholarly journals The amino acid composition of human milk corrected for amino acid digestibility

1998 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison J. Darragh ◽  
Paul J. Moughan
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Human Infant ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Model Animal ◽  
Protein Free Diet

Human milk was collected from women in their 10th–14th weeks of lactation, and was analysed for amino acids. Corrections were made for losses of amino acids which were presumed to occur during acid hydrolysis, using a non-linear mathematical model that describes the simultaneous processes of amino acid yield and decay. The mean amino acid composition of the human milk was found to be similar to previously reported estimates, although the cysteine content of the human milk in the present study was 20% higher than the average literature estimate. True (corrected for endogenous amino acid excretions) ileal amino acid digestibility of human milk was determined using the 3-week-old piglet as a model animal for the human infant. The piglets were given either human milk (n 6) or a protein-free diet (n 6) for a 6 d experimental period. Cr2O3 was added as an indigestible marker, to both the human milk and protein-free diet. At the end of the experimental period the piglets were anaesthetized and samples of digesta removed from the terminal ileum of each piglet. After sampling the piglets were killed. Endogenous ileal excretions of amino acids were determined in piglets fed on the protein-free diet. The true digestibilities of total N and amino acid N were 88% and 95% respectively. The true ileal digestibility of the non-amino acid N fraction in human milk, when calculated by difference was only 50%. The true digestibility of the amino acids in human milk ranged from 81–101% with threonine (86%) being the least digestible essential amino acid. When the true ileal digestibility values were used to correct the amino acid composition of human milk, the pattern of digestible amino acids in human milk was different compared with the currently recommended pattern of amino acid requirements for the infant.

scholarly journals Constancy of Amino Acid Composition of Cow's Milk Protein under Changing Ration

1964 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 1417-1418 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.R. Featherston ◽  
D.R. Frazeur ◽  
D.L. Hill ◽  
C.H. Noller ◽  
C.E. Parmelee
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Cow’S Milk Protein

scholarly journals The Amino Acid Composition of Keratins

1955 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 537 ◽  
Author(s):  
DH Simmonds
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Merino Wool

The amino acid composition of 16-hr 6N HCI hydrolysates of three qualities of commercially classified wools has now been determined using the technique of Moore and Stein (1951). In this paper the results obtained on samples of Merino 70's and Corriedale 56's wool are compared with those previously reported for Merino wool of 64's quality. The overall pattern of the amino acid composition of the three wools is similar although small variations between the wools are observed with some of the amino acids.

scholarly journals Amino acid production in isolated rat liver mitochondria

1973 ◽  
Vol 134 (2) ◽  
pp. 431-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Ferdinand ◽  
W. Bartley ◽  
V. Broomhead
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Lipid Hydroperoxide ◽  
Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Cysteic Acid ◽  
Rat Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Isolated Mitochondria ◽  
Selective Retention

Amino acid analyses of mitochondrial membranes are compared with the amino acid composition of whole mitochondria (Alberti, 1964) and found to be very similar except in the cystine content. The composition of the endogenous amino acids found in freshly prepared mitochondria has been established and shown to differ considerably from the amino acid composition of membranes or whole mitochondria. The amino acids produced during anaerobic incubation of mitochondria at pH7.4, on the other hand, resemble the membrane in composition, supporting the view that neutral proteinase activity is responsible for their appearance. Aerobic incubation produces a similar pattern of amino acids except that amino acids such as proline, serine, asparagine, glutamic acid and glutamine, which can be metabolically utilized under aerobic conditions, are present to a smaller extent. The presence of large relative concentrations of endogenous taurine, cysteic acid and oxidized glutathione and the accumulation of taurine during incubation is found. The selective retention of taurine and cysteic acid within the mitochondria is established. It is proposed that the first step in the degeneration of isolated mitochondria results from lipid hydroperoxide accumulation caused by the lack of glutathione reductase in isolated mitochondria.

Gastroduodenal Motility in Neonates: Response to Human Milk Compared With Cow's Milk Formula

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 434-438
Author(s):  
T. Tomomasa ◽  
P. E. Hyman ◽  
K. Itoh ◽  
J. Y. Hsu ◽  
T. Koizumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Infant Formula ◽  
High Amplitude ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Milk Formula ◽  
Wave Form ◽  
Fasting State ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Gastroduodenal Motility

It is known that breast milk empties more quickly from the stomach than does infant formula. We studied the difference in gastroduodenal motility between neonates fed with human milk and those fed with infant formula. Twenty-four five-to 36-day-old neonates were fed with mother's breast milk or with a cow's milk-based formula. Postprandlial gastroduodenal contractions were recorded manometrically for three hours. Repetitive, high-amplitude nonmigrating contractions were the dominant wave form during the postprandial period. The number of episodes, duration, amplitude, and frequency of nonmigrating contractions were not different following the different feedings. The migrating myoelectric complex, which signals a return to the interdigestive (fasting) state, appeared in 75% of breast milk-fed infants but only 17% of formula-fed infants (P < .05) within the three-hour recording period. Because contractions were similar following the two meals, but a fasting state recurred more rapidly in breast-fed infants, we conclude that factors other than phasic, nonpropagated antroduodenal contractions were responsible for the differences in gastric emptying between breast milk and formula.

Human Breast Milk Contains Bovine lgG. Relationship to Infant Colic?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-444
Author(s):  
Patrick S. Clyne ◽  
Anthony Kulczycki
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Infant Colic ◽  
Β Lactoglobulin

Previous studies have suggested that an unidentified cow's milk protein, other than β-lactoglobulin and casein, might play a pathogenetic role in infant colic. Therefore, a radioimmunoassay was used to analyze human breast milk and infant formula samples for the presence of bovine IgG. Milk samples from 88 of the 97 mothers tested contained greater than 0.1 µg/mL of bovine IgG. In a study group of 59 mothers with infants in the colic-prone 2- to 17-week age group, the 29 mothers of colicky infants had higher levels of bovine IgG in their breast milk (median 0.42 µg/mL) than the 30 mothers of noncolicky infants (median 0.32 µg/mL) (P < .02). The highest concentrations of bovine IgG observed in human milk were 8.5 and 8.2 µg/mL. Most cow's milk-based infant formulas contained 0.6 to 6.4 µg/mL of bovine IgG, a concentration comparable with levels found in many human milk samples. The results suggest that appreciable quantities of bovine IgG are commonly present in human milk, that significantly higher levels are present in milk from mothers of colicky infants, and that bovine IgG may possibly be involved in the pathogenesis of infant colic.

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