Identification of surface proteins of juvenile stages of Fasciola hepatica

1985 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.A. Lammas ◽  
W.P.H. Duffus ◽  
D.W. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Surface Proteins ◽  
Juvenile Stages

scholarly journals Chronic Wasting Due to Liver and Rumen Flukes in Sheep

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 549
Author(s):  
Alexandra Kahl ◽  
Georg von Samson-Himmelstjerna ◽  
Jürgen Krücken ◽  
Martin Ganter
Keyword(s):  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Infection Intensity ◽  
Liver Parenchyma ◽  
Trematode Species ◽  
Helminth Infections ◽  
Juvenile Worm ◽  
Juvenile Stages ◽  
Common Liver Fluke

Grazing sheep and goats are constantly exposed to helminth infections in many parts of the world, including several trematode species that causes a range of clinical diseases. The clinical picture of flukes is dependent upon the organs in which they develop and the tissues they damage within the respective organs. Accordingly, infections with the common liver fluke Fasciola hepatica, which, as juvenile worm migrates through the liver parenchyma for several weeks, may be associated with hepatic disorders such as impairment of carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism, followed by chronic wasting. In contrast, the lancet fluke Dicrocoelium dendriticum, which does not exhibit tissue migration and thus does not lead to major tissue damage and bleeding, also does not lead to significant clinical symptoms. Rumen flukes such as Cotylophoron daubneyi cause catarrhal inflammation during their migration through the intestinal and abomasal epithelium during its juvenile stages. Depending on the infection intensity this may result in a range of clinical symptoms including diarrhoea, inappetence or emaciation. In this review, we aim to provide an update on the current knowledge on flukes particularly concerning the clinical relevance of the most important fluke species in sheep.

scholarly journals Lack of efficacy of triclabendazole against Fasciola hepatica is present on sheep farms in three regions of England, and Wales

2019 ◽  
Vol 184 (16) ◽  
pp. 502-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juriah Kamaludeen ◽  
John Graham-Brown ◽  
Nathalie Stephens ◽  
Josephine Miller ◽  
Alison Howell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Spatially Correlated ◽  
Reduction Test ◽  
Faecal Egg Count ◽  
Juvenile Stages ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Triclabendazole Resistance ◽  
Parasite Emergence

The liver fluke Fasciola hepatica is a parasitic trematode that has a major impact on livestock production and human health. Control of F hepatica is difficult and relies on anthelmintics, particularly triclabendazole, due to its efficacy against both adult and juvenile stages of the parasite. Emergence of triclabendazole-resistant F hepatica populations has been reported in a number of countries, including the UK, but the overall prevalence and distribution of triclabendazole resistance is unknown. In this study, the authors established the presence of reduced efficacy of triclabendazole in sheep flocks in England and Wales, using a validated composite faecal egg count reduction test. Seventy-four sheep farms were sampled from Wales, southwest, northwest and northeast England between Autumn 2013 and Spring 2015. F hepatica eggs were detected in samples from 42/74 farms. Evidence of a lack of efficacy of triclabendazole was detected on 21/26 farms on which the faecal egg count reduction test was completed, with faecal egg count reductions ranging from 89 per cent to 0per cent. Regression analysis suggested that both prevalence of F hepatica and lack of efficacy of triclabendazole were spatially correlated, with higher faecal egg counts and lower percentage reductions on farms located in the northwest of England, and Wales. Overall, the results show that reduced efficacy of triclabendazole is present across England and Wales, with a complete lack of therapeutic efficacy observed on 9/26 farms.

Recent advances in the diagnosis, impact on production and prediction ofFasciola hepaticain cattle

Parasitology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 141 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. CHARLIER ◽  
J. VERCRUYSSE ◽  
E. MORGAN ◽  
J. VAN DIJK ◽  
D. J. L. WILLIAMS
Keyword(s):  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Associated Production ◽  
Spatial Risk ◽  
Disease Impact ◽  
Juvenile Stages ◽  
The Impact

SUMMARYFasciola hepaticais a pathogenic trematode parasite of ruminants with a global distribution. Here, we briefly review the current epidemiology of bovine fasciolosis in Europe and discuss the progress made over the last decade in the diagnosis, impact on production and prediction ofF. hepaticain cattle. Advances in diagnosis have led to significantly improved coprological and serological methods to detect presence of infection. Diagnostic test results have been correlated with intensity of infection and associated production losses, unravelling the impact on carcass weight and milk yield in modern cattle production systems. The economic impact of fasciolosis may, however, go beyond the direct impacts on production as evidence shows thatF. hepaticacan modulate the immune response to some co-infections. Control of bovine fasciolosis remains hampered by the limitations of the currently available flukicidal drugs: few drugs are available to treat dairy cows, many have low efficacies against juvenile stages ofF. hepaticaand there is evidence for the development of drug resistance. This makes research into the prediction of risk periods, and thus the optimum application of available drugs more pertinent. In this field, the recent research focus has been on understanding spatial risk and delivering region-specific spatial distribution maps. Further advances in epidemiological and economic research on bovine fasciolosis are expected to deliver farm-specific economic assessments of disease impact, to leverage non-chemotherapeutic management options and to enhance a more targeted use of anthelmintics.

Juvenile Stages of Fasciola hepatica in the Liver of the Mouse

Nature ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 190 (4776) ◽  
pp. 646-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
BEN DAWES
Keyword(s):  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Juvenile Stages

The identification of soluble adult antigen on the tegumental surface of juvenile Fasciola hepatica

Parasitology ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Immunofluorescence ◽  
Post Infection ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Mouse Tissue ◽  
Surface Coat ◽  
Soluble Extract ◽  
Hepatic Parenchyma ◽  
Tegumental Surface ◽  
Tissue Antigens ◽  
Juvenile Stages

SummaryAn antiserum was raised in rabbits against a soluble extract of fresh homogenized adult Fasciola hepatica of rat origin and was then absorbed with rat and mouse tissue antigens. This antiserum reacted specifically with the surface coat of adult flukes, of both rat and mouse origin, by indirect immunofluorescence to show the detail of surface spines. When tested against juvenile stages recovered from mice the reaction was positive with all but the earliest hepatic parenchyma stages. No reaction was present on the tegumental surface of newly excysted juveniles or stages 1 or 2 days post-infection (p.i.) whether recovered from the peritoneal cavity or the hepatic parenchyma.

A DIFFERENCE IN SURFACE PROTEINS OF FASCIOLA HEPATICA LARVAE FROM INTACT AND NUDE MICE

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell J Howard ◽  
Colin B Chapman ◽  
Graham F Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Nude Mice ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Surface Proteins

What do nanometer molecular trajectories tell us about heterogeneous cell surface domaines?

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 786-787
Author(s):  
Watt W. Webb
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Lipid Membranes ◽  
Surface Proteins ◽  
Protein Diffusion ◽  
Coated Pits ◽  
Cell Surface Proteins ◽  
Membrane Heterogeneity ◽  
Fluorescence Photobleaching Recovery ◽  
Photobleaching Recovery ◽  
Plasma Membrane Heterogeneity

Plasma membrane heterogeneity is implicit in the existence of specialized cell surface organelles which are necessary for cellular function; coated pits, post and pre-synaptic terminals, microvillae, caveolae, tight junctions, focal contacts and endothelial polarization are examples. The persistence of these discrete molecular aggregates depends on localized restraint of the constituent molecules within specific domaines in the cell surface by strong intermolecular bonds and/or anchorage to extended cytoskeleton. The observed plasticity of many of organelles and the dynamical modulation of domaines induced by cellular signaling evidence evanescent intermolecular interactions even in conspicuous aggregates. There is also strong evidence that universal restraints on the mobility of cell surface proteins persist virtually everywhere in cell surfaces, not only in the discrete organelles. Diffusion of cell surface proteins is slowed by several orders of magnitude relative to corresponding protein diffusion coefficients in isolated lipid membranes as has been determined by various ensemble average methods of measurement such as fluorescence photobleaching recovery(FPR).

Insights into the biochemical and functional characterization of sortase E transpeptidase of Corynebacterium glutamicum

2019 ◽  
Vol 476 (24) ◽  
pp. 3835-3847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliyath Susmitha ◽  
Kesavan Madhavan Nampoothiri ◽  
Harsha Bajaj
Keyword(s):  
Protein Engineering ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Protein Structures ◽  
Structural Similarity ◽  
Surface Proteins ◽  
Sortase A ◽  
Peptide Cleavage ◽  
New Findings

Most Gram-positive bacteria contain a membrane-bound transpeptidase known as sortase which covalently incorporates the surface proteins on to the cell wall. The sortase-displayed protein structures are involved in cell attachment, nutrient uptake and aerial hyphae formation. Among the six classes of sortase (A–F), sortase A of S. aureus is the well-characterized housekeeping enzyme considered as an ideal drug target and a valuable biochemical reagent for protein engineering. Similar to SrtA, class E sortase in GC rich bacteria plays a housekeeping role which is not studied extensively. However, C. glutamicum ATCC 13032, an industrially important organism known for amino acid production, carries a single putative sortase (NCgl2838) gene but neither in vitro peptide cleavage activity nor biochemical characterizations have been investigated. Here, we identified that the gene is having a sortase activity and analyzed its structural similarity with Cd-SrtF. The purified enzyme showed a greater affinity toward LAXTG substrate with a calculated KM of 12 ± 1 µM, one of the highest affinities reported for this class of enzyme. Moreover, site-directed mutation studies were carried to ascertain the structure functional relationship of Cg-SrtE and all these are new findings which will enable us to perceive exciting protein engineering applications with this class of enzyme from a non-pathogenic microbe.

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