scholarly journals Convergence and polarization in global income levels: a review of recent results on the role of international technology diffusion

2003 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1055-1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guan Gong ◽  
Wolfgang Keller
Keyword(s):  
Technology Diffusion ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
International Technology Diffusion

scholarly journals The Decisive Role of Sectoral Technology Intensity in the Impact of International Technology Diffusion on Innovation Performance: An Empirical Application on the Turkish Manufacturing Industry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fikret Bostan ◽  
Metin Karadağ
Keyword(s):  
Technology Diffusion ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
High Technology ◽  
Innovation Performance ◽  
High Tech ◽  
International Technology Diffusion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

The increasing pressure of competition in a globalizing world forces the countries that aim to grow rapidly to strengthen their market share. This requires technological innovation, and its primary source is scientific knowledge. Hence, the main aim of this study is to investigate the determining role of the sectoral technology intensity on the impact of international technology spillovers channels on innovation performance. For the aim of the study, 900 observations that belong to 320 firms for the period of 2009–2016 are obtained by matching approximately 350.000 of the survey data of the Business Statistics, Research and Development. Activities and Innovation provided by TUİK. Findings estimated by the System Generalized Method of Moments (SGMM) indicate that technology absorptive capacity has a positive and significant effect on the innovation performance of the firms operating only in high-tech industries. Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) has a stronger effect on firms' innovation performance in low-technology-intensive sectors than in high-tech-intensive sectors. There is no significant difference between sectoral technology intensities in the effect of export activities on innovation performance of firms. On the other hand, technology transfer expenditures have a statistically slightly positive and significant effect only for firms operating in high-technology-intensive sectors. Consequently, the government should support high technology intensive sectors instead of traditional low technology intensive sectors in order to benefit more from the international technology diffusion channels in Turkish manufacturing industry. This strategy can lead to a long-term economic growth.

A Study Of Expansion Of The Fmcg Market Across Rural Areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (8) ◽  
pp. 142-151
Author(s):  
Dr. Udayagiri Raghunath ◽  
Dr. V.Venkateswara Rao
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Customer Choice ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Rural Markets ◽  
Urban Markets ◽  
Tv Media ◽  
Rural Clients ◽  
Tv Watching

The corporate companies dealing with FMCG products have started focusing on rural markets as the urban markets have become saturated and highly competitive. Capturing the rural markets brings forth a whole new set of challenges as it is laborious to break in. This market presents the companies with gamut challenges on a new dimension which demand entirely different strategies as compared to the ones used in urban areas. Studying the rural markets for rural markets has become crucial more than ever. It is an objective learning, psychiatry of dispersion, impact of the FMCG in rural areas. This research uses diverse utensils, procedure toward analyze composed records. Several of the features used in analyzing the data are the consumer characteristics like educational qualifications, professions they are in, and the income levels. The role of TV media advertising is also analyzed. Many deals and promotions advertised on TV are investigated. The scope of authority wield by publicity happening customer choice production has looked into. The different levels of media exposure and preferable TV watching times and their favorite programs considered while analyzing the data. The spending prototype of rural clients on FMCG is examined and further categorized based on their income levels, educational qualifications, and legal awareness of consumer act. All the analyzed data, results, and suggestions presented in the visual formats.

scholarly journals Pembuatan Produk Permen Agar-agar Buah

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamik Ponco Rahayu ◽  
Nuraini Harmastuti ◽  
Endang Sri Rejeki ◽  
Taufik Turahman
Keyword(s):  
Community Service ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Factory Workers ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Service Activity ◽  
Training Activities ◽  
Family Home

<p align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p align="center"> </p><p>          The Ngampon people in Mojosongo Village, Jebres, Surakarta City face diverse livelihood problems, most of which are factory workers with low income levels and the role of mothers as housewives. Therefore, it is necessary to have training activities to make agar agar fruit products as an alternative home-based home industry to increase family income.</p><p>          This community service activity was designed by conducting training on making fruit jelly candy products.</p><p>          The target of the above activities is that the community will get additional skills in making agar-agar candy fruit that can be done easily and small capital so that it can be an alternative family home industry.</p><p> </p><p>Keywords: Fruit, jelly candy, home industry</p><p align="center"><strong> </strong></p><em></em>

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