In vitro and in vivo comparison of egg yolk-based and soybean lecithin-based extenders for cryopreservation of bovine semen

The effect of different extenders on sperm motility and fertility was evaluated during liquid storage of ram semen at 5 °C and 15 °C. The semen was collected, pooled and diluted in three commercial extenders: Inra 96® (INRA) based on skimmed milk, Biladyl® A fraction (BIL) based on egg yolk, and Ovixcell® (OVIX) based on soybean lecithin. Then, sperm motility was evaluated at 0, 6, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. In order to evaluate fertility, samples stored at 15 °C were used after dilution in INRA and OVIX. Results showed that progressive motility was significantly higher up to 72 h of storage in sperm samples maintained at 5 °C in comparison with 15 °C, similarly for each tested diluent. When samples were stored at 5 °C in OVIX, kinematic parameters such as velocity (except curvilinear velocity, VCL), trajectory [linearity (LIN), straightness (STR), wobble (WOB)], amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH) and beat/cross frequency (BCF) were higher than in INRA and BIL. No significant differences in pregnancy rate were detected between INRA (62.6%) and OVIX (58.9%). In conclusion, liquid storage at 5 °C with OVIX extender is an interesting option since non-animal components are used, and this extender offers similar in vitro and in vivo efficacy as other extenders containing animal components.

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Comparison of in vitro and in vivo fertilizing potential of bovine semen frozen in egg yolk or new lecithin based extenders

Livestock Science ◽

10.1016/j.livsci.2012.05.011 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 149 (1-2) ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

A.M. Crespilho ◽

M.F. Sá Filho ◽

J.A. Dell'Aqua ◽

M. Nichi ◽

G.A. Monteiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Egg Yolk ◽

Bovine Semen

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Comparison of bacteriological qualities of various egg yolk sources and the in vitro and in vivo fertilizing potential of bovine semen frozen in egg yolk or lecithin based diluents

Theriogenology ◽

10.1016/s0093-691x(98)00175-7 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 50 (5) ◽

pp. 699-706 ◽

Cited By ~ 87

Author(s):

S Bousseau ◽

J.P Brillard ◽

B Marquant-Le Guienne ◽

B Guérin ◽

A Camus ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Egg Yolk ◽

Bovine Semen

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Surface culture of Steinernema sp. on two solid media and their pathogenicity against Galleria mellonella

Journal of Helminthology ◽

10.1017/s0022149x21000560 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 95 ◽

Author(s):

C.I. Cortés-Martínez ◽

A.I. Rodríguez-Hernández ◽

M.R. López-Cuellar ◽

N. Chavarría-Hernández

Keyword(s):

Galleria Mellonella ◽

Egg Yolk ◽

Infective Juvenile ◽

Surface Culture ◽

Solid Media ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Bacterial Lawn ◽

The Mean

Abstract The use of native entomopathogenic nematodes as biocontrol agents is a strategy to decrease the environmental impact of insecticides and achieve sustainable agriculture crops. In this study, the effect of the surface culture of Steinernema sp. JAP1 over two solid media at 23–27°C on infective juvenile (IJ) production and pathogenicity against Galleria mellonella larvae were investigated. First, the bacterial lawn on the surface of the media with egg yolk (P2) or chicken liver (Cl) were incubated in darkness at 30°C for 48 and 72 h, and 100 surface-sterilized IJs were added. Four harvests were conducted within the next 35 days and the mean accumulated production was superior on Cl (210 × 103 IJs) than on P2 (135 × 103 IJs), but the productivity decreased up to 10% when the incubation time of the bacterial lawn was of 72 h. The mean pathogenicity of in vitro- and in vivo-produced IJs were of 47–64% and 31%, respectively. It is worth noting that none of the two solid media had a statistically significant difference in IJ pathogenicity. Considering that the maximum multiplication factor of IJs on solid media was 2108 and that the pathogenicity against G. mellonella was outstanding, Steinernema sp. has a good potential for in vitro mass production.

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Soybean lecithin stabilizes disulfiram nanosuspensions with a high drug-loading content: remarkably improved antitumor efficacy

Journal of Nanobiotechnology ◽

10.1186/s12951-019-0565-0 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Haowen Li ◽

Biao Liu ◽

Hui Ao ◽

Jingxin Fu ◽

Yian Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soybean Lecithin ◽

Drug Loading ◽

Antitumor Efficacy ◽

Oral Drug ◽

High Drug ◽

Breast Cancer Chemotherapy ◽

Intravenous Injections

AbstractDisulfiram (DSF) has been considered as “Repurposing drug” in cancer therapy in recent years based on its good antitumor efficacy. DSF is traditionally used as an oral drug in the treatment of alcoholism. To overcome its rapid degradation and instability, DSF nanosuspensions (DSF/SPC-NSps) were prepared using soybean lecithin (SPC) as a stabilizer of high drug-loaded content (44.36 ± 1.09%). Comprehensive characterization of the nanosuspensions was performed, and cell cytotoxicity, in vivo antitumor efficacy and biodistribution were studied. DSF/SPC-NSps, having a spherical appearance with particle size of 155 nm, could remain very stable in different physiological media, and sustained release. The in vitro MTT assay indicated that the cytotoxicity of DSF/SPC-NSps was enhanced remarkably compared to free DSF against the 4T1 cell line. The IC50 value decreased by 11-fold (1.23 vs. 13.93 μg/mL, p < 0.01). DSF/SPC-NSps groups administered via intravenous injections exhibited better antitumor efficacy compared to the commercial paclitaxel injection (PTX injection) and had a dose-dependent effect in vivo. Notably, DSF/SPC-NSps exhibited similar antitumor activity following oral administration as PTX administration via injection into a vein. These results suggest that the prepared nanosuspensions can be used as a stable delivery vehicle for disulfiram, which has potential application in breast cancer chemotherapy.

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Effectiveness of Egg Yolk Antibody Against Shiga Toxin II Variant Toxicity In Vitro and In Vivo

Current Microbiology ◽

10.1007/s00284-013-0384-8 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 67 (4) ◽

pp. 448-453 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Yufei Feng ◽

Wenxin Liu ◽

Dongfang Shi

Keyword(s):

Shiga Toxin ◽

Egg Yolk ◽

Egg Yolk Antibody ◽

Toxicity In Vitro

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Passive protection of purified yolk immunoglobulin administered against Shiga toxin 1 in mouse models

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/w10-087 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 56 (12) ◽

pp. 1003-1010 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Qin Wang ◽

Xiao-jun Hou ◽

Kun Cai ◽

Tao Li ◽

Yue-nan Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Shiga Toxin ◽

Protective Efficacy ◽

Wide Spectrum ◽

Egg Yolk ◽

Chromatography Method ◽

In Vivo Experiments ◽

Enteric Diseases ◽

Uremic Syndrome

Shiga toxins produced by Escherichia coli O157:H7 cause a wide spectrum of enteric diseases, such as lethal hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome. In this study, the B subunit protein of Shiga toxin type 1 (Stx1) was produced in the E. coli system, was further purified by Ni-column Affinity Chromatography method, and was then used as an immunogen to immunize laying hens for yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) production. Titers of IgY increased gradually with boosting vaccination and, finally, reached a level of 105, remaining steady over 1 year. Then the protective efficacy of IgY against Stx1 was evaluated by in vitro and in vivo experiments. It was shown that the anti-Stx1 IgY could effectively block the binding of Stx1 to the Hela cells and could protect BALB/c mice from toxin challenges. The data indicates the facility of using egg yolk IgY as a therapeutic intervention in cases of Shiga toxin intoxication.

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Flow cytometric and microscopic evaluation of post-thawed ram semen cryopreserved in chemically defined home-made or commercial extenders

Animal Production Science ◽

10.1071/an13215 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 55 (4) ◽

pp. 551 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

M. Emamverdi ◽

M. Zhandi ◽

A. Zare Shahneh ◽

M. Sharafi ◽

A. Akhlaghi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plasma Membrane ◽

Soybean Lecithin ◽

Sperm Quality ◽

Egg Yolk ◽

Mitochondrial Activity ◽

Flow Cytometric ◽

Microscopic Evaluation ◽

Open Question ◽

Ram Sperm

The present study was designed to determine the effect of three different extenders on ram sperm quality during a freeze–thawing procedure using flow cytometric and microscopic evaluations. Several in vitro qualitative analyses of post-thawed sperm parameters including motility and velocity parameters, plasma membrane functionality, total abnormality, capacitation status, acrosome integrity, mitochondrial activity and apoptosis features were considered. In the breeding season, seven ejaculates from each Zandi ram were collected routinely twice a week. Following semen collection, samples were pooled and equally divided into three aliquots. Each aliquot was diluted and frozen with one of the following extenders: (1) Tris-based extender containing 1.5% (w/v) soybean lecithin (TSL), as a chemically defined extender, (2) Bioxcell, a commercial soybean lecithin-based extender, and (3) Tris-based extender containing 20% (v/v) egg yolk (TEY). The results of the present study indicated no differences in total [TSL (55.8 ± 2.02%) vs TEY (50.2 ± 2.02%; P < 0.05)] and progressive motility of spermatozoa [TSL (26.2 ± 1.36%) vs Bioxcell (22.4 ± 1.36%; P < 0.05)]. Semen freezing by means of TSL resulted in a higher percentage of live spermatozoa (39.42 ± 1.81%) compared with TEY (29.17 ± 1.81%; P < 0.05), and a higher percentage of functional plasma membrane (50.8 ± 192%) compared with TEY (44 ± 1.92%) and Bioxcell (38.8 ± 1.92%; P < 0.05). The effect of extenders on sperm capacitation status showed that the percentage of post-thawed capacitated spermatozoa was higher in TEY (61.9 ± 1.48%) compared with that in TSL (56.6 ± 1.48%; P < 0.05). The evaluation of post-thawed spermatozoa indicated that the percentage of live spermatozoa with active mitochondria was higher in TSL (53.05 ± 2.31%) compared with Bioxcell (45.92 ± 2.31; P < 0.05) and the percentage of intact acrosome spermatozoa was higher in TSL (84.55 ± 2.51%) compared with TEY (74.91 ± 2.51%; P < 0.05). The use of TSL and Bioxcell extenders reduced the percentage of apoptotic spermatozoa (40.82 ± 2.07% and 42.22 ± 2.07%, respectively), compared with TEY (51.34 ± 2.07%; P < 0.05). Post-thawing dead spermatozoa were increased when semen was frozen by Bioxcell (25.69 ± 1.28%). The results of this study showed that TSL extender may provide stabile milieu and conditions for ram sperm cryopreservation compared with Bioxcell and TEY extenders. Whether TSL extender can improve the artificial insemination results remains, however, an open question.

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