Impacts of the Common Market Organization for Bananas on European Union Markets, International Trade, and Welfare

1999 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 619-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hervé Guyomard ◽  
Catherine Laroche ◽  
Chantal Le Mouël
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Common Market ◽  
The Common ◽  
Market Organization

Part IV Procedures before the Commission, 3 Recovery of Unlawful Aid and the Role of National Courts

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kreuschitz Viktor ◽  
Nehl Hanns Peter
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Common Market ◽  
The European Union ◽  
National Courts ◽  
The Common ◽  
State Aids

This chapter examines the recovery of unlawful and incompatible State aids, which is one of the cornerstones of free and undistorted competition in the European Union. The repayment of an aid declared unlawful and incompatible with the common market is of utmost importance, as it eliminates the distortion of competition caused by the competitive advantage afforded by the contested aid. In other words, by repaying an unlawful aid, the recipient forfeits the advantage it had enjoyed over its competitors on the market and therefore the previously existing situation is restored; it is common ground in this respect that this objective is attained once the aid in question—increased, where appropriate, by default interests—has been repaid by the recipient.

Part V Judicial Review before the Court of Justice of the European Union, 3 Decentralized Judicial Review and Enforcement of EU State Aid Rules

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kreuschitz Viktor ◽  
Nehl Hanns Peter
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Judicial Review ◽  
State Aid ◽  
Common Market ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
National Courts ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
The Common

This chapter assesses the enforcement of EU State aid rules. The Commission is not the only authority involved in the monitoring of State aid. As regards the supervision of Member States' compliance with their obligations under Articles 107 and 108 TFEU, the national courts also have an important role to play. The implementation of that system of control is a matter for both the Commission and the national courts, their respective roles being complementary but separate. Whilst assessment of the compatibility of aid measures with the common market falls within the exclusive competence of the Commission, subject to review by the Courts of the European Union, it is for national courts to ensure the safeguarding, until the final decision of the Commission, of the rights of individuals faced with a possible breach by State authorities of the prohibition laid down by Article 108(3) TFEU.

The Path to European Union: From the Marshall Plan to the Common Market

1963 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 1032
Author(s):  
Joel Colton ◽  
Hans A. Schmitt ◽  
Don D. Humphrey
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Common Market ◽  
Marshall Plan ◽  
The Common

scholarly journals SOCIAL CAPITAL IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES IN POLAND AND LITHUANIA

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna KŁOCZKO-GAJEWSKA
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
European Union ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Common Market ◽  
Development Factor ◽  
The Common

Poland and Lithuania are neighbouring countries that belonged to socialist block and entered European Union in 2004, and where approximantely 1/3 of the population lives in rural areas. The author analysed to what extent social capital, a recognised development factor, is included in Rural Development Programmes (Plans) for these countries between 2004 and 2020. It was revealed that the first plans did not pay too much attention to social issues, as they concentrated mostly on farming and entering the common market. In the Lithuanian plan there was also the LEADER initiative. In the next plans more concern on cooperation appeared. In both of the countries

scholarly journals Connected Automated Driving: Civil Liability Regulation in the European Union

Teisė ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 85-102
Author(s):  
Olga Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Civil Liability ◽  
Common Market ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Automated Driving ◽  
European Union Level ◽  
The Common

The aim of this article is to provide with the option of civil liability regulation of connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs) and autonomous vehicles (AVs) at the European Union level in the light of introduction of Connected Automated Driving (CAD) on the common market.

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