Disinfection of bronchoscopes, contaminated in vitro with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare and Mycobacterium chelonae in sputum, using stabilized, buffered peracetic acid solution ('Nu-Cidex')

ABSTRACT Organisms of the Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex (MAC) have been demonstrated to be susceptible to moxifloxacin. However, clinical data on how to utilize moxifloxacin to treat disseminated MAC are scanty. In addition, there have been no moxifloxacin pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) studies performed for MAC infection. We utilized an in vitro PK/PD model of intracellular MAC to study moxifloxacin PK/PD for disseminated disease. Moxifloxacin doses, based on a serum half-life of 12 h, were administered, and the 0- to 24-h area under the concentration-time curve (AUC0-24) to MIC ratios associated with 1.0 log10 CFU/ml per week kill and 90% of maximal kill (EC90) were identified. The AUC0-24/MIC ratio associated with 1.0 log10 CFU/ml kill was 17.12, and that with EC90 was 391.56 (r 2 = 0.97). Next, the moxifloxacin MIC distribution in 102 clinical isolates of MAC was identified. The median MIC was 1 to 2 mg/liter. Monte Carlo simulations of 10,000 patients with disseminated MAC were performed to determine the probability that daily moxifloxacin doses of 400 and 800 mg/day would achieve or exceed 1.0 log10 CFU/ml per week kill or EC90. Doses of 400 and 800 mg/day achieved the AUC0-24/MIC ratio of 17.12 in 64% and 92% of patients, respectively. The critical concentration of moxifloxacin against MAC was identified as 0.25 mg/liter in Middlebrook media. The proposed susceptibility breakpoint means that a larger proportion of clinical isolates is resistant to moxifloxacin prior to therapy. For patients infected with susceptible isolates, however, 800 mg a day should be examined for safety and efficacy for disseminated M. avium disease.

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Evaluation of Gen-Probe DNA hybridization systems for the identification of mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacterium avium-intracellulare

Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease ◽

10.1016/0732-8893(87)90152-0 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 69-77 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Raimundo Gonzalez ◽

Bruce A. Hanna

Keyword(s):

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽

Mycobacterium Avium ◽

Dna Hybridization ◽

Mycobacterium Avium Intracellulare

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Mycobacterium aviumSubsp.aviumInfection in Four Veal Calves: Differentiation from Intestinal Tuberculosis

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2014/715841 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Christine Goepfert ◽

Nadine Regenscheit ◽

Vanessa Schumacher ◽

Simone Roos ◽

Christophe Rossier ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽

Mycobacterium Avium ◽

Intestinal Tuberculosis ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Domestic Animals ◽

Intracellular Pathogen ◽

Veal Calves ◽

Mycobacterium Avium Intracellulare ◽

Granulomatous Enteritis ◽

Positive Results

Mycobacterium aviumsubsp.avium(Maa) is an intracellular pathogen belonging to theMycobacterium avium-intracellularecomplex (MAC). Reservoirs of MAC are the natural environment, wildlife and domestic animals. In adult bovine, MAC infections are typically caused byMycobacterium aviumsubsp.paratuberculosis(Map). Maa infections in bovine are rarely reported but may cause clinical disease and pathological lesions similar to those observed in paratuberculosis or those induced by members of theMycobacterium tuberculosiscomplex (MTBC). Therefore, differentiation of MAC from MTBC infection should be attempted, especially if unusual mycobacterial lesions are encountered. Four veal calves from a fattening farm dying with clinical signs of otitis media, fever, and weight loss were submitted for necropsy. Samples from affected organs were taken for histologic investigation, bacteriologic culture, and bacterial specification using PCR. Macroscopic thickening of the intestinal mucosa was induced by granulomatous enteritis and colitis. Intracytoplasmic acid-fast bacteria were detected by Ziehl-Neelsen stains and PCR revealed positive results forMycobacterium aviumsubsp.avium. Clinical and pathological changes of Maa infection in veal calves had features ofMycobacterium aviumsubsp.paratuberculosisand the MTBC. Therefore,Mycobacterium tuberculosiscomplex infection should be considered in cases of granulomatous enteritis in calves.

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In Vitro Biofilm Formation in Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Complex

Archivos de Bronconeumología ◽

10.1016/j.arbres.2020.07.028 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Elena Portell-Buj ◽

Alexandre López-Gavín ◽

Julian González-Martín ◽

Griselda Tudó

Keyword(s):

Mycobacterium Avium ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Mycobacterium Avium Intracellulare

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Study on N-(pyridin-4-Yl) Salicylamides as Antimycobacterial Agents

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.634-638.1371 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 634-638 ◽

pp. 1371-1375

Author(s):

Zhi Jun Xin ◽

Zhong Jia ◽

Dian He ◽

Jian Ping Liang ◽

Lei Tao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽

Mycobacterium Avium ◽

Substituent Effect ◽

Pyridine Ring ◽

Wide Spectrum ◽

Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations ◽

Antimycobacterial Agents

A series of N-(pyridin-4-yl) salicylamides derivatives were prepared through acylation of the corresponding acetylsalicyloyl chlorides with substituted 4-amino-pyridines. These compounds were evaluated in vitro for antimycobacterial activities against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) and Mycobacterium avium (A) by the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) values. Eight of the compounds exhibited lower MIC against A than isoniazide (INH). Meanwhile, four of the compounds exhibited good anti-TB activity, when they were compared with INH. Antimycobacterial activities of N-(pyridin-4-yl) salicylamides were influenced by the balance between hydrophobicity and electron-withdrawing substituent effect on the phenyl and pyridine ring. These studies show that these compounds might serve as prospective wide-spectrum antimycobacterial substances.

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