In vitro genotoxic effects of the insecticide deltamethrin in human peripheral blood leukocytes: DNA damage (‘comet’ assay) in relation to the induction of sister-chromatid exchanges and micronuclei

Toxicology ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 130 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 129-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milena Villarini ◽  
Massimo Moretti ◽  
Rossana Pasquini ◽  
Giuseppina Scassellati-Sforzolini ◽  
Cristina Fatigoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Sister Chromatid ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Sister Chromatid Exchanges ◽  
Peripheral Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Chromatid Exchanges

Genotoxic Effects of Benzo[a]pyrene and Dibenzo[a,l]pyrene in a Human Lung Cell Line

2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvana Andrea Mourón ◽  
Claudia Alejandra Grillo ◽  
Fernando Noel Dulout ◽  
Carlos Daniel Golijow
Keyword(s):  
Comet Assay ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Sister Chromatid ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Sister Chromatid Exchanges ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Ras Gene ◽  
Human Lung Fibroblast ◽  
Chromatid Exchanges

Several studies have shown that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) produce genotoxic effects in assays performed in vivo and in vitro. This study was undertaken to investigate the ability of benzo[ a]pyrene (BP) and dibenzo[ a,l]pyrene (DBP) to induce DNA damage in a human lung fibroblast cell line (MRC-5), using sister-chromatid exchanges test (SCEs), the comet assay, and evaluating point mutations in codon 12 of the K- ras protooncogene by polymerase chain reaction–single-strand conformation polymorphisms (PCR-SSCPs) and restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP)-enriched PCR methods. Sister-chromatid exchanges frequencies were significantly increased in cells exposed to benzo[ a]pyrene and dibenzo[ a,l]pyrene in relation to controls ( p < .001). Using the standard alkaline comet assay, significant differences between groups were found for the variable comet moment (CM) when cells were exposed to BP ( p < .001) and DBP ( p < .001). Nevertheless, PCR-SSCP and RFLP-enriched PCR methods did not show any association between treatments with BP and DBP and K- ras point mutations. The data presented in this study indicated that BP and DBP induced both DNA strand breaks and sister-chromatid exchanges but not significant point mutations at codon 12 of K- ras gene in the MRC-5 cell line.

scholarly journals Antigenotoxic properties of anthocyanin-enriched fraction of strawberry (cv. Romina) extract on DNA damage induced by H2O2 in human peripheral blood leukocytes

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-206
Author(s):  
Biljana Spremo-Potparević ◽  
Andrea Čabarkapa-Pirković ◽  
Dragana Dekanski ◽  
Dijana Topalović ◽  
Vladan Bajić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Peripheral Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Damage Reduction

Strawberry fruit Fragaria × ananassa Duchesne, Rosaceae (cv. Romina), rich in anthocyanin polyphenols, has been demonstrated to have favorable effects on health due to its antioxidant properties. The present study investigated the antigenotoxic potential of anthocyanin enriched fraction of Romina strawberry methanolic extract (ACY) against DNA damage on human peripheral blood leukocytes, induced by hydrogen peroxide in vitro. Five concentrations of the ACY extract were used in all experiments (2.5, 5, 10, 15, 20 µg/ml). The results of the alkaline comet assay showed no genotoxic effect of the ACY. After the pre-exposure of the leukocytes to the ACY, and subsequent incubation with H2O2, a decreased number of DNA damaged cells was recorded in all the tested concentrations, compared to controls. In the posttreatment, there was a concentration-dependent DNA damage reduction, while a statistically significant decrease was achieved with 15 and 20 µg/ml concentrations. The results indicate that ACY is efficient in oxidative DNA damage reduction, and it is more potent as a post-applicative than a protective agent.

scholarly journals PRESENCE OF A BASE LINE LEVEL OF SISTER CHROMATID EXCHANGES IN SOMATIC CELLS OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER IN VIVO AND IN VITRO

Genetics ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-278
Author(s):  
Hideo Tsuji
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Sister Chromatid ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Sister Chromatid Exchanges ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Cell Cycles ◽  
Chromatid Exchanges ◽  
Third Instar Larvae

ABSTRACT Sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) under in vivo and in vitro conditions were examined in ganglion cells of third-instar larvae of Drosophila melanogaster (Oregon-R). In the in vivo experiment, third-instar larvae were fed on synthetic media containing 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdUrd). After two cell cycles, ganglia were dissected and treated with colchicine. In the in vitro experiment, the ganglia were also incubated in media containing BrdUrd for two cell cycles, and treated with colchicine. SCEs were scored in metaphase stained with Hoechst 33258 plus Giemsa. The frequencies of SCEs stayed constant in the range of 25-150 vg/ml and 0.25-2.5 vg/ml of BrdUrd in vivo and in vitro, respectively. SCEs gradually increased at higher concentrations, strongly suggesting that at least a fraction of the detected SCEs are spontaneous. The constant levels of SCE frequency were estimated, on the average, at 0.103 per cell per two cell cycles for females and 0.101 for males in vivo and at 0.096 for females and 0.091 for males in vitro. No difference was found in the SCE frequency between sexes at any of the BrdUrd concentrations. The analysis for the distribution of SCEs within chromosomes revealed an extraordinarily high proportion of the SCEs at the junctions between euchromatin and heterochromatin; the remaining SCEs were preferentially localized in the euchromatic regions of the chromosomes and in the heterochromatic Y chromosome. These results were largely inconsistent with those of Gatti et al. (1979).

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