Height growth and competitive relationship between paper birch and Douglas-fir in coast and interior of British Columbia

2002 ◽  
Vol 165 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 285-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R Wang ◽  
J.P Kimmins
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Competitive Relationship ◽  
Paper Birch

Ectomycorrhizal colonization of greenhouse-grown Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) seedlings by inoculum associated with the roots of refuge plants sampled from a Douglas-fir forest in the southern interior of British Columbia

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 742-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon M Hagerman ◽  
Daniel M Durall
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Fungal Colonization ◽  
Inoculum Potential ◽  
Paper Birch ◽  
Salix Bebbiana ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Morphotypes

Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) seedlings were grown in the greenhouse in a sterilized mixture of forest soil and vermiculite, which had been inoculated with root fragments from one of six different ectomycorrhizal under story plant species (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng, P. menziessi, Salix bebbiana Bebb, Alnus viridis subsp. sinuata (Regel) Ä. Löve & and D. Löve (alder), Betula papyrifera Marsh. (paper birch), Populus tremuloides Michx.) and arbuscular mycorrhizal Calamagrostis rubescens Buckl. (pinegrass) sampled from a dry Douglas-fir forest in the southern interior of British Columbia. The overall objective of the present study was to investigate the inoculum potential of these ectomycorrhizal roots for colonizing Douglas-fir seedlings. A total of seven ectomycorrhizal morphotypes formed on the bioassay seedlings, which were colonized by all treatments except the control. Seedlings growing in soil inoculated with root fragments of Douglas-fir, Arctostaphylos, and paper birch had greater ectomycorrhizal richness and a higher percentage of colonized fine roots relative to the pinegrass and alder treatments. The community of ectomycorrhizal fungi that colonized the bioassay seedlings differed from that associated with some of the same refuge plants assessed in a previously reported field-based study at this site. Different ectomy corrhizal fungal colonization strategies and the retention of refuge plants are discussed in relation to the colonization of outplanted seedlings following clearcutting.Key words: ectomycorrhizae, refuge plants, inoculum potential, soil bioassay, Pseudotsuga menziesii.

scholarly journals Effects of manual brushing on 10-year survival and growth of Douglas-fir in the mixed broadleaf – shrub complex of southern interior British Columbia

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (02) ◽  
pp. 152-164
Author(s):  
George Harper ◽  
Kevin Brown
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Boundary Line ◽  
Exponential Relationship ◽  
Competitive Effects ◽  
Paper Birch ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Negative Exponential ◽  
Density Boundary

Manual brushing is used to minimize the competitive effects of paper birch (Betula papyrifera Marsh) and associated broadleaved trees on young Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca) in southern interior British Columbia. Effects of brushing broadleaved trees, predominantly birch, on interior Douglas-fir survival and growth were studied on four sites. Treatments were applied when plantations were five to nine years old. Through 10 years post treatment, brushing did not affect Douglas-fir survival, but increase height by 22 % and stem diameter by 31 % and the differences were greater than seen at five years. After 10 years, linear models described a declining Douglas-fir height or diameter with increasing broadleaved tree density. Boundary line analysis was used to describe maximum treatment response to broadleaved density and two distance independent competition indices for birch and broadleaves, combining either cover or density with relative heights (CRH, DRH, respectively). A negative exponential relationship was fit to 10-year Douglas-fir heights and diameters with increasing values CRH or DRH. Competition thresholds for density, CRH and DRH were not apparent. The quantile regression results indicated the 10-year response of young Douglas-fir diameter to brushing occurred primarily with the largest 55 % to 85 % of the population, CRH and DRH respectively.

scholarly journals RELATIVE QUALITY OF THE MAJOR FOREST ASSOCIATIONS OF THE SOUTHERN B.C. INTERIOR FOR GROWTH OF LODGEPOLE PINE, ENGELMANN SPRUCE, DOUGLAS-FIR AND ALPINE FIR

1966 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Stanek
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Common Occurrence ◽  
Engelmann Spruce ◽  
Relative Quality

Height growth of lodgepole pine, Engelmann spruce, Douglas-fir and alpine fir was investigated in the Douglas-fir and Engelmann Spruce-Alpine Fir Zones of the Interior of British Columbia. In the same forest association each species has a characteristic site index at the age of 100 years (SI/100). Regression equations were calculated for predicting SI/100 of several species in different associations. Regression equations were also developed for estimating SI/100 of Engelmann spruce, Douglas-fir and alpine fir from known SI/100 of lodgepole pine. The latter species was selected because of its common occurrence in the two zones. In addition regression equation was calculated for predicting SI/100 of lodgepole pine from known SI/100 of Engelmann spruce. All regression equations apply to naturally established stands in the study area.

Douglas-fir height growth affected by western spruce budworm

1983 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Van Sickle ◽  
R.I. Alfaro ◽  
A.J. Thomson
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Western Spruce Budworm ◽  
Total Height

Detailed dissections of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) trees repeatedly defoliated by the western spruce budworm (Choristoneuraoccidentalis (Freeman)) in two areas of British Columbia indicated that budworm severely affected height growth. Dissected trees lost an average 7.3 internodes in each infestation, of which 4.2 were destroyed or failed to grow during the budworm feeding and recovery periods, and 3.1 were existing internodes lost to dieback. An average of one internode of subnormal size, produced during the recovery period, was also present. Total height was reduced by 32% (11.4 m) and 19% (5.9 m) in areas that sustained four and two infestations respectively. Budworm infestations lead to an underestimation of the site index for Douglas-fir in the affected areas.

Assessment of interspecific competition using relative height and distance indices in an age sequence of seral interior cedar–hemlock forests in British Columbia

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1228-1240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne W Simard ◽  
Donald L Sachs
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Interspecific Competition ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Thuja Plicata ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Relative Height ◽  
Larix Occidentalis ◽  
Critical Height ◽  
Paper Birch ◽  
Neighbourhood Analysis

Treatments that reduce neighbour density are widely applied in the belief they will improve conifer growth in mixed forests. However, our understanding of stand composition and age effects on competition is poor. We used neighbourhood analysis for 748 target conifer trees to examine interspecific competition within 11-, 25-, and 50-year-old mixed, even-aged stands of paper birch (Betula papyrifera Marsh.), Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca (Beissn.) Franco), western redcedar (Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don), and western larch (Larix occidentalis Nutt.) in southern interior British Columbia. Critical neighbourhood height and distance were identified where competition accounted for the greatest variation in target conifer diameter. Competition processes were emperically examined using relative height indices. We found that critical neighbourhood distance increased with stand age and was greater for larch than for cedar. Critical neighbourhood height was higher for cedar than for Douglas-fir or larch in the 11-year-old stands but lower in the older stands. The most important competitors in the 11-year-old stands were tall neighbours, whereas those in the older stands were short neighbours. We found asymmetrical relationships between target conifers and neighbours for all species and age-classes, indicating a resource preemption mode of competition. To be useful in developing prescriptions for competition management in mixed species stands, competition indices should consider neighbour identity and critical height for each target species. Assessment radius must also be sufficiently large to adequately characterize competition.

scholarly journals Development of Height-Age Models for Estimating Juvenile Height of Coastal Douglas-Fir in British Columbia

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon D. Nigh ◽  
Matthew G.E. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Nonlinear Least Squares ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Constant Variance ◽  
Power Models

Abstract Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menzeisii) is an important and abundant tree species in coastal British Columbia. Juvenile height estimates are important for management prescriptions and decisions involving regenerating stands. We used 100 plots to investigate the juvenile height growth of coastal Douglas-fir. The growth patterns of the sample trees were observed by felling and splitting them longitudinally and measuring the height of the annual nodes from the point of germination. Sixty-four plots were used to develop a height model as a function of total age and site index. The Chapman-Richards, Gompertz, and modified exponential and power models were fit using nonlinear least squares regression. The models were tested with the remaining 36 plots. The modified exponential and power equation was the best fitting of the three models. None of the models met the regression assumption of independently normally distributed residuals with a mean of zero and a constant variance. The modified exponential and power model was further analyzed using the complete data set by fitting height growth and incorporating a model for serial correlation in the error term to improve the statistical properties of the model. West. J. Appl. For. 18(3):207–212.

Estimating Dominant Height and Site Index of Even-Aged Interior Douglas-Fir in British Columbia

1992 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
James S. Thrower ◽  
James W. Goudie
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Linear Model ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Logistic Function ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Stem Analysis ◽  
Inland Empire ◽  
Dominant Height

Abstract Height-age and site-index curves were developed from stem analysis of 262 Douglas-fir trees (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca) from 68 plots in the Interior Douglas-fir, Interior Cedar-Hemlock, and Sub-boreal Spruce Biogeoclimatic zones in the interior of British Columbia. Plots ranged in site index from about 8 to 30 m and in age from about 60 to 350 years; however, the analyses were limited to data up to 100 years of age. A conditioned logistic function was selected for predicting height, and a linear model was selected for predicting site index. The curves are similar to those developed in comparable studies in the Inland Empire, but differ substantially from curves developed in British Columbia from temporary sample plots. This study supports previous observations that the pattern of height growth for a given site index varies among ecologically different areas. West. J. Appl. For. 7(1):20-25.

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