Comparison of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae susceptibilities from community-acquired respiratory tract infections and hospitalized patients with pneumonia: five-year results for the SENTRY antimicrobial surveillance program

2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelley A. Gordon ◽  
Douglas J. Biedenbach ◽  
Ronald N. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Antimicrobial Surveillance ◽  
Tract Infections

scholarly journals High Prevalence of Oxacillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Hospitalized Patients in Asia-Pacific and South Africa: Results from SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program, 1998-1999

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 879-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan M. Bell ◽  
John D. Turnidge
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Antimicrobial Surveillance ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Tract Infections

ABSTRACT As part of the SENTRY antimicrobial surveillance program, we examined the prevalence rates, types, and antibiograms of oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from hospitalized patients from 17 institutions in eight countries in Asia-Pacific and South Africa (APAC). From April 1998 to December 1999, a total of 1,711 isolates of S. aureus (814 from blood, 392 from the respiratory tract, 467 from skin and skin structures, and 38 from urine) were collected from hospitalized patients within the APAC region. Multidrug-resistant oxacillin-resistant S. aureus (MORSA) isolates, defined as strains with three or more resistances to drug classes other than β-lactams, were the most common type of oxacillin-resistant S. aureus (ORSA). They were the most frequently identified pathogen in wound infections and were common in bloodstream and lower respiratory tract infections. In all contributing institutions combined, more than 45% (range, 4 to 74%) of S. aureus isolates were oxacillin resistant, and in six institutions, this rate exceeded 60%. MORSA accounted for 91.2% of all oxacillin-resistant isolates. Distinct resistance patterns predominated at various sites within the APAC region, suggesting the local evolution of resistant clones. Non-multidrug-resistant strains were frequent in one part of Australia. No vancomycin-intermediate strains were detected, and no strains were resistant to linezolid or quinupristin-dalfopristin. MORSA strains are a very common cause of infection in hospitalized patients in the APAC region.

scholarly journals Activities of BMS 284756 (T-3811) against Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, andStreptococcus pneumoniae Isolates from SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program Medical Centers in Latin America (1999)

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 1463-1466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Gales ◽  
Helio Sader ◽  
Ronald N. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Moraxella Catarrhalis ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Medical Centers ◽  
Antimicrobial Surveillance ◽  
Tract Infections

ABSTRACT The antimicrobial activity of BMS 284756, a novel des-F(6)-quinolone, was comparatively evaluated against 257Streptococcus pneumoniae, 198 Haemophilus influenzae, and 88 Moraxella catarrhalis strains isolated in Latin America between July and September of 1999 as part of the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program. Nearly 28.0% ofS. pneumoniae strains were nonsusceptible to penicillin. The rank order of quinolone potency versus S. pneumoniaewas BMS 284756 (MIC at which 90% of isolates were inhibited [MIC90], 0.12 μg/ml) > trovafloxacin (MIC90, 0.25 μg/ml) > gatifloxacin (MIC90, 0.5 μg/ml) > levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin (MIC90, 1 to 2 μg/ml). All S. pneumoniaestrains that were not susceptible to other quinolones were inhibited by BMS 284756 at ≤2 μg/ml. The overall prevalence of β-lactamase production was 15.2% in H. influenzae and 98.9% inM. catarrhalis. BMS 284756 showed excellent potency and spectrum against this group of pathogens, inhibiting all isolates at ≤0.12 μg/ml. BMS 284756 exhibited activity similar to those displayed by the new fluoroquinolones, such as levofloxacin, trovafloxacin, or gatifloxacin, and could be a therapeutic option for empirical treatment of community-acquired respiratory tract infections.

scholarly journals In Vivo Efficacy of Telithromycin (HMR3647) againstStreptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (11) ◽  
pp. 3250-3252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki Okamoto ◽  
Shuichi Miyazaki ◽  
Kazuhiro Tateda ◽  
Yoshikazu Ishii ◽  
Keizo Yamaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
In Vivo Efficacy ◽  
Erythromycin A ◽  
Tract Infections

ABSTRACT The in vivo activity of telithromycin against erythromycin A- and penicillin G-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae was superior to that of azithromycin, clarithromycin, cefdinir, and levofloxacin. In respiratory tract infections caused by erythromycin A-susceptible S. pneumoniae or Haemophilus influenzae in mice, telithromycin was more effective than clarithromycin and comparable to azithromycin.

scholarly journals Trend in Antibiotic Resistance of Streptococcus Pneumoniae and Haemophilus Influenzae Strains Isolated from Community Acquired Respiratory Tract Infections in Dakar, Senegal between 2005 and 2008

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. MBI.S3819
Author(s):  
A. Guèye Ndiaye ◽  
Hounkponou Edwige ◽  
Fatou Bintou Guèye ◽  
Cheikh Saad Bouh Boye
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Tract Infections

Development of antibiotic resistance among common respiratory pathogens is a major cause of concern worldwide. Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae are among the most common respiratory pathogens. In this study, representative samples obtained from 3 different medical centers in Dakar, Senegal were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing. The samples were collected from 2005 to 2008 and the data obtained was compared to establish resistance patterns between the two years (i.e. 2005–2006 to 2007–2008). S. pneumoniae exhibited a significant increase in the resistance to azithromycin and the intermediate susceptibility to penicillin G and cotrimoxazole. H. influenzae also exhibited a significant increase in resistance to azithromycin and intermediate susceptibility to chloramphenicol. None of H. influenzae samples were resistant to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cephalosporin and fluroquinolones and most of the S. pneumoniae isolates demonstrated high susceptibility to the antibiotics tested. Results from this study will provide greater insights to antibiotic therapy during respiratory tract infections in Dakar, Senegal. This study also establishes the importance of continuous monitoring of antibiotic susceptibility patterns that are often region-specific.

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