The energy spectrum of cosmic rays above 1015 eV derived from air Cherenkov light measurements in Yakutsk

2003 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
pp. 226-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Ivanov ◽  
S.P. Knurenko ◽  
I.Ye. Sleptsov
2019 ◽  
Vol 83 (8) ◽  
pp. 1016-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Prosin ◽  
I. I. Astapov ◽  
P. A. Bezyazeekov ◽  
V. Boreyko ◽  
A. N. Borodin ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 01003
Author(s):  
V. Prosin ◽  
I. Astapov ◽  
P. Bezyazeekov ◽  
A. Borodin ◽  
M. Brückner ◽  
...  

The extensive air shower Cherenkov light array Tunka-133 collected data during 7 winter seasons from 2009 to 2017. From 2175 hours of data taking, we derived the differential energy spectrum of cosmic rays in the energy range 6 · 1015 2 · 1018 eV. The TAIGA-HiSCORE array is in the process of continuous expansion and modernization. Here we present the results obtained with 28 stations of the first HiSCORE stage from 35 clear moonless nights in the winter of 2017-2018. The combined spectrum of two arrays covers a range of 2 · 1014 – 2 · 1018 eV.


Both the penetrating power of the cosmic rays through material ab­sorbers and their ability to reach the earth in spite of its magnetic field, make it certain that the energy of many of the primary particles must reach at least 10 11 e-volts. However, the energy measurements by Kunze, and by Anderson, using cloud chambers in strong magnetic fields, have extended only to about 5 x 10 9 e-volts. Particles of greater energy were reported, but the curvature of their tracks was too small to be measured with certainty. We have extended these energy measurements to somewhat higher energies, using a large electro-magnet specially built for the purpose and described in Part I. As used in these experiments, the magnet allowed the photography of tracks 17 cm long in a field of about 14,000 gauss. The magnet weighed about 11,000 kilos and used a power of 25 kilowatts.


2003 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 1145-1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Haungs ◽  
Heinigerd Rebel ◽  
Markus Roth

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (29) ◽  
pp. 6878-6880 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. P. EGOROVA ◽  
A. V. GLUSHKOV ◽  
A. A. IVANOV ◽  
S. P. KNURENKO ◽  
V. A. KOLOSOV ◽  
...  

The energy spectrum of primary cosmic rays with ultra-high energies based on the Yakutsk EAS Array data is presented. For the largest events values of S600 and axis coordinates have been obtained using revised lateral distribution function. The effect of the arrival time distribution at several axis distance on estimated density for Yakutsk and AGASA is considered.


Nature ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 256 (5516) ◽  
pp. 387-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. ASHTON ◽  
A. J. SALEH

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