P71 Antibiotic resistance of clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) collected from intensive care units (ICU) patients with nosocomial pneumonia in 5 Belgian hospitals during the 2004–2008 period using EUCAST breakpoints

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. S49-S50
Author(s):  
M. Riou ◽  
S. Carbonnelle ◽  
L. Avrain ◽  
J. Pirnay ◽  
A. Simon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Nosocomial Pneumonia ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Icu Patients

scholarly journals Lack of Association between Hypermutation and Antibiotic Resistance Development in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from Intensive Care Unit Patients

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 3573-3575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia Gutiérrez ◽  
Carlos Juan ◽  
José L. Pérez ◽  
Antonio Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Large Collection ◽  
Resistance Development ◽  
Icu Patients

ABSTRACT Hypermutation is a common feature of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from chronically infected cystic fibrosis patients that is linked with antibiotic resistance development. In this work, using a large collection of sequential P. aeruginosa isolates from ICU patients, we found that despite the fact that mutational antibiotic resistance development is a frequent outcome, the prevalence of hypermutable strains is low (found in isolates from only 1 of 103 patients) and there is no evidence of coselection of the hypermutable and antibiotic resistance phenotypes.

scholarly journals Current Pattern of Antibiotic Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter Baumannii from Intensive Care Units of Tertiary Care Hospital

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishrat Irfan Ali ◽  
Irfan Ali Khan ◽  
Muhammad Kashif Munir ◽  
Sheikh Ajaz Rasool
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p><strong>Purpose:  </strong>To determine the pattern of antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii from ICU’s of tertiary care hospital in Karachi.</p><p><strong>Study Design:  </strong>A case control study.</p><p><strong>Methods:  </strong>Three hundred and fifteen clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii collected from different ICUs were evaluated during 1 year period. The isolates were identified by morphology, growth and biochemical characteristics, susceptibility to a panel of anti-microbial agents in disc diffusion assay and molecular characterization by PCR using glt A and gyr B genes.</p><p><strong>Results:  </strong>94% of Acinetobacter spp were detected as multi drug resistant (MDR) and sensitive to Polymixin B only. About 6% Acinetobacter spp were also MDR but sensitive to Polymixin B, Meropenem and Salbactum + Cefoperazone. All tested isolates exhibited differing resistance representation, as establish by medium incorporation – replica method, against different tested antibiotics, as follows: Amoxicillin – Cal-vulanic acid, Tazobactam, Ceftriaxone, Ceftazidime, Meropenem, Imipenem, Gentamicin, Amikacin, Chlo-ramphenicol, Cotrimoxazole, Tobramycin, Salbactam, Cefoperazone, Gentamicin and Amikacin. All the isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii were PCR positive for glt A and gyr B.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:  </strong>Acinetobacter baumannii is the most frequently isolated and alarming pathogen in the health care system specifically for the patients in intensive care units (ICUs). Its survival in hospital environment is because of tolerance the antibiotics and antiseptic pressures. Multi drug resistance made this pathogen the lethal pathogen of this century to infect debilitated patients. There is a strict need to monitor the surveillance of global clones at institutional and or intra-institutional level for accurate treatment, precise prevention and batter control.</p>

scholarly journals Protocol for an international, multicentre, prospective, observational study of nosocomial pneumonia in intensive care units: the PneumoINSPIRE study

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Despoina Koulenti ◽  
◽  
Apostolos Armaganidis ◽  
Kostoula Arvaniti ◽  
Stijn Blot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Nosocomial Pneumonia ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽  
Icu Patients

Background: Nosocomial pneumonia in the critical care setting is associated with increased morbidity, significant crude mortality rates and high health care costs. Ventilator-associated pneumonia represents about 80% of nosocomial pneumonia cases in intensive care units (ICUs). Wide variance in incidence of nosocomial pneumonia and diagnostic techniques used has been reported, while successful treatment remains complex and a matter of debate. Objective: To describe the epidemiology, diagnostic strategies and treatment modalities for nosocomial pneumonia in contemporary ICU settings across multiple countries around the world. Design, setting and patients: PneumoINSPIRE is a large, multinational, prospective cohort study of adult ICU patients diagnosed with nosocomial pneumonia. Participating ICUs from at least 20 countries will collect data on 10 or more consecutive ICU patients with nosocomial pneumonia. Site-specific information, including hospital policies on antibiotic therapy, will be recorded along with patient-specific data. Variables that will be explored include: aetiology and antimicrobial resistance patterns, treatment-related parameters (including time to initiation of antibiotic therapy, and empirical antibiotic choice, dose and escalation or de-escalation), pneumonia resolution, ICU and hospital mortality, and risk factors for unfavourable outcomes. The concordance of ventilator-associated pneumonia diagnosis with accepted definitions will also be assessed. Results and conclusions: PneumoINSPIRE will provide valuable information on current diagnostic and management practices relating to ICU nosocomial pneumonia, and identify research priorities in the field. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02793141.

scholarly journals Oral care and nosocomial pneumonia: a systematic review

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Carolina Nunes Vilela ◽  
Gustavo Zanna Ferreira ◽  
Paulo Sérgio da Silva Santos ◽  
Nathalie Pepe Medeiros de Rezende
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Nosocomial Pneumonia ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Grade Of Recommendation ◽  
Minimal Bias

To perform a systematic review of the literature on the control of oral biofilms and the incidence of nosocomial pneumonia, in addition to assessing and classifying studies as to the grade of recommendation and level of evidence. The review was based on PubMed, LILACS, and Scopus databases, from January 1st, 2000 until December 31st, 2012. Studies evaluating oral hygiene care related to nosocomial infections in patients hospitalized in intensive care units were selected according to the inclusion criteria. Full published articles available in English, Spanish, or Portuguese, which approached chemical or mechanical oral hygiene techniques in preventing pneumonia, interventions performed, and their results were included. After analysis, the articles were classified according to level of evidence and grade of recommendation according to the criteria of the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine. A total of 297 abstracts were found, 14 of which were full articles that met our criteria. Most articles included a study group with chlorhexidine users and a control group with placebo users for oral hygiene in the prevention of pneumonia. All articles were classified as B in the level of evidence, and 12 articles were classified as 2B and two articles as 2C in grade of recommendation. It was observed that the control of oral biofilm reduces the incidence of nosocomial pneumonia, but the fact that most articles had an intermediate grade of recommendation makes clear the need to conduct randomized controlled trials with minimal bias to establish future guidelines for oral hygiene in intensive care units.

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