scholarly journals Lack of Association between Hypermutation and Antibiotic Resistance Development in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from Intensive Care Unit Patients

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 3573-3575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia Gutiérrez ◽  
Carlos Juan ◽  
José L. Pérez ◽  
Antonio Oliver

ABSTRACT Hypermutation is a common feature of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from chronically infected cystic fibrosis patients that is linked with antibiotic resistance development. In this work, using a large collection of sequential P. aeruginosa isolates from ICU patients, we found that despite the fact that mutational antibiotic resistance development is a frequent outcome, the prevalence of hypermutable strains is low (found in isolates from only 1 of 103 patients) and there is no evidence of coselection of the hypermutable and antibiotic resistance phenotypes.

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 941-947 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Putignani ◽  
R. Sessa ◽  
A. Petrucca ◽  
C. Manfredini ◽  
L. Coltella ◽  
...  

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen and an ubiquitous environmental bacterium. Fifty-seven days after hospitalization, we isolated three distinct P. aeruginosa morphotypes (smooth, rough and mucoid) from the lower respiratory tract of a patient admitted to a Cardiology Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Moreover, a group of nine colony variants, arising from the three P. aeruginosa isolates growing in laboratory growth media, were also isolated. The resulting 12 isolates were characterised for antibiotic resistance profile and subjected to genotypic analysis by fluorescent-Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (f-AFLP) and automated repetitive extragenic palindromic-PCR (rep-PCR) fingerprinting. The three smooth, rough and mucoid morphotypes presented different antibiotic resistance profiles and genotyping analysis showed that they belonged to distinct clones, indicating that at day 57 after the admission the patient was simultaneously colonized by three distinct P. aeruginosa isolates. On the other hand, the nine colony variants presented heterogeneous antibiotic resistance profiles and clustered together with the three parental isolates. The understanding of the link between genotype plasticity and antibiotic resistance may contribute to improving our knowledge of this life-threatening pathogen.


2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 758-762
Author(s):  
Omid Zarei ◽  
Hassan Mahmoudi ◽  
Ali Mohammadi Bardbari ◽  
Pezhman Karami ◽  
Mohammad Yousef Alikhani

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram-negative non-glucose fermenting aerobic bacteria and an opportunistic pathogen in humans and animals. The present study was carried out to investigate the distribution of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance properties of P. aeruginosa isolated from patients and intensive care unit (ICU) environment. Material and Methods: A total of 116 P. aeruginosa isolated from patients and ICU environment were collected from Besat hospital in Hamadan, the West of Iran. P. aeruginosa isolates were analyzed based on the presence of the virulence factors encoding genes included exoA, exoS, exoU, and algD using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed using a disk diffusion method. Results: The results showed the prevalence of exoA 33 (56.9%), exoS 21 (36.20%), exoU 37 (63.8%), and algD 35 (60.34%) genes in ICU environment P. aeruginosa strains and exo A 23 (39.25%), exoS 25 (43.1%), exoU 40(68.98%), and algD 25 (43.1%) genes in clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa. High resistance levels of the clinical and ICU environment isolate to ampicillinsulbactam (100%), were also observed. Conclusions: Our findings should raise awareness about antibiotic resistance in hospitalized patients in Iran. Clinicians should exercise caution in prescribing antibiotics, especially in cases of human infections.


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Litwin ◽  
Stanislaw Rojek ◽  
Waldemar Gozdzik ◽  
Wieslawa Duszynska

Abstract Background Pseudomonas aeruginosa has recently shown to be one of the most important strains of bacteria and alert pathogens in Europe among Intensive Care Unit patients that provide serious therapeutic problems because of its multidrug resistance. Methods The purpose of this microbiological study was data analysis of device associated- healthcare associated infections (DA-HAIs) in an ICU in terms of the incidents of P.aeruginosa strain infections and its susceptibility within an 8.5-year observation. Results Among 919 isolated strains responsible for 799 DA-HAIs (17,62 ± 1,98/1000 patient-days) in 4010 ICU patients P.aeruginosa was the pathogen in 108/799 (13.52%) cases. Incidence rate (density) of: VAP/1000 MV- days, UTI /1000 UC- days and CLA-BSI/1000 CL- days were 11,15 ± 2.5, 6.82 ± 0.81, 2.35 ± 1.54.respectivelly. P.aeruginosa was the pathogen most frequently responsible for VAP 69/108 (63.88%). Mean frequency of VAP, UTI and CLA-BSI with P.aeruginosa etiology was 69/493 (14.28%), 32/299 (11.1%) and 7/127 (5.77%) respectively. The mean density of P.aeruginosa infection amounted to 2.43/1000 patient-days. The decrease was observed in the total number of DA-HAIs caused by the P.aeruginosa from 15.75% and 3.23/1000 patient-days in 2011 to 5.0% and 1.17/1000 in 2016 (p = 0.0104, p = 0.0348). Starting from 2016 to 2019 incidence and density of P.aeruginosa DA-HAIs increased to 12.33% and 2.63/1000 (p = 0.1388, p = 0.0818). P.aeruginosa was susceptible to ceftazidime, cefepime, amikacin, meropenem, ciprofloxacin, colistin, in 55.55, 58.33, 70.37, 53.73, 50, and 100% respectively. MDR characterised it in 40% in 2011 and 66.7% in 2019, (p = 0.177). Conclusions The study revealed a changeable prevalence of P. aeruginosa strain infections; however their frequency was never highest in our ICU patients as it presented in the last years in Europe. The study showed a significant decrease in 2016 and increase in 2019, a nearly 3-fold increase of P.aeruginosa infections among Gram-negative strain infections, and a 2-fold increase of the P.aeruginosa DA-HAIs frequency between 2016 and 2019 as well as an increased resistance. Microbiological analysis of DA-HAIs in each hospital should be a standard method used in hospital infection control and antibiotic policy. In the case of P.aeruginosa, in order to minimize transmission, preventive infection methods should be assessed mainly in case of VAP.


Author(s):  
Tram Anh Que

TÓM TẮT Đặt vấn đề: Viêm phổi liên quan thở máy là bệnh lý nhiễm khuẩn bệnh viện rất thường gặp trong đơn vị hồi sức tích cực. Có nhiều vi khuẩn gây viêm phổi liên quan thở máy, trong đó các vi khuẩn Gram âm không lên men như Acinetobacterbaumannii, Pseudomonasaeruginosa,.. là những vi khuẩn gây bệnh hàng đầu và có mức độ kháng kháng sinh cao. Phương pháp: Một nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang được thực hiện ở các chủng vi khuẩn Gram âm không lên men phân lập được từ các mẫu đờm của bệnh nhân thở máy trên 48 giờ điều trị tại các khoa Hồi sức tích cực - Ngoại khoa Bệnh viện Hữu nghị Đa khoa Nghệ An năm từ 1/2020 đến 6/2021. Kết quả: Phân lập được 120 chủng Vi khuẩn Gram âm không lên men, trong đó, Acinetobacter baumannii 85 chủng, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 31 chủng. Acinetobacter baumannii có mức độ đề kháng trên 70% với tất cả các kháng sinh thử nghiệm, trong đó kháng cao nhất với Ceftriaxone 96,9%. Pseudomonas aeriginosa kháng với tất cả các kháng sinh thử nghiệm, kháng cao nhất với Gentamycin 80,0%, kháng thấp nhất với Piperacillin/Tazobactam 32,3%. Kết luận: Vi khuẩn không lên men là những tác nhân chính gây viêm phổi liên quan thở máy, phổ biến nhất là Acinetobacter baumannii và Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Những vi khuẩn này kháng cao với các kháng sinh thử nghiệm, trong đó, A. baumannii kháng trên 70% các kháng sinh thử nghiệm, P. aeruginosa kháng tất cả kháng sinh thử nghiệm với mức độ khác nhau tử 32,3 - 80,0%. ABSTRACT ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE OF NON - FERMENTABLE GRAM - NEGATIVE BACTERIA CAUSING PNEUMONIA IN PATIENTS WITH MECHANICALLY VENTILATION Background: Ventilator - associated pneumonia is a very common nosocomial infection in the intensive care unit. Many bacteria cause ventilator - associated pneumonia, in which non - fermentative Gram - negative bacteria such as Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, etc., are the leading pathogens and have high antibiotic resistance. Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted on non - fermentative bacteria strains causing ventilator - associated pneumonia which were isolated at the Surgical Intensive Care Unit Department of Nghe An General Friendship Hospital from January 2020 to June 2021. Results: A total of 120 strains of non - fermenting Gram - negative bacteria were isolated. Of these, 85 strains were Acinetobacter baumannii, 31 strains was Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Acinetobacter baumannii has a resistance rate of more than 70% with all tested antibiotics, of which the highest resistance is to Ceftriaxone 96.9%. Pseudomonas aeriginosa was resistant to all tested antibiotics, with the highest resistance to Gentamycin80.0%, the lowest resistance to Piperacillin/Tazobactam 32.3%. Conclusion: Non - fermentative bacteria are the main pathogens of ventilator - associated pneumonia. The most common pathogens were Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These bacteria were highly resistant to the tested antibiotics. In which, A. baumannii resisted over 70% of the tested antibiotics, and P. aeruginosa resisted all tested antibiotics with varying degrees from 32.3 to 80.0%. Keywords: Ventilation associated pneumonia, VAP, P. aeruginosa, A. baumannii.


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