Behavioral Changes Induced by Angiotensin AT1 Receptors Blockade in the Rat Brain

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Hritcu ◽  
W. Bild ◽  
A. Ciobica ◽  
V. Artenie ◽  
I. Haulica
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Anxiety State ◽  
Avoidance Task ◽  
Maze Task ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
The Brain

Aims:The brain renin-angiotensin system is involved in learning and memory, but the actual role of angiotensin II and its metabolites in this process has been difficult to comprehend. In the present study we assessed the role of the angiotensin AT1 receptors in certain behavioral effects of angiotensin II using their selective antagonist losartan and PD123319, intracerebroventricularly (icv) administrated.Methods:Male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: 1. sham-operated; 2. Losartan; 3. PD123319. All drugs were stereotaxically icv injected. Learning and memory tests began 2 weeks after the operation, and the ability of the rats to acquire the operant task was studied by means of Y-maze task and passive avoidance task, respectively. The anxiety state was measured in elevated plus maze.Results:Losartan and PD123319 significantly impaired spatial memory in Y-maze task, suggesting significant effects on short-term memory. In passive avoidance task, both angiotensin II antagonist, significantly decreased step-through-latency, suggesting significant effects on long-term memory. In elevated plus maze measuring anxiety, both drugs diminished anxiety state.Conclusions:Our results suggest the considerable involvement of the brain ATi angiotensin receptors in the cognition improving effects of angiotensin.

scholarly journals Low Protein Diet Induces Memory Loss and Anxiety Like Behavior via Decreases of Neurotransmitters in Aged Male Mice (P14-028-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideaki Sato ◽  
Masako Tsukamoto-Yasui ◽  
Satoko Ueno ◽  
Keiko Matsunaga ◽  
Akihiko Kitamura
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Avoidance Task ◽  
Maze Task ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Objectives Increase of elderly people, dementia and cognitive decline has been already one of the social problems all over the world. There are a lot of risk factors including dietary composition. Several studies have reported the importance of protein for maintaining brain functions in the elderly, but the details are not well understood. To clarify the relationship between protein intake and brain function in the elderly, we evaluated the effect of low protein diet on cognitive function and psychiatric symptoms in aged mice. Methods Male mice at 60 weeks of age were fed a control diet (NPD; casein 20%) or a low protein diet (LPD; casein 5%). To evaluate neurobehavioral abnormality, we performed the elevated plus maze task (Day 64) and Passive avoidance task (conditioning: Day 66, evaluation: Day 67). Cerebral cortex tissues and plasma were measured for free amino acid concentration by LC-MSMS method, and monoamine concentration in cerebral cortex was measured by HPLC method. Results In the Passive avoidance task, LPD group decreased the time to keep staying in the light box and the rate of individuals entering the dark box during the test period. In the elevated plus maze task, LPD group significantly increased in the number of entry and staying times in open arm. In addition, total travel distance was significantly increased. Moreover, LPD decreased the concentration of not only amino acid in plasma and cerebral cortex but also neurotransmitter such as Glutamate, GABA, Aspartate, Glycine, Dopamine, Norepinephrine, Serotonin. Conclusions We found that long-term intake of low-protein diet occurred memory loss and anxiety like behavior in elderly mice. Intracerebral neurotransmitters are mainly synthesized from amino acids, which is transferred from blood, within the brain. Therefore, behavioral change observed in LPD group might be induced by the decrease of neurotransmitters in the brain. Funding Sources Ajinomoto Co., Inc.

Comparative Effects of Captopril, Losartan and PD123319 on the Memory Processes in Rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Bild ◽  
L. Hritcu ◽  
A. Ciobica ◽  
V. Artenie ◽  
I. Haulica
Keyword(s):  
Passive Avoidance ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Anxiety State ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Memory Processes ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
Plus Maze

Aims:Renin-angiotensin system in the central nervous system participates in the processing of sensory information, learning and memory processes. Inhibitors of renin-angiotensin system, particularly angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists are reported to have potential effects in various learning and memory processes. In the present study we assessed the effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor captopril and the angiotensin AT1 receptors antagonists, lostartan and PD123319, in learning and memory processes by means of Y-maze and passive avoidance tasks. The anxiety state was measured in elevated plus maze.Methods:Male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: 1. sham-operated; 2. Captopril; 3. Losartan; 4. PD123319. All drugs were stereotaxically icv injected, rather than captopril (i.p.). Learning and memory tests began 2 weeks after the operation, and the ability of the rats to acquire the operant task was studied by means of Y-maze task and passive avoidance task, respectively. The anxiety state was measured in elevated plus maze.Results:Captopril, losartan and PD123319 significantly impaired spatial memory in Y-maze task, suggesting significant effects on short-term memory. In passive avoidance task, all drugs, significantly decreased step-through-latency, suggesting significant effects on long-term memory. In elevated plus maze measuring anxiety, all drugs diminished anxiety state.Conclusions:These results suggest the involvement of the brain renin-angiotensin system in learning and memory formation.

scholarly journals Studying some neuroprotective effects of Calotropis procera extracts against scopolamine- induced neuropschiatric comorbidities in a rodent model of epilepsy

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 3114-3119
Author(s):  
PROSPER T. KINDA ◽  
SAMSON GUENNE ◽  
BASILE TINDANO ◽  
NOUFOU OUEDRAOGO ◽  
NABÉRÉ OUATTARA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Behavioral Tests ◽  
Maze Task ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
Plus Maze

Many plants are largely used in alternative medicine of Burkina Faso for neuropsychiatric disorders treatment. However, their neuro-pharmacological properties are less evaluated through scientific studies. The present study aims to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of Calotropis procera leaves and root-bark aqueous extract, focusing on a scopolamine-induced model of epilepsy in rodents. In this study, we evaluated this plant extracts possible protective effects on the central nervous system, through the behavioral tests and the enzymes activity assays. Thus, elevated plus-maze test and Y-maze task were used to evaluate animals behavioral and UV/visible spectrophotometer methods were used to evaluate the enzyme’s activities in brain’s supernatant. Our results are showing no significant protective effects of leaves extract, but it revealed a significant neuroprotective effect of root-bark aqueous extract, as well as in the behavioral tests and the brain’s oxidative enzymes specific activity evaluation. Indeed, anti-amnesic and anxiolytic activities were observed through Y maze task and elevated plus maze tests for the groups of animals receiving root-bark extract (100 mg/kg b.w.). In these test, inhibition of disturbances of Time spent in Open Arms, Spontaneous Alternation, and Transfer Latency induced after scopolamine administration were recorded with animals received root-bark extract. Likewise, the superoxide dismutase and catalase activity disturbance induced by scopolamine were also inhibited in root-bark extract pre-administered group. Thus, our study provides biochemical and neuro-pharmacological data for traditional use of C. procera for neuropsychiatric disorders treatment, including scopolamine-induced epilepsy symptoms (mainly referring to the psychiatric comorbidities of this disorder).

scholarly journals The effects of the administration of two different doses of manganese on short-term spatial memory and anxiety-like behavior in rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 1031-1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hogas ◽  
A. Ciobica ◽  
Simona Hogas ◽  
Veronica Bild ◽  
L. Hritcu
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Psychomotor Development ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Maze Task ◽  
Manganese Exposure ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Different Doses

Manganese is a very well known neurotoxic agent. It has been mainly linked to impaired motor skills and disturbed psychomotor development. However, very few aspects are known about the cognitive deficits and behavioral consequences of chronic manganese exposure. In this context, we report herein our findings regarding short-term spatial memory, motor and anxiety-like behavior assessments in male Wistar rats exposed for 45 days to two different doses (3 mg/kg b.w., i.p. and 10 mg/kg b.w., i.p.) of manganese. Behavior testing (Y-maze task and elevated plus maze) was performed after 45 days of manganese administration. Chronic manganese exposure in Wistar rats led to behavioral alterations consisting of cognitive deficiencies in the Y-maze task and anxiety/compulsive-like behaviors in the elevated plus maze, but no motor disturbances as tested by the number of arm entries in the Y-maze. Additional work is necessary to understand the longterm effects of different doses and dosing regimens of manganese on cognitive/affective and motor functioning.

scholarly journals Sotalol does not interfere with the antielectroshock action of selected second-generation antiepileptic drugs in mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinga K. Borowicz-Reutt ◽  
Monika Banach ◽  
Monika Rudkowska ◽  
Anna Stachniuk
Keyword(s):  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Antidepressant Drug ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Avoidance Task ◽  
Maximal Electroshock ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Background Due to blocking β-receptors, and potassium KCNH2 channels, sotalol may influence seizure phenomena. In the previous study, we have shown that sotalol potentiated the antielectroshock action of phenytoin and valproate in mice. Materials and methods As a continuation of previous experiments, we examined the effect of sotalol on the action of four chosen second-generation antiepileptic drugs (oxcarbazepine, lamotrigine, pregabalin, and topiramate) against the maximal electroshock in mice. Undesired effects were evaluated in the chimney test (motor impairment) and step-through passive-avoidance task (long-term memory deficits). Finally, brain concentrations of antiepileptics were determined by fluorescence polarization immunoassay, while those of sotalol by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Results Sotalol at doses of up to 100 mg/kg did not affect the electroconvulsive threshold. Applied at doses of 80–100 mg/kg, sotalol did not affect the antielectroshock action of oxcarbazepine, lamotrigine, pregabalin, or topiramate. Sotalol alone and in combinations with antiepileptics impaired neither motor performance nor long-term memory. Finally, sotalol significantly decreased the brain concentrations of lamotrigine and increased those of oxcarbazepine and topiramate. Pharmacokinetic interactions, however, did not influence the final antielectroshock effects of above-mentioned drug combinations. On the other hand, the brain concentrations of sotalol were not changed by second-generation antiepileptics used in this study. Conclusion Sotalol did not reduce the antielectroshock action of four second-generation antiepileptic drugs examined in this study. Therefore, this antidepressant drug should not interfere with antiseizure effects of lamotrigine, oxcarbazepine, pregabalin, and topiramate in patients with epilepsy. To draw final conclusions, our preclinical data should still be confirmed in other experimental models and clinical conditions.

scholarly journals Inhibition of Central Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Exerts Anxiolytic Effects by Decreasing Brain Oxidative Stress

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alin Ciobica ◽  
Lucian Hritcu ◽  
Veronica Nastasa ◽  
Manuela Padurariu ◽  
Walther Bild
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitor ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Product ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Enzymes ◽  
Brain Oxidative Stress

Inhibition of Central Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Exerts Anxiolytic Effects by Decreasing Brain Oxidative StressThis study investigated the effects of angiotensin II and captopril intracerebroventricular administration on anxiety status and brain oxidative stress. Elevated plus maze was used in order to asses the anxiety-like behavior, while the biochemical analysis included the determination of some antioxidant defense enzymes like superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase and also a lipid peroxidation product (malondialdehyde). Our results provide additional evidence of angiotensin II induced anxiety-like effects and increased prooxidant status. Moreover, the blockade of angiotensin II, by the administration of an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (captopril) resulted in anxiolytic effects and decreased oxidative stress status. In addition, we found a significant correlation between the time spent by rats in the open arms of the elevated plus maze and oxidative stress markers. This could raise important therapeutic issues regarding the anxiolytic effects of some angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors used primarily for hypertension, such as captopril. Also, it seems that oxidative stress could play an important part in these actions.

The role of vision and proprioception in the aversion of rats to the open arms of an elevated plus-maze

2002 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Martı́nez ◽  
Fernando Cardenas ◽  
Marisol Lamprea ◽  
Silvio Morato
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Plus Maze

COGNITIVE ENHANCING ACTIVITY OF VITIS VINIFERA LINN IN RATS WITH EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED AMNESIA AND ITS INFLUENCE ON CHOLINERGIC SYSTEM OF BRAIN

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (02) ◽  
pp. 63-67
Author(s):  
K. S Patil ◽  
◽  
R. V Hadaginal ◽  
R. R Wadekar
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Escape Latency ◽  
Enzyme Level ◽  
Brain Homogenate ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Avoidance Task ◽  
Behavioral Impairment ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Plus Maze

The present study investigates the effect of ethanolic Vitis vinifera fruit extract on cognitive function in scopolamine, and electroshock induced amnesia in rats. To explore the potential effect, V. vinifera extract was screened by administrating dose (200 mg/kg) for 7 days using scopolamine-induced amnesia model. Cognition parameters were assessed using elevated plus maze and passive avoidance task method with Mentat as standard by using parameters of step down and transfer latency. Acetylcholinesterases enzyme level from brain homogenate was estimated on 7th day. V. vinifera extract (200 mg/kg) showed increase in escape latency (p<0.001) and time spent in target quadrant (p<0.05) while decrease in transfer latency (p<0.001) was observed in scopolamine induced amnesia. Further, pretreatment with V. vinifera (200 mg/kg) significantly reversed the behavioral impairment in scopolamine and electroconvulsive shock induced amnesia. Thus, that ethanolic fruit extract of V. vinifera possesses cognition enhancing property in scopolamine and electroshock induced amnesia models.

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