The gender of the examiner, the state of the pregnancy and women's perception of transvaginal sonography in the first trimester

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence and potential factors associated with pre-pregnancy nutritional status of women. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study carried out between December 2007 and November 2008 with 1,535 women in the first trimester of pregnancy and randomly selected in health units of the Brazilian public health system (SUS) in the municipalities of Queimados and Petrópolis in the State of Rio de Janeiro. The diagnosis of nutritional deviations was based on the Body Mass Index, according to the classification of the Institute of Medicine, and the following categories were obtained: underweight, normal weight, overweight and obesity. In the statistical analysis, the multinomial logistic regression model was used and an odds ratio and confidence interval of 95% were estimated. RESULTS: The sample included women between 13 and 45 years. The prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity were 10, 18 and 11%, respectively. Women living in Queimados, adolescents, women who did not live with a partner and smokers had a higher proportion of low pre-pregnancy weight. There was an association between hypertension, overweight and obesity. Adolescents presented lower chance to overweight and obesity. Living in Queimados reduced the odds of overweight. CONCLUSION: The proportion of pre-pregnancy nutritional deviations was high, and recognizing factors that lead to them is very important for an early identification of women at nutritional risk, with view to interventions to reduce the adverse effects of malnutrition on maternal and child health.

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Ultrasound Evaluation of Pregnancy in the First Trimester

Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10009-1125 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 17-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

George M Graham

Keyword(s):

Early Pregnancy ◽

First Trimester ◽

Transvaginal Sonography ◽

List Type ◽

Intrauterine Pregnancy ◽

Ultrasound Evaluation ◽

Early Pregnancy Failure ◽

Ultrasound Findings ◽

Ultrasound Technology ◽

First Trimester Ultrasound

Abstract Improvements in ultrasound technology, including transvaginal sonography and higher frequency probes, have led to a better understanding of early pregnancy development. These advances and the increasing availability of ultrasound allow women to have an earlier and more accurate assessment of their pregnancy. First trimester sonographic signs have been identified that can be used to reassure women that their pregnancy is progressing normally or counsel them that their pregnancy will fail. In addition, first trimester ultrasound can accurately predict the type of twinning in multiple gestations, allowing for appropriate counseling and management. Objectives Know the first trimester ultrasound findings of a normal intrauterine pregnancy Understand the ultrasound findings that diagnose an early pregnancy failure Know the ultrasound criteria used to diagnose a multifetal gestation

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