Noninvasive ventilation using bilevel positive airway pressure to treat impending respiratory failure in the postanesthesia care unit

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 409-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph D Tobias
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Noninvasive Ventilation ◽  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Postanesthesia Care Unit ◽  
Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure

Respiratory Failure and Mechanical Ventilation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Hau Lee ◽  
Ira M. Cheifetz
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Plateau Pressure ◽  
Consensus Definition ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Definition Of

This chapter on respiratory failure and mechanical ventilation provides essential information about how to support children with severe respiratory disorders. The authors discuss multiple modes of respiratory support, including high-flow nasal cannula oxygen, noninvasive ventilation with continuous positive airway pressure and bilevel positive airway pressure, as well as conventional, high-frequency, and alternative modes of invasive ventilation. The section on invasive mechanical ventilation includes key information regarding gas exchange goals, modes of ventilation, patient–ventilator interactions, ventilator parameters (including tidal volume, end-expiratory pressure, and peak plateau pressure), extubation readiness testing, and troubleshooting. The authors also provide the new consensus definition of pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome. Also included are multiple figures and indispensable information on adjunctive therapies (inhaled nitric oxide, surfactant, prone positioning, and corticosteroids) and respiratory monitoring (including capnography and airway graphics analysis).

scholarly journals A Retrospective Analysis of Feeding Practices and Complications in Patients with Critical Bronchiolitis on Non-Invasive Respiratory Support

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 410
Author(s):  
Ariann Lenihan ◽  
Vannessa Ramos ◽  
Nichole Nemec ◽  
Joseph Lukowski ◽  
Junghyae Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Enteral Nutrition ◽  
Acute Respiratory Failure ◽  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Severity Of Illness ◽  
Respiratory Support ◽  
Early Enteral Nutrition ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure

Limited data exist regarding feeding pediatric patients managed on non-invasive respiratory support (NRS) modes that augment oxygenation and ventilation in the setting of acute respiratory failure. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to explore the safety of feeding patients managed on NRS with acute respiratory failure secondary to bronchiolitis. Children up to two years old with critical bronchiolitis managed on continuous positive airway pressure, bilevel positive airway pressure, or RAM cannula were included. Of the 178 eligible patients, 64 were reportedly nil per os (NPO), while 114 received enteral nutrition (EN). Overall equivalent in severity of illness, younger patients populated the EN group, while the NPO group experienced a higher incidence of intubation. Duration of stay in the pediatric intensive care unit and non-invasive respiratory support were shorter in the NPO group, though intubation eliminated the former difference. Within the EN group, ninety percent had feeds initiated within 48 h and 94% reached full feeds within 7 days of NRS initiation, with an 8% complication and <1% aspiration rate. Reported complications did not result in escalation of respiratory support. Notably, a significant improvement in heart rate and respiratory rate was noted after feeds initiation. Taken together, our study supports the practice of early enteral nutrition in patients with critical bronchiolitis requiring NRS.

Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure (BiPAP) by Nasal Mask for the Treatment of Respiratory Insufficiency Following Cardiac Surgery in Children

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 206-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph D. Tobias ◽  
William Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Tracheal Extubation ◽  
Nasal Mask ◽  
Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure

The authors present their experience with the use of bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) administered via a nasal mask to treat respiratory failure in three children following surgery for congenital heart disease. The three children developed progressive atelectasis, hypoxemia, and impending respiratory failure following tracheal extubation in the postoperative period. The use of BiPAP by nasal mask resulted in a decrease in the patients' respiratory rate, an increase in oxygen saturation and PaO2, a decrease in transcutaneous CO2, and resolution of atelectasis. The applications of this technique and the equipment required are reviewed.

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