New method of computed tomography upper airway measurement and new computed tomography positioning technique in patients with sleep apnoea

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 143
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
New Method ◽  
Positioning Technique

4D Computed Tomography for Dynamic Upper Airway Evaluation in Robin Sequence

2021 ◽  
pp. 019459982110021
Author(s):  
Austin S. Lam ◽  
Michael D. Bindschadler ◽  
Kelly N. Evans ◽  
Seth D. Friedman ◽  
Jeffrey P. Otjen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
4D Ct ◽  
Robin Sequence ◽  
Analysis Tools ◽  
Airway Caliber ◽  
4D Computed Tomography ◽  
Ct Data ◽  
Sample Case

Thorough assessment of dynamic upper airway obstruction (UAO) in Robin sequence (RS) is critical, but traditional evaluation modalities have significant limitations. Four-dimensional computed tomography (4D-CT) is promising in that it enables objective and quantitative evaluation throughout all phases of respiration. However, there exist few protocols or analysis tools to assist in obtaining and interpreting the vast amounts of obtained data. A protocol and set of data analysis tools were developed to enable quantification and visualization of dynamic 4D-CT data. This methodology was applied to a sample case at 2 time points. In the patient with RS, overall increases in normalized airway caliber were observed from 5 weeks to 1 year. There was, however, continued dynamic obstruction at all airway levels, though objective measures of UAO did improve at the nasopharynx and oropharynx. Use of 4D-CT and novel analyses provide additional quantitative information to evaluate UAO in patients with RS.

scholarly journals Desipramine improves upper airway collapsibility and reduces OSA severity in patients with minimal muscle compensation

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 1340-1350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Taranto-Montemurro ◽  
Scott A. Sands ◽  
Bradley A. Edwards ◽  
Ali Azarbarzin ◽  
Melania Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crossover Trial ◽  
Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Dilator Muscle ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Airway Collapsibility ◽  
Upper Airway Collapsibility

We recently demonstrated that desipramine reduces the sleep-related loss of upper airway dilator muscle activity and reduces pharyngeal collapsibility in healthy humans without obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). The aim of the present physiological study was to determine the effects of desipramine on upper airway collapsibility and apnoea–hypopnea index (AHI) in OSA patients.A placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomised crossover trial in 14 OSA patients was performed. Participants received treatment or placebo in randomised order before sleep. Pharyngeal collapsibility (critical collapsing pressure of the upper airway (Pcrit)) and ventilation under both passive (V′0,passive) and active (V′0,active) upper airway muscle conditions were evaluated with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) manipulation. AHI was quantified off CPAP.Desipramine reduced activePcrit(median (interquartile range) −5.2 (4.3) cmH2O on desipramineversus−1.9 (2.7) cmH2O on placebo; p=0.049) but not passivePcrit(−2.2 (3.4)versus−0.7 (2.1) cmH2O; p=0.135). A greater reduction in AHI occurred in those with minimal muscle compensation (defined asV′0,active−V′0,passive) on placebo (r=0.71, p=0.009). The reduction in AHI was driven by the improvement in muscle compensation (r=0.72, p=0.009).In OSA patients, noradrenergic stimulation with desipramine improves pharyngeal collapsibility and may be an effective treatment in patients with minimal upper airway muscle compensation.

Volume-pressure properties of the upper airway in normal subjects and patients with obstructive sleep apnoea

Respirology ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denan Wu ◽  
Wataru Hida ◽  
Yoshihiro Kikuchi ◽  
Shinichi Okabe ◽  
Hajime Kurosawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

scholarly journals Computed Tomography Perfusion: A New Method to Evaluate Response to Therapy in Lung Cancer

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 1599-1600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Fraioli ◽  
Simone Vetere ◽  
Marco Anile ◽  
Federico Venuta
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
New Method ◽  
Computed Tomography Perfusion

scholarly journals Upper airway expansion after rapid maxillary expansion evaluated with cone beam computed tomography

2012 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 458-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annelise Nazareth Cunha Ribeiro ◽  
João Batista de Paiva ◽  
José Rino-Neto ◽  
Edson Illipronti-Filho ◽  
Tarcila Trivino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Rapid Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Maxillary Expansion

Association of Snoring Characteristics with Predominant Site of Collapse of Upper Airway in Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Patients

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Sebastian ◽  
Peter A Cistulli ◽  
Gary Cohen ◽  
Philip de Chazal
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Audio Signal ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Lateral Wall ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Individual Site ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Study objectives Acoustic analysis of isolated events and snoring by previous researchers suggests a correlation between individual acoustic features and individual site of collapse events. In this study, we hypothesised that multi-parameter evaluation of snore sounds during natural sleep would provide a robust prediction of the predominant site of airway collapse. Methods The audio signals of 58 OSA patients were recorded simultaneously with full night polysomnography. The site of collapse was determined by manual analysis of the shape of the airflow signal during hypopnoea events and corresponding audio signal segments containing snore were manually extracted and processed. Machine learning algorithms were developed to automatically annotate the site of collapse of each hypopnoea event into three classes (lateral wall, palate and tongue-base). The predominant site of collapse for a sleep period was determined from the individual hypopnoea annotations and compared to the manually determined annotations. This was a retrospective study that used cross-validation to estimate performance. Results Cluster analysis showed that the data fits well in two clusters with a mean silhouette coefficient of 0.79 and an accuracy of 68% for classifying tongue/non-tongue collapse. A classification model using linear discriminants achieved an overall accuracy of 81% for discriminating tongue/non-tongue predominant site of collapse and accuracy of 64% for all site of collapse classes. Conclusions Our results reveal that the snore signal during hypopnoea can provide information regarding the predominant site of collapse in the upper airway. Therefore, the audio signal recorded during sleep could potentially be used as a new tool in identifying the predominant site of collapse and consequently improving the treatment selection and outcome.

scholarly journals A new method to trace colloid transport pathways in macroporous soils using X‐ray computed tomography and fluorescence macrophotography

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Soto‐Gómez ◽  
Paula Pérez‐Rodríguez ◽  
Laura Vázquez Juíz ◽  
José E. López‐Periago ◽  
Marcos Paradelo Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
New Method ◽  
Colloid Transport ◽  
Transport Pathways ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Computed

scholarly journals P019 Obstructive sleep apnoea endotypes in people with multiple sclerosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A27-A28
Author(s):  
S Carter ◽  
H Hensen ◽  
A Krishnan ◽  
A Chiang ◽  
J Carberry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Respiratory Control ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Loop Gain ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Arousal Threshold ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Abstract Purpose Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is common in people with multiple sclerosis (MS) despite a lack of typical risk factors for OSA in people with MS such as obesity and male predominance. Therefore, underlying factors other than sex and obesity may be particularly important in the pathogenesis of OSA in people with MS. Thus, the primary aim of this study was to determine the relative contributions of OSA endotypes in people with MS and compare this to matched controls with OSA only. Methods Eleven people with MS and OSA (MS-OSA group) (apnoea-hypopnoea index [AHI]>5events/h) and eleven controls matched for OSA severity, age and sex without MS (OSA group) were studied. Participants underwent a detailed overnight polysomnography with an epiglottic pressure catheter and genioglossus intramuscular electrodes to allow for quantification of pathophysiological contributors to OSA. This included the respiratory arousal threshold, genioglossus muscle responsiveness, respiratory loop gain and upper airway collapsibility. Results Measures of the four primary OSA endotypes were not different between the MS-OSA and OSA groups (e.g. NREM respiratory arousal threshold -27±15 vs. -23±8 cmH2O respectively, p=0.24). Within group analysis indicated higher loop gain in non-obese MS-OSA participants compared to obese MS-OSA participants (0.53±0.11 vs. 0.37±0.11, p=0.04). Conclusions Overall, OSA endotypes are similar between MS-OSA participants and matched OSA controls. However, within the MS-OSA group, non-obese participants have higher loop gain (unstable respiratory control) compared to obese participants. Thus, unstable respiratory control may play an important role in OSA pathogenesis in many people with MS.

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