Role of High Augmentation Index in Spontaneous Intracerebral Haemorrhage

AbstractIntracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) is the second most common form of stroke and is associated with greater mortality and morbidity compared with ischaemic stroke. The current ICH management strategies, which mainly target primary injury mechanisms, have not been shown to improve patient’s functional outcome. Consequently, multimodality treatment approaches that will focus on both primary and secondary pathophysiology have been suggested. During the last decade, a proliferation of experimental studies has demonstrated the role of apoptosis in secondary neuronal loss at the periphery of the clot after ICH. Subsequently, the value of certain antiapoptotic agents in reducing neuronal death and improving functional outcome following ICH was evaluated in animal models. Preliminary evidence from those studies strongly supports the potential role of antiapoptotic agents in reducing neuronal death and improving functional outcome after intracerebral haemorrhage. Expectedly, the ongoing and subsequent clinical trials will substantiate these findings and provide clear information on the most potent and safe antiapoptotic agents, their appropriate dosage, and temporal window of action, thereby making them suitable for the multimodality treatment approach.

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Biomarkers to enhance accuracy and precision of prediction of short-term and long-term outcome after spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage: a study protocol for a prospective cohort study

BMC Neurology ◽

10.1186/s12883-015-0384-3 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

A. Kumar ◽

P. Kumar ◽

S. Misra ◽

R. Sagar ◽

P. Kathuria ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Prospective Cohort Study ◽

Intracerebral Haemorrhage ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Short Term ◽

Term Outcome ◽

Long Term Outcome ◽

Accuracy And Precision ◽

Spontaneous Intracerebral Haemorrhage

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Abstract 12770: The Significant Role of Endothelium and Arterial Wall Properties in Patients With Pseudoexfoliative Glaucoma

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.132.suppl_3.12770 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽

Author(s):

Georgia Siasou ◽

Gerasimos Siasos ◽

Marilita M Moschos ◽

Nikolaos Gouliopoulos ◽

Evangelos Oikonomou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Endothelial Function ◽

Significant Role ◽

Vascular Function ◽

Arterial Wall ◽

Augmentation Index ◽

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Anterior Segment ◽

Pseudoexfoliative Glaucoma

Introduction: Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is one of the most prevalent causes of irreversible blindness and is associated with endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness. Pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PEG) is another type of glaucoma observed in pseudoexfoliation syndrome. It is characterized by the deposition of pseudoexfoliative material not only to the anterior segment of the eye, but also to the vessels, heart and other organs. Hypothesis: Endothelial function and arterial stiffness are impaired in patients with POAG and PEG supporting the significant role of vascular function impairment in the progression of the disease. Methods: Forty four POAG patients, 22 PEG and 38 healthy subjects (Cl) were included in this study. All subjects were free of cardiovascular or inflammatory diseases. Endothelial function was evaluated by flow-mediated dilatation (FMD). Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) was measured as an index of aortic stiffness and augmentation index (AIx) as a measure of arterial wave reflections Results: Between the three study groups CL, POAG, PEG there was no difference in age (67±10years vs. 70±9years vs. 66±12yeras, p=0.12) or prevalence of male sex (70% vs. 57% vs. 50%, p=0.21). Importantly, there was a linear impairment of FMD (7.35±2.77% vs. 6.58±3.18% vs. 4.88±3.29%, p=0.006), PWV (7.98±1.56m/sec vs. 9.20±1.84m/sec vs. 9.22±2.16m/sec, p=0.004) and AIx (21.29±8.77% vs. 25.14±5.71% vs. 28.20±8.75%, p=0.002) from CL to POAG and PEG. Interestingly post hoc test after Scheffe correction revealed also that PEG subjects had not only significantly impaired FMD, compared to control subjects, but also compared to POAG subjects (4.88±3.29% vs. 6.58±3.18%, p=0.02). Conclusions: Endothelial function and arterial stiffness are significantly impaired in patients with pseudoexfoliative glaucoma. These findings shed some light in the pathophysiology of pseudoexfoliative glaucoma and support the theory that pseudoexfoliative fibrils may also accumulate and damage the arterial wall.

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Randomized trial to assess safety and clinical efficacy of intensive blood pressure reduction in acute spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage

Medical Journal Armed Forces India ◽

10.1016/j.mjafi.2017.03.010 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 74 (2) ◽

pp. 120-125

Author(s):

Salil Gupta ◽

A.K. Abbot ◽

R. Srinath ◽

A.K. Tewari ◽

Aditya Gupta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Randomized Trial ◽

Clinical Efficacy ◽

Intracerebral Haemorrhage ◽

Blood Pressure Reduction ◽

Pressure Reduction ◽

Spontaneous Intracerebral Haemorrhage ◽

Intensive Blood Pressure

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Spontaneous Intracerebral Haemorrhage: An Analysis of Factors Affecting Prognosis

Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques ◽

10.1017/s0317167100047144 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 267-271 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

A.A. Dixon ◽

R.O. Holness ◽

W.J. Howes ◽

J.B. Garner

Keyword(s):

Glasgow Coma Scale ◽

Intracerebral Haemorrhage ◽

Clinical Factors ◽

Partial Pressure Of Oxygen ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Coma Scale ◽

Level Of Consciousness ◽

Ventricular Rupture ◽

Predicting Outcome ◽

Spontaneous Intracerebral Haemorrhage

ABSTRACT:A retrospective study of 100 patients with spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage was carried out, to identify clinical factors which have a predictive value for outcome. Numerical equivalents for the admission level of consciousness (the Glasgow Coma Scale), ventricular rupture, partial pressure of oxygen in the blood, the electrocardiogram, clot location, and clot size were combined into equations predicting outcome. The best single parameter for prediction was the Glasgow Coma Scale.

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The protective effect of the PDE-4 inhibitor rolipram on intracerebral haemorrhage is associated with the cAMP/AMPK/SIRT1 pathway

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-98743-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Xiao-Liu Dong ◽

Yan-Hui Wang ◽

Jing Xu ◽

Nan Zhang

Keyword(s):

Mouse Model ◽

Protective Effect ◽

Intracerebral Haemorrhage ◽

Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate ◽

Adenosine Monophosphate ◽

Pathological Process ◽

Silent Information Regulator 1 ◽

Sirt1 Inhibitor ◽

Amp Activated Protein Kinase

AbstractRolipram specifically inhibits phosphodiesterase (PDE) 4, thereby preventing inactivation of the intracellular second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Rolipram has been shown to play a neuroprotective role in some central nervous system (CNS) diseases. However, the role of PDE4 and the potential protective effect of rolipram on the pathophysiological process of intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) are still not entirely clear. In this study, a mouse model of ICH was established by the collagenase method. Rolipram reduced brain oedema, blood–brain barrier (BBB) leakage, neuronal apoptosis and inflammatory cytokine release and improved neurological function in our mouse model of ICH. Moreover, rolipram increased the levels of cAMP and silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) and upregulated the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Furthermore, these effects of rolipram could be reversed by the SIRT1 inhibitor sirtinol. In conclusion, rolipram can play a neuroprotective role in the pathological process of ICH by activating the cAMP/AMPK/SIRT1 pathway.

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