Chapter 5 Calculation of the Radiation Characteristics of Blackbody Radiation Sources

2009 ◽  
pp. 181-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Prokhorov ◽  
Leonard M. Hanssen ◽  
Sergey N. Mekhontsev
Keyword(s):  
Blackbody Radiation ◽  
Radiation Characteristics ◽  
Radiation Sources

scholarly journals Digital Lighting Technologies to Control Galleria Mellonella Behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-83
Author(s):  
N. P. Kondrat'eva ◽  
D. V. Buzmakov ◽  
I. R. Il'yasov ◽  
R. G. Bol'shin ◽  
M. G. Krasnolutskaya
Keyword(s):  
Optical Radiation ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Visual Programming ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Main Element ◽  
Microprocessor System ◽  
Radiation Characteristics ◽  
Greater Wax Moth ◽  
Radiation Sources ◽  
Wax Moth

The authors found out that the greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella) harmed bee colonies by destroying up to 30 percent of honey in a beehive. They studied the results of experiments on controlling its behavior using a developed automated microprocessor system that maintained optical radiation sources duration.(Research purpose) To develop light technologies using a microprocessor-based automated system that allows controlling Galleria mellonella behavior by realizing attractive optical radiation characteristics.(Materials and methods) Galleria mellonella behavior was controlled by an automated system that the authors worked out for maintaining the required duration of the experiment and optical radiation parameters. The ATmega328 microcontroller was chosen as the main element of the developed microprocessor automated system. The authors created a program for it using visual programming FLProg version 5.3.0.(Results and discussion) The authors found that, regardless of the experiment duration, Galleria mellonella butterflies prefered radiation with 400 nanometers wavelength.(Conclusions) The authors determined that radiation with 400 nanometers wavelength and 10 minutes duration was attractive. They showed the ability to control Galleria mellonella behavior, luring butterflies to a specific place in the beehive with comfortable spectrum parameters. An automated system for controlling the greater wax moth butterfly behavior was developed on ATmega328 microcontroller by implementing attractive optical radiation characteristics.

An Analytic Approach to the Radiation Fields of Tubular Halogen Lamp Arrangements in RTP Reactor Blocks

1995 ◽  
Vol 387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Theiler
Keyword(s):  
Analytic Approach ◽  
Halogen Lamp ◽  
Object Plane ◽  
Radiation Characteristics ◽  
Radiation Fields ◽  
Radiation Sources ◽  
Halogen Lamps

AbstractStarting with basic physical radiation principles and with Beers law formulas for the radiation characteristics of arrays of pointlike radiation sources and tubular halogen lamps are analytically derived. Different arrangements of tubular halogen lamps are considered and compared with each other. Homogeneity criteria are worked out and it is demonstrated that the minimum homogeneity distance between a plane in which all filaments are arranged parallel to each other, and an object depends only on the distance between two neighbouring filaments and thus can be given by a simple number. Interesting aspects for RTP equipment manufacturers as well as for users are demonstrated by comparing different lamp arrangements with each other: In crossed lamp fields latticelike inhomogeneity knots arise in the object plane at points where the lamp filaments of the upper and the lower lamp plane cross. If the filaments are arranged parallel to each other in two filament planes, very homogeneous results are obtained when the filaments of the two planes interlace.

scholarly journals The in-flight blackbody calibration system for the GLORIA interferometer on board an airborne research platform

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 3067-3082 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Olschewski ◽  
A. Ebersoldt ◽  
F. Friedl-Vallon ◽  
B. Gutschwager ◽  
J. Hollandt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blackbody Radiation ◽  
National Metrology Institute ◽  
Calibration System ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Thermo Electric ◽  
Infrared Radiance ◽  
Radiation Sources ◽  
Research Aircraft ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Blackbody Calibration

Abstract. The Gimballed Limb Observer for Radiance Imaging of the Atmosphere (GLORIA) is a prototype of an imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) for PREMIER, a former candidate mission for ESA's Earth Explorer 7. GLORIA is deployed on board various research aircraft such as the Russian M55 Geophysica or the German HALO. The instrument provides detailed infrared images of the Upper Troposphere/Lower Stratosphere (UTLS) region, which plays a crucial role in the climate system. GLORIA uses a two-dimensional detector array for infrared limb observations in emission and therefore needs large-area blackbody radiation sources (126 mm × 126 mm) for calibration. In order to meet the highly demanding uncertainty requirements for the scientific objectives of the GLORIA missions and due to the sophisticated tomographic evaluation scheme, the spatial distribution of the radiance temperature of the blackbody calibration sources has to be determined with an uncertainty of about 0.1 K. Since GLORIA is exposed to the hostile environment of the UTLS with mutable low temperature and pressure, an in-flight calibration system has to be carefully designed to cope with those adverse circumstances. The GLORIA in-flight calibration system consists of two identical weight-optimised high-precision blackbody radiation sources, which are independently stabilised at two different temperatures. The two point calibration is in the range of the observed atmospheric infrared radiance emissions with 10 K below and 30 K above ambient temperature, respectively. Thermo-Electric Coolers are used to control the temperature of the blackbody radiation sources offering the advantage of avoiding cryogens and mechanical coolers. The design and performance of the GLORIA in-flight calibration system is presented. The blackbody calibration sources have been comprehensively characterised for their spatially (full aperture) and spectrally (7 to 13 μm) resolved radiation properties in terms of radiance temperatures traceable to the International Temperature Scale (ITS-90) at the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), the national metrology institute of Germany.

An Analytic Approach to the Radiation Fields of Tubular Halogen Lamp Arrangements in RTP Reactor Blocks

1995 ◽  
Vol 389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Theiler
Keyword(s):  
Analytic Approach ◽  
Halogen Lamp ◽  
Object Plane ◽  
Radiation Characteristics ◽  
Radiation Fields ◽  
Radiation Sources ◽  
Halogen Lamps

ABSTRACTStarting with basic physical radiation principles and with Beers law formulas for the radiation characteristics of arrays of pointlike radiation sources and tubular halogen lamps are analytically derived. Different arrangements of tubular halogen lamps are considered and compared with each other. Homogeneity criteria are worked out and it is demonstrated that the minimum homogeneity distance between a plane in which all filaments are arranged parallel to each other, and an object depends only on the distance between two neighbouring filaments and thus can be given by a simple number. Interesting aspects for RTP equipment manufacturers as well as for users are demonstrated by comparing different lamp arrangements with each other: In crossed lamp fields latticelike inhomogeneity knots arise in the object plane at points where the lamp filaments of the upper and the lower lamp plane cross. If the filaments are arranged parallel to each other in two filament planes, very homogeneous results are obtained when the filaments of the two planes interlace.

Effects of Periodic Structures on the Coherence Properties of Blackbody Radiation

2004 ◽  
Vol 126 (5) ◽  
pp. 786-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Hu ◽  
A. Schmidt ◽  
A. Narayanaswamy ◽  
G. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Ray Tracing ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Periodic Structures ◽  
Blackbody Radiation ◽  
Radiative Properties ◽  
Multilayer Structures ◽  
Wave Optics ◽  
Wave Interference ◽  
Radiation Sources ◽  
Random Structures

Radiative properties have been studied for one-dimensional dielectric multilayer structures subjected to blackbody radiation sources. The total hemispherical transmittances are calculated for periodic structures and structures with random variation in layer thickness, using wave-optics and ray-tracing methods. Simulation results show that for periodic structures, the transmittance calculated using wave optics approaches a nonzero constant value with an increasing number of layers, while the transmittance obtained using the ray-tracing method asymptotically approaches zero. For random structures, the transmittance given by wave optics drops to zero at different rates depending on the order of random variations in layer thickness. It is found that the wave interference effect always plays a role when dealing with multilayer structures. The results are explained based on extended and localized waves.

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