E164 Evaluation of a statistical model to predict calcium oxalate stone formers vs. patients without stone formation

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-86
Author(s):  
S. Oehlschläger ◽  
T. Muck ◽  
B. Hager ◽  
S. Füssel ◽  
M.P. Wirth
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Model ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Stone Formation ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Stone ◽  
Stone Formers

The Effect of Ethane-1-Hydroxy-1,1-Diphosphonate (EHDP) on Calcium Oxalate Crystalluria in Recurrent Renal Stone-Formers

1974 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. G. Robertson ◽  
M. Peacock ◽  
R. W. Marshall ◽  
F. Knowles
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Stone Formation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Sodium Oxalate ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Dihydrate ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Stone ◽  
Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Stone Formers

1. The volume, size and type of calcium oxalate crystals excreted in the urine of a group of patients with recurrent ‘idiopathic’ stones were studied on a controlled basal diet, after an oral supplement of sodium oxalate and after oral administration of ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonate (EHDP) for 4 weeks. 2. Before administration of EHDP the stone-formers passed the large crystals and aggregates of calcium oxalate dihydrate characteristic of recurrent calcium oxalate stone-formers. For the same level of urine saturation and crystalluria EHDP caused a significant reduction in the proportion of large crystals and aggregates excreted. Studies by light-microscopy confirmed that EHDP caused a striking change in the size and habit of calcium oxalate crystals in some but not all of the urine samples examined. 3. The decrease in average crystal size during the administration of EHDP was attributed to the observed increase in the ability of urine to inhibit the growth and aggregation of calcium oxalate crystals as measured by a growth system in vitro. 4. The possible use of EHDP as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of calcium oxalate stone-formation is discussed.

scholarly journals Papillary Pathology in Calcium Oxalate Stone Formers Who Do and Do Not Form Their Stones on Randall’s Plaque

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haider N. Al-Awadi, BS ◽  
James C. Williams, Jr., PhD
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Stone Formation ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Still Images ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Stone ◽  
Randall’S Plaque ◽  
Stone Formers ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Randall's Plaque

Background and Hypothesis: Nephrolithiasis currently affects about one-in-eleven people with a recurrence in up to half of those individuals. Formation of calcium oxalate (CaOx) stone is most common. Some CaOx stones are known to form on Randall’s plaque, which is a calcification of the renal papilla, and this kind of stone can be identified by morphology. We divided CaOx stone formers into two groups: Randall’s plaque (RP) stone formers (RPSF) and non-Randall’s plaque stone formers (NRPSF). We hypothesized that renal papillary pathologies would be different between these two groups of stone formers. Experimental Design or Project Methods: Surgical videos were assessed for papillary pathology using a semiquantitative grading system to measure papillary appearance in terms of ductal plugging and dilation, tissue surface pitting, loss of papillary contour, and RP. The second measure computed the papillary percent surface area of Randall’s plaque and ductal plugging using still images of the papilla. The scoring and quantitative measures of the papillae were compared between the two patient groups. All work was done in a manner blinded to the patient group. Results: Two-tailed t-test showed that RPSF group had higher scores of pitting and RP and lower scores for plugging when compared to the NRPSF group. Similarly, the quantitative data showed that RPSF group had a lower percentage of plugging surface area and higher percentage of RP surface area. Conclusion and Potential Impact: These data show that persons forming their CaOx stones primarily on RP have a papillary pathology that differs from CaOx stone formers who make their stones by other mechanisms. RPSF have more RP and less ductal plugging. Since the underlying pathologies existing in RP stone formation are different from other CaOx stone formers, it is possible that certain treatments could be especially effective for this group, and thus these results suggest that clinical trials that separate out this group of CaOx stone formers are warranted.

E88 Macrophage-derived cytokines and chemokines may be novel markers to predict calcium oxalate stone formation in humans

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
A. Okada ◽  
T. Yasui ◽  
K. Taguchi ◽  
Y. Ito ◽  
Y. Hirose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Stone Formation ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Stone ◽  
Cytokines And Chemokines

Oxalate absorption and endogenous oxalate synthesis from ascorbate in calcium oxalate stone formers and non-stone formers

2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1060-1069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiwen Chai ◽  
Michael Liebman ◽  
Susan Kynast-Gales ◽  
Linda Massey
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Stone ◽  
Oxalate Absorption ◽  
Stone Formers ◽  
Oxalate Synthesis

Abnormal Erythrocyte and Renal Frusemide-Sensitive Sodium Transport in Idiopathic Calcium Nephrolithiasis

1994 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Baggio ◽  
Giovanni Gambaro ◽  
Francesco Marchini ◽  
Massimo Vincenti ◽  
Giulio Ceolotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Renal Stone ◽  
Stone Formation ◽  
Fractional Excretion ◽  
Cation Transport ◽  
Anion Transport ◽  
Kinetic Properties ◽  
Distal Nephron ◽  
Stone Formers ◽  
Na Efflux

1. Anomalous transmembrane anion transport has been observed in erythrocytes of patients with idiopathic calcium nephrolithiasis. 2. To verify whether cation transport is also abnormal, we investigated the frusemide-sensitive Na+ efflux from Na+-loaded erythrocytes and the natriuretic response to acute intravenous frusemide administration in calcium oxalate renal stone formers. 3. Frusemide administration induced a statistically significant smaller increase in the fractional excretion of Na+ in patients than in control subjects. Abnormal kinetic properties of erythrocyte Na+-K+-2Cl− co-transport were observed in approximately 60% of stone formers. The Km for Na+ of Na+-K+-2Cl− co-transport correlated with urinary Ca2+ excretion. 4. The abnormal kinetic properties of Na+-K+-2Cl− co-transport may be relevant for stone formation, hampering renal Ca2+ reabsorption in the distal nephron and determining critical physicochemical conditions for calcium/oxalate crystallization.

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