INTERPRETATION OF ANTI-UROLITHIATIC ACTIVITY OF HIBISCUS ROSA SINENSIS FLOWER HYDRO ALCOHOLIC EXTRACT BY UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRY & TURBIDIMETRY

The main objective of this study is to determine efficacy of Hibiscus rosa sinensis flowers hydro alcoholic extract used for dissolve Calcium oxalate stone by treating stones with different concentrations of extracts. UV Spectroscopy instrument were used to detected absorbance of light by the crystal in the present in the herbal extract in different concentration. Turbidity meter is the instrument which is used to determine the turbidity in the sample. As a result, this study data show hydro alcoholic extract of the hibiscus rosa sinensis show significant reduction in crystal size reduction 10% to 60% inhibition of crystal formation in the presence of different concentration 100 μg, 500 μg ,1000 μg. The studies data support significant inhibition of crystal formation using hydro alcoholic extract of hibiscus flower for vitro anti-urolithic activity. The formation of suitable dosage form and use on the animal models will be increase the chance of better results.

Spectrum of chemical analysis of 150 consecutive upper urinary tract stones with critical analysis in respect of demographic and geographical distribution

Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the chemical composition of urinary stones and pattern of changes according to the patient's demographic and geographical distribution.Methods: 150 patients of upper tract urolithiasis were prospectively selected during the study period. Chemical composition was analyzed by FTIR spectroscopy. A subgroup study based on the patient's age, sex and geographical origin was done. For subgroup analysis patients were divided into two age groups; group A (5-18 years, 14 patients) and group B (>18 years, 136 patients). The geographical origin of the patients was recorded according to the administrative division.Results: Male were predominant in all age groups with ratio of 2.49:1. Most of the patients were from Rangpur (28.67%) and Mymensingh (20.67) division. Mixed composition stones were much more common than pure one (75.99% vs 24.01%). Overall, combination of calcium oxalate monohydrate with dehydrate was the most common composition (56.67%). Calcium oxalate was the predominant chemical composition in 82% of stones, followed by struvite in 9.33%, apatite in 4.67%, uric acid in 3.33% and cystine in 0.67%. The proportion of calcium oxalate stone was increasing while that of struvite, uric acid, and cystine stone was decreasing with age. But stone composition did not show any significant difference on geographical distribution.Conclusions: Calcium oxalate is the most common composition of urinary stones in all age groups. Mixed stones are more common than pure ones. The incidence of calcium oxalate stone increases while that of struvite, uric acid, and cystine stone decreases with age.

Rating of Oxalate Ions of Various Fruits in Different Phases

The oxalate content of Beet, Sweet Potato, Tomato, Guava, Sapatofruits at different phases of raw, semi ripening and ripening were found out by permanganometric method. Oxalate rich foods are usually restricted to some degree, particularly in patients with high urinary oxalate level. During ripening of Beet, Sweet Potato, Tomato, Guava, Sapatofruits; the oxalate content increases progressively and the fully ripe fruit has the maximum oxalate content. Oxalate form an insoluble complex with calcium in the urine, or hyper-oxaluria, is even more important to stone formation than high levels of calcium or hyper-calcicuria. Excessive intake of food and drink containing oxalate leads to calcium oxalate stone. Also, excessive intake of vitamin C which metabolized to oxalate may lead to hyper-calcicuria and an increase in stone formation. Pain medications can be prescribed for symptom relief. Surgical techniques have also been developed to remove kidney stones. This in turn will provide an advice to take semi ripened fruits always balancing the taste of the fruit and physiological effect of affecting the kindney by oxalate content.