scholarly journals Waterless fracturing fluid with low carbon hydrocarbon as base fluid for unconventional reservoirs

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 646-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangqian HOU ◽  
Yongjun LU ◽  
Bo FANG ◽  
Xiaohui QIU ◽  
Weixiang CUI
Keyword(s):  
Base Fluid ◽  
Unconventional Reservoirs ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Fracturing Fluid ◽  
Waterless Fracturing

Experimental Evaluation on the Effect of Nanofluids Physical Properties With Different Concentrations on Grinding Temperature

2020 ◽  
pp. 203-225
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Base Fluid ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Grinding Force ◽  
Grinding Temperature ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Heat Transfer Mechanism ◽  
Transfer Capability ◽  
Heat Transfer Capability ◽  
Technical Guidance

This chapter is proposed to solve the insufficient MQL cooling and heat transfer capability based on the heat transfer enhancement theory of solid. Adding nanoparticles into the base fluid can significantly elevate heat conductivity coefficient of the base fluid and enhance convective heat transfer capability of the grinding area. Researchers have carried out numerous experimental studies on nanofluids with different concentrations. However, the scientific nature of MQL cooling has not been explained. Degradable, nontoxic, low-carbon, and environmentally friendly green grinding fluid, palm oil taken as the base fluid, grinding force, grinding temperature and proportionality coefficient of energy transferred to workpiece of nanofluids with different volume fractions, are investigated in this chapter. Based on the analysis of the influence of physical characteristics of nanofluids on experimental results, cooling and heat transfer mechanism of NMQL grinding is studied. The experimental study can provide a certain technical guidance for industrial machining.

Experimental Evaluation on Tribological Performance of the Wheel/Workpiece Interface in NMQL Grinding With Different Concentrations of Al2o3 Nanofluids

2020 ◽  
pp. 317-336
Keyword(s):  
Base Fluid ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Machining Performance ◽  
Force Ratio ◽  
Lubrication Performance ◽  
Transfer Capability ◽  
Green Lubricant ◽  
Al2o3 Nanofluid

As a result of the growing need for environmental protection and the increasing number of health problems faced by workers, traditional lubricants are gradually being replaced. Nanofluids, which contain nanoparticles in the proper base fluid, can serve as a low carbon, “green” lubricant. Nanofluids show improved heat transfer capability and lubricating properties. Therefore, increasing lubricating effects is an effective way to improve machining performance. The tribological properties of grinding wheel/workpiece interface with different concentration of Al2O3 nanofluid micro-lubrication grinding were studied. The influences of the force ratio, viscosity and contact angle of Al2O3 nanofluids with different concentrations on the grinding force and the surface quality of workpieces are discussed. The best concentration of Al2O3 nanofluid with good lubrication performance in grinding zone was obtained.

Advances in waterless fracturing technologies for unconventional reservoirs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoyang Zhang ◽  
Jincheng Mao ◽  
Xiaojiang Yang ◽  
Jinzhou Zhao ◽  
Gregory S. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Unconventional Reservoirs ◽  
Waterless Fracturing

Development of a Smart Fracturing Fluid for Tight and Unconventional Reservoirs

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwan N. Mohammed ◽  
Mohamed Mahmoud ◽  
Salaheldin Elkatatny
Keyword(s):  
Unconventional Reservoirs ◽  
Fracturing Fluid

Experimental Study on Novel High Density and High Temperature Tolerant Fracturing Fluid

2014 ◽  
Vol 1006-1007 ◽  
pp. 152-155
Author(s):  
Bo Xiao ◽  
Rui Ma
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Base Fluid ◽  
High Density ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Fracturing Fluid ◽  
Fluid System ◽  
Crosslinking Process ◽  
Viscosity Enhancement ◽  
High Shearing

Based on weighted agent sodium chloride, this study introduces a high density and high temperature tolerant fracturing fluid. According to the evaluation of the effect of weighted agent on the performance of base fluid and crosslinked fluid, conclusions can be got as follows. Introduction of weighted agent provides an auxiliary viscosity enhancement of the base fluid to some extent. Meanwhile, the crosslinked time is prolonged and gel breaking becomes more difficult owing to the interference effect of metal ions exerted on the crosslinking process between molecular chains of guar and crosslinker. Moreover, the experiments show that the novel fluid system has a strong tolerance of high temperature and high shearing rate. The viscosity of the fluid system with 15% weighted agent sodium chloride can maintain 160 mPa•s after 120 min shearing at 170 s-1under the temperature of 150 °C. The excellent performance of the fluid system ensures it has a good stimulation effect in the fracturing treatment in the deep and high temperature formation stimulation treatment.

scholarly journals Supramolecular dynamic binary complexes with pH and salt-responsive properties for use in unconventional reservoirs

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0260786
Author(s):  
Bhargavi Bhat ◽  
Shuhao Liu ◽  
Yu-Ting Lin ◽  
Martin L. Sentmanat ◽  
Joseph Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Unconventional Reservoirs ◽  
Binary Complex ◽  
Fracturing Fluid ◽  
Zero Shear Viscosity ◽  
Fracturing Fluids ◽  
Binary Complexes ◽  
Alkaline Conditions

Hydraulic fracturing of unconventional reservoirs has seen a boom in the last century, as a means to fulfill the growing energy demand in the world. The fracturing fluid used in the process plays a substantial role in determining the results. Hence, several research and development efforts have been geared towards developing more sustainable, efficient, and improved fracturing fluids. Herein, we present a dynamic binary complex (DBC) solution, with potential to be useful in the hydraulic fracturing domain. It has a supramolecular structure formed by the self-assembly of low molecular weight viscosifiers (LMWVs) oleic acid and diethylenetriamine into an elongated entangled network under alkaline conditions. With less than 2 wt% constituents dispersed in aqueous solution, a viscous gel that exhibits high viscosities even under shear was formed. Key features include responsiveness to pH and salinity, and a zero-shear viscosity that could be tuned by a factor of ~280 by changing the pH. Furthermore, its viscous properties were more pronounced in the presence of salt. Sand settling tests revealed its potential to hold up sand particles for extended periods of time. In conclusion, this DBC solution system has potential to be utilized as a smart salt-responsive, pH-switchable hydraulic fracturing fluid.

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