scholarly journals Assessment of antidiabetic activity and acute toxicity of leaf extracts from Physalis peruviana L. in guinea-pig

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 841-846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Félicien Mushagalusa Kasali ◽  
Justin Ntokamunda Kadima ◽  
Pius Tshimankinda Mpiana ◽  
Koto-te-Nyiwa Ngbolua ◽  
Damien Sha-Tshibey Tshibangu
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Physalis Peruviana

scholarly journals Inhibitory Potential and Antidiabetic Activity of Leaf Extracts of Justicia carnea

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-45
Author(s):  
Onuabuchi Nnenna Ani ◽  
Stanley Chidi Udedi ◽  
Kelechi Kingsley Asogwa ◽  
Michael Okey Enemali ◽  
Chigozie Michael Onwelumadu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Competitive Inhibition ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Inhibitory Potential

The aim of this study was to evaluate the in-vitro inhibitory potential of various leaf extracts of Justicia carnea on alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase activities and the anti-diabetic activity of the ethanol leaf extract using albino wistar rats. The analyses were carried out using standard biochemical methods. The oral acute toxicity test (LD50) in rats of the ethanol leaf extract was determined using Lorke’s method. Diabetes was induced in the rats by a single intraperitoneal dose of 120 mg/kg. b.w of alloxan. Six (6) experimental groups of rats (n=6) were used for the study. Three groups of diabetic rats received oral daily doses of 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg ethanol leaf extract of Justicia carnea respectively while gilbenclamide (5 mg/ml); a standard diabetic drug was administered to a specific group. Treatment lasted for 14 days. From the results of the in-vitro inhibitory activity, the different extracts of Justicia carnea demonstrated dose dependent strong inhibitory activity against α-amylase but moderate inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase. The ethanol leaf extract was the most potent inhibitor of both α-amylase and α-glucosidase in comparison with other extracts and acarbose; the standard. The ethanol leaf extract exhibited maximum of 82.18% inhibition with IC50 of 2.99 ± 1.14 mg/ml for α-amylase and 41.66% with IC50 of 9.66 mg/ml ± 0.32 mg/ml for α-glucosidase. From the analysis of the Lineweaver-Burk plot, the ethanol leaf extract exhibited mixed noncompetitive inhibition of α-amylase and competitive inhibition of α-glucosidase activities. The acute toxicity study showed that the extract had an LD50 > 5000 mg/kg. From the result of the anti-diabetic study, the fasting blood glucose levels significantly (p<0.05) decreased in the animals treated with the ethanol leaf extract of Justicia carnea when compared to the untreated rats. It can be concluded from the results that the leaf extracts of Justicia carnea can be used in the management of diabetes.

Acute toxicity in the guinea pig and in vitro “dioxin‐like” activity of the environmental contaminant 1,2,4,5,7,8‐hexachloro(9h)xanthene

1987 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony P. DeCaprio ◽  
Robert Briggs ◽  
John F. Gierthy ◽  
James C. S. Kim ◽  
Robert D. Kleopfer
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Environmental Contaminant

scholarly journals Antidiabetic activity of tannin fraction of Bridelia ferruginea (Benth) leaf extract on fructose-induced diabetic mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
Sabrina Sanvee ◽  
Oudjaniyobi Simalou ◽  
Gneiny Whad Tchani ◽  
Hèzouwè Kagnou ◽  
Batomayena Bakoma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Bridelia Ferruginea

Introduction: Bridelia ferruginea is a plant known for its antidiabetic properties. However, few studies on leaf extracts have induced anti-hyperglycemic activity on normal mice subjected to carbohydrate overload. The current study was designed to assess the effect of the leaf extracts’ fraction on fructose-induced diabetic mice. Methods: The in vitro ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay were carried out and the condensed tannins quantified. The vanillin-HCl method was used to characterize the condensed tannins. The antidiabetic effect on fructose-induced diabetic mice was evaluated for 28 days using a fructose-enriched fat diet approach. Results: The fraction confirmed the antioxidant activity with a reducing power of 800 μg/mL comparable to ascorbic acid at 200 μg/mL. The condensed tannins were estimated at 79.6 ± 3.4 mg catechin equivalent per gram of sample. Significant decreases in blood sugar levels of 6.25% at the 7th day, 11.04% at the 14th day, 12.61% at the 21th day, and 11.35% at the 28th day were obtained in mice treated with the extract dose of 200 mg/kg of body weight, compared to the positive control group. The decreases of 37.11% of triglycerides and 40.16% of total cholesterol were also obtained. Conclusion: The investigated fraction showed notable antidiabetic activity and might be a good candidate in the treatment of diabetes.

scholarly journals ACUTE TOXICITY AND PATHOLOGICAL EFFECT OF ANNONA SQUAMOSA SEED AND LEAF EXTRACTS ON THE TISSUES OF CYPRINUS CARPIO.

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 1094-1101
Author(s):  
SyedaHina Kauser ◽  
◽  
Shoeiba Tasneem ◽  
Rafath Yasmeen ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Annona Squamosa ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Pathological Effect

scholarly journals Phytochemical evaluation and in vitro antidiabetic efficiency of isopropanolic leaf extract of pimenta racemosa

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Anitha T A ◽  
Pakutharivu T ◽  
Nirubama K ◽  
Akshaya V
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Pimenta Racemosa

The traditional herbal medicines are mainly obtained from plants are used in the management of Diabetes mellitus. The main objective of this work was to assess the presence of phytochemical compounds and to evaluate the in vitro antidiabetic activity of isopropanolic extracts of Pimenta racemosa leaves by studying their α-amylase inhibitory activity and glucose transport across yeast cells. Screening of phytochemicals showed positive results for alkaloids, steroids, cardiac glycosides, terpenoids, reducing sugars, anthraquinones, and results of in vitro α-amylase inhibitory studies demonstrated there was a dose-dependent increase in percentage inhibitory activity by the isopropanolic leaf extracts of Pimenta racemosa. At a concentration of 1 mg/ml, the extract showed a percentage inhibition 33.6 and for 5 mg/ml it was 91.2. The glucose uptake study was also studied through yeast cells by analyzing theamount of glucose remaining in the medium after a specific time intervals. It serves as an indicator for the capability of isopropanolic leaf extracts of Pimenta racemosa to transport the glucose into yeast cells. As a result, we found that the isopropanolic leaf extract of Pimenta racemosa have inhibitory activity against αamylase and also, which is efficient in glucose uptake. This therapeutic potentiality of Pimenta racemosa could be exploited in the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes mellitus. Further studies are also required to elucidate whether the plant have antidiabetic potential by in vivo for corroborating the traditional claim of the plant.

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