Conceptual and Methodological Reflections on Schizotypy, Schizotypic Psychopathology, Cluster A Disorders, and Schizophrenia: Commentary on Cluster A Personality Disorders

2020 ◽  
pp. 212-216
Author(s):  
Mark F. Lenzenweger
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Cluster A

The heritability of cluster A personality disorders assessed by both personal interview and questionnaire

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (05) ◽  
pp. 655 ◽  
Author(s):  
KENNETH S. KENDLER ◽  
JOHN MYERS ◽  
SVENN TORGERSEN ◽  
MICHAEL C. NEALE ◽  
TED REICHBORN-KJENNERUD
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Personal Interview ◽  
Cluster A

Pattern of Comorbidity Among Anxious and Odd Personality Disorders: The Case of Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 23-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Rossi ◽  
Maria Grazia Marinangeli ◽  
Giancarlo Butti ◽  
Artemis Kalyvoka ◽  
Concetta Petruzzi
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Cluster A ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine the pattern of comorbidity among obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) and other personality disorders (PDs) in a sample of 400 psychiatric inpatients. PDs were assessed using the Semistructured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R Personality Disorders (SCID-II). Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated to determine significant comorbidity among OCPD and other axis II disorders. The most elevated odds ratios were found for the cooccurrence of OCPD with cluster A PDs (the “odd” PDs, or paranoid and schizoid PDs). These results are consistent with those of previous studies showing a higher cooccurrence of OCPD with cluster A than with cluster C (“anxious”) PDs. In light of these observations, issues associated with the nosologic status of OCPD within the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders clustering system remain unsettled.

Schizophrenia and Cluster A Personality Disorders

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tullio Scrimali ◽  
Liria Grimaldi
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Research Program ◽  
Electrodermal Activity ◽  
Human Information Processing ◽  
Brain Potentials ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Cluster A

The authors have conducted a research program on the interface between psychophysiology and cognitive therapy for a number of years. Here, they describe a recent study concerning schizophrenia and cluster A personality disorders (paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal). They studied some psychophysiological parameters such as evoked brain potentials and electrodermal activity as well as other aspects concerning parenting. This last topic was investigated by means of the parental bonding instrument. Three groups participated in this study: 10 schizophrenic patients, 10 patients affected by cluster A personality disorders (5 paranoid, 1 schizoid and 4 schizotypal) and 10 controls. The authors found some specific, different patterns among the three groups concerning arousal, human information processing and attachment. These results are discussed in the light of their implications for cognitive therapy. The authors give different guidelines for cognitive therapy of schizophrenic patients and cluster A personality disorder.

scholarly journals A longitudinal twin study of cluster A personality disorders

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 1531-1538 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. Kendler ◽  
S. H. Aggen ◽  
M. C. Neale ◽  
G. P. Knudsen ◽  
R. F. Krueger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Genetic Risk Factors ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Environmental Correlations ◽  
Cluster A ◽  
The Cross

BackgroundWhile cluster A personality disorders (PDs) have been shown to be moderately heritable, we know little about the temporal stability of these genetic risk factors.MethodParanoid PD (PPD) and schizotypal PD (STPD) were assessed using the Structured Interview for DSM-IV Personality in 2793 young adult twins from the Norwegian Institute of Public Health Twin Panel at wave 1 and 2282 twins on average 10 years later at wave 2. Using the program Mx, we fitted a longitudinal latent factor model using the number of endorsed criteria for PPD and STPD.ResultsThe stability over time of the criteria counts for PPD and STPD, estimated as polychoric correlations, were +0.34 and +0.40, respectively. The best-fit longitudinal model included only additive genetic and individual-specific environmental factors with parameter estimates constrained to equality across the two waves. The cross-wave genetic and individual-specific environmental correlations for a latent cluster A factor were estimated to equal +1.00 and +0.13, respectively. The cross-time correlations for genetic and environmental effects specific to the individual PDs were estimated at +1.00 and +0.16–0.20, respectively. We found that 68% and 71% of the temporal stability of PPD and STPD derived, respectively, from the effect of genetic factors.ConclusionShared genetic risk factors for two of the cluster A PDs are highly stable in adults over a 10-year period while environmental risk factors are relatively transient. Over two-thirds of the long-term stability of the common cluster A PD liability can be attributed to genetic influences.

Sensitivity to Punishment Predicts Cluster A Personality Disorders Symptoms

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie E. Hundt ◽  
Christopher M. Lootens ◽  
John T. Mitchell ◽  
Nathan A. Kimbrel ◽  
Rosemery O. Nelson-Gray
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Cluster A ◽  
Sensitivity To Punishment

Personality Traits and Disorders Among Adult ADHD Patients: Is Borderline Personality Disorder as Common as we Expect?

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S258-S258 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Oliva ◽  
S. Bramante ◽  
A. Portigliatti Pomeri ◽  
C. Carezana ◽  
G. Nibbio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Cluster A ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Low Prevalence

IntroductionPatients with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) have shown a high risk to develop a DSM cluster B (i.e., Borderline, OR = 13.16; Antisocial, OR = 3.03; Narcissistic, OR = 8.69) and DSM Avoidant personality disorder (OR = 9.77). Similarly, higher rates of DSM cluster B personality disorder were found among adult ADHD patients (6-25%) than general population. Although some authors investigated the prevalence of personality traits and disorders among adult ADHD patients, no studies have been yet reported about the assessment of Millon's Evolution-Based Personality profiles in adult ADHD patients.AimsTo explore the prevalence of personality traits and disorders among adult ADHD patients.MethodsMillon's personality traits and disorders were assessed in a consecutive sample of 35 adult ADHD outpatients accessing the Service for Adult ADHD of the AOU San Luigi Gonzaga (Orbassano, TO) using the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory–III (MCMI-III).ResultsAccording to the MCMI-III manual, ADHD patients in our sample showed more frequently both Cluster C and Cluster A traits and disorders, with a high prevalence of avoidant/depressive (8.6%/14.3%) and negativistic/self-defeating (20%/5.7%) personality disorders. Conversely, we found a low prevalence of Narcissistic (5.7%) and Histrionic (5.7%) traits, and no patient showed Borderline personality traits or disorder.ConclusionsUnexpectedly, the dimensional assessment of adult ADHD personality reveals a high prevalence of cluster C and cluster A personality traits and disorders, and a low prevalence of cluster B personality disorders.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Dimensional representations of DSM-IV Cluster A personality disorders in a population-based sample of Norwegian twins: a multivariate study

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 1583-1591 ◽  
Author(s):  
KENNETH S. KENDLER ◽  
NIKOLAI CZAJKOWSKI ◽  
KRISTIAN TAMBS ◽  
SVENN TORGERSEN ◽  
STEVEN H. AGGEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Twin Model ◽  
Limited Power ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Cluster A

Background. The ‘odd’ or ‘Cluster A’ personality disorders (PDs) – paranoid, schizoid and schizotypal PDs – were created in DSM-III with little empirical foundation. We have examined the relationship between the genetic and environmental risk factors for dimensional representations of these three personality disorders.Method. These personality disorders were assessed using the Structured Interview for DSM-IV Personality (SIDP-IV) in 1386 young adult twin pairs from the Norwegian Institute of Public Health Twin Panel. Using Mx, a single-factor independent pathway twin model was fitted to the number of endorsed criteria for the three disorders.Results. The best-fit model included genetic and unique environmental common factors and genetic and unique environmental effects specific to each personality disorder. Total heritability was modest for these personality disorders and ranged from 21% to 28%. Loadings on the common genetic and unique environmental factors were substantially higher for schizotypal than for paranoid or schizoid PD. The proportion of genetic liability shared with all Cluster A disorders was estimated at 100, 43 and 26% respectively for schizotypal, paranoid and schizoid PDs.Conclusion. In support of the validity of the Cluster A construct, dimensional representations of schizotypal, paranoid and schizoid PD are all modestly heritable and share a portion of their genetic and environmental risk factors. No evidence was found for shared environmental or sex effects for these PDs. Schizotypal PD most closely reflects the genetic and environmental liability common to all three Cluster A disorders. These results should be interpreted in the context of the limited power of this sample.

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