Glacially-Triggered Faulting

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Earth ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Fault Activity ◽  
Current State ◽  
Investigation Methods ◽  
Art Research ◽  
International Experts ◽  
Fault Scarps

Glacially triggered faulting describes movement of pre-existing faults caused by a combination of tectonic and glacially induced isostatic stresses. The most impressive fault-scarps are found in northern Europe, assumed to be reactivated at the end of the deglaciation. This view has been challenged as new faults have been discovered globally with advanced techniques such as LiDAR, and fault activity dating has shown several phases of reactivation thousands of years after deglaciation ended. This book summarizes the current state-of-the-art research in glacially triggered faulting, discussing the theoretical aspects that explain the presence of glacially induced structures and reviews the geological, geophysical, geodetic and geomorphological investigation methods. Written by a team of international experts, it provides the first global overview of confirmed and proposed glacially induced faults, and provides an outline for modelling these stresses and features. It is a go-to reference for geoscientists and engineers interested in ice sheet-solid Earth interaction.

The SLC9A-C Mammalian Na+/H+Exchanger Family: Molecules, Mechanisms, and Physiology

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 2015-2113 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. F. Pedersen ◽  
L. Counillon
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Tissue Expression ◽  
Gene Organization ◽  
Core Knowledge ◽  
Current State ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved ◽  
Solute Carrier ◽  
Art Research

Na+/H+exchangers play pivotal roles in the control of cell and tissue pH by mediating the electroneutral exchange of Na+and H+across cellular membranes. They belong to an ancient family of highly evolutionarily conserved proteins, and they play essential physiological roles in all phyla. In this review, we focus on the mammalian Na+/H+exchangers (NHEs), the solute carrier (SLC) 9 family. This family of electroneutral transporters constitutes three branches: SLC9A, -B, and -C. Within these, each isoform exhibits distinct tissue expression profiles, regulation, and physiological roles. Some of these transporters are highly studied, with hundreds of original articles, and some are still only rudimentarily understood. In this review, we present and discuss the pioneering original work as well as the current state-of-the-art research on mammalian NHEs. We aim to provide the reader with a comprehensive view of core knowledge and recent insights into each family member, from gene organization over protein structure and regulation to physiological and pathophysiological roles. Particular attention is given to the integrated physiology of NHEs in the main organ systems. We provide several novel analyses and useful overviews, and we pinpoint main remaining enigmas, which we hope will inspire novel research on these highly versatile proteins.

scholarly journals Prosumer Flexibility: A Comprehensive State-of-the-Art Review and Scientometric Analysis

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Gough ◽  
Sérgio F. Santos ◽  
Mohammed Javadi ◽  
Rui Castro ◽  
João P. S. Catalão
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Scientometric Analysis ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Text Analytics ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Detailed Understanding ◽  
Current State ◽  
Visual Text ◽  
Art Research

There is a growing need for increased flexibility in modern power systems. Traditionally, this flexibility has been provided by supply-side technologies. There has been an increase in the research surrounding flexibility services provided by demand-side actors and technologies, especially flexibility services provided by prosumers (those customers who both produce and consume electricity). This work gathers 1183 peer-reviewed journal articles concerning the topic and uses them to identify the current state of the art. This body of literature was analysed with two leading textual and scientometric analysis tools, SAS© Visual Text Analytics and VOSviewer, in order to provide a detailed understanding of the current state-of-the-art research on prosumer flexibility. Trends, key ideas, opportunities and challenges were identified and discussed.

On Self Intersections of Freeform Curves and Surfaces

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gershon Elber
Keyword(s):  
Algebraic Structure ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Geometric Design ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Challenging Problem ◽  
Curves And Surfaces ◽  
Current State ◽  
Art Research ◽  
Surface Intersections

The computations of curve-curve and surface-surface intersections are considered difficult problems in geometric design. Numerous results were annually published on these topics for the last several decades. Moreover, the detection and more so the computation and even elimination of self-intersections in freeform curves and surfaces is viewed by many as a far more challenging problem, with much fewer satisfactory results. In recent years, several methods were developed to robustly detect, compute and even eliminate self intersections in general freeform (typically NURBs) curves and surfaces, exploiting intrinsic and/or geometric properties, on one side, and the algebraic structure of the shape, on the other. Other methods are specific and employ special properties of the problem in hand, as is the case of offset computation. In this work, we will survey some of our results and others, and provide a birds view of the current state-of-the-art research, on the self-intersections problem, in the freeform domain.

Vacuum Cooling of Meat Products: Current State-of-the-Art Research Advances

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 1024-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaohui Feng ◽  
Liana Drummond ◽  
Zhihang Zhang ◽  
Da-Wen Sun ◽  
Qijun Wang
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Current State ◽  
Vacuum Cooling ◽  
Art Research

Behavioral Genetics: Concepts for Research and Practice in Language Development and Disorders

1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 1126-1142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey W. Gilger
Keyword(s):  
Language Development ◽  
Behavioral Genetics ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Behavioral Genetic ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Future Goals ◽  
Current State ◽  
Research Designs

This paper is an introduction to behavioral genetics for researchers and practioners in language development and disorders. The specific aims are to illustrate some essential concepts and to show how behavioral genetic research can be applied to the language sciences. Past genetic research on language-related traits has tended to focus on simple etiology (i.e., the heritability or familiality of language skills). The current state of the art, however, suggests that great promise lies in addressing more complex questions through behavioral genetic paradigms. In terms of future goals it is suggested that: (a) more behavioral genetic work of all types should be done—including replications and expansions of preliminary studies already in print; (b) work should focus on fine-grained, theory-based phenotypes with research designs that can address complex questions in language development; and (c) work in this area should utilize a variety of samples and methods (e.g., twin and family samples, heritability and segregation analyses, linkage and association tests, etc.).

Schizophrenia Research: Current State of the Art

1976 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 497-498
Author(s):  
STANLEY GRAND
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Current State
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