Church Building and Society in the Later Middle Ages

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Byng
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Church Building

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. xx-19
Author(s):  
Joanne Parker ◽  
Corinna Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Language Politics ◽  
Economic Discourse ◽  
Romantic Poetry ◽  
Cultural Movements ◽  
Gothic Novels ◽  
Church Building ◽  
Art And Architecture

The introductory chapter charts the evolution of Victorian medievalism in art and architecture, literature and language, politics and social life in Britain, but also in Europe and the Americas. The introduction compares and contrasts what were often described as the two great cultural movements of the century: medievalism and classicism. It examines the turn toward the Middle Ages in earlier eras, and traces the various nineteenth-century offshoots of this turn, including antiquarian collecting, Romantic poetry, Gothic novels, Pre-Raphaelite painting, church building in New Zealand and Canada, popular music and dance, colonial economic discourse, and in the language of Toryism, radicalism, High Church Anglicanism and even utilitarianism. The introduction describes how Victorian medievalist architecture, art, and literature are finally receiving the attention and appreciation they deserve—far more than they had received throughout much of the twentieth century—from scholars, curators, collectors, conservators, town planners, and members of the general public alike.

Nationalism and Architecture: The Creation of a National Style in Serbian Architecture and Its Political Implications

1997 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bratislav Pantelić
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Medieval Architecture ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
Romantic Era ◽  
Church Building ◽  
Byzantine Architecture ◽  
National Monuments ◽  
National Survival ◽  
Definition Of

From the mid-nineteenth century until the late 1930s the dominant architectural mode in Serbia was a local historicist style termed Serbo-Byzantine. At first it was used only for churches but was soon extended to schools and then to all types of buildings. Although mostly based on academic revivalist forms, this idiom, which purportedly drew its inspiration from Balkan medieval architecture, did, on occasion, display distinctly local characteristics. Although part of a pan-European trend. Serbian historicism was detached from architectural developments elsewhere. Unlike other Romantic-era revivalist movements. Serbo-Byzantine architecture was not sponsored for its picturesque or romantic qualities but above all for its symbolism. It was widely believed that forms derived from the national monuments of the Middle Ages symbolized Serbian statehood and contained ethnic and religious attributes representative of the Serbian nation. Architecture in Serbia was thus primarily a means for articulating national policy and a powerful instrument for maintaining the national and religious unity of a widely separated group of people. Ideologists of the national program even believed that the definition of a style particular to the Serbs was a matter of national survival. Such political bias was conditioned by ethnic and territorial disputes among the various ethnic groups in the Balkan dominions of the Hapsburg and Ottoman empires. After 1945 the new Communist authorities proscribed historicism as nationalistic and promoted a utilitarian brand of nonornamental architecture which contained no national overtones. Serbian historicism, however, demonstrated unusual vitality; resurgence of nationalism in the 1980s was accompanied by a spate of church building in the Serbo-Byzantine style, which reasserted its position as the canonical style of the Orthodox church.

scholarly journals Christian Mangup: The Modern Source Base and the Main Stages of Its History

2021 ◽  
pp. 255-281
Author(s):  
Valery E. Naumenko ◽  
Aleksandr G. Gertsen ◽  
Darya V. Iozhitsa
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Entire Period ◽  
Sixth Century ◽  
The South ◽  
Christian Community ◽  
Church Building ◽  
History Of ◽  
Available Information ◽  
The Church

Throughout the entire period of the Middle Ages, the settlement of Mangup was one of the most important ideological centres for the spread of Christianity in the south-western Crimea. From the creation of the independent Gothic bishopric on, it housed the residence and the cathedral church of the hierarchs of Crimean Gothia. This is evidenced by numerous churches and monasteries discovered by many-year-long excavations of the site (27 in total). This paper is the first in the scholarship attempt of systematization of all available information from the sources related to the Christian history of the castle of Mangup, written, epigraphic, archaeological, and so on. Particular attention has been paid to the results of modern excavations of the church archaeology monuments at the settlement in question, carried out systematically in 2012–2021. They formed the basis for the reconstruction of the main stages of church building and the most important periods in the history of the local Christian community. Generally, it covers a wide period from the mid-sixth century, when a big basilica featuring the nave and two aisles, the future cathedral of the Gothic bishopric (metropolia), was built at Mangup along with the large Byzantine castle, and finished in the early seventeenth century. The construction and functioning of most part of known churches and monasteries of the castle of Mangup dates to the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, when this site finally developed into a large mediaeval city, the capital of the principality of Theodoro in the south-western Crimea.

Gabriel Byng. Church Building and Society in the Later Middle Ages.

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 1510-1511
Author(s):  
Phillipp R. Schofield
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Church Building

scholarly journals The Development of Arts in the Context of the Stroganovs’ Activity as Ktitors and Art Patrons in the 16th-17th Centuries

2020 ◽  
pp. 924-944
Author(s):  
Natalia V. Parfentieva ◽  
Nikolai P. Parfentiev
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The Family ◽  
Church Building ◽  
Art And Culture ◽  
History Of ◽  
Culture Development

The Stroganovs, known in the 16th–17th centuries as merchants, industrialists and landowners, left a deep mark in the history of not only the economy, but also of the culture of Russia. There is the vast scientific literature covering various aspects of the family members’ life, but their ktitor (founder and donator of church building) and art patronage activities of that time were not specifically studied. Only certain aspects were considered in the context of scientific searches in the field of art history. The authors of the article show that primarily the ktitor activity of the Stroganovs was consisted in the construction of numerous parish churches at their own expense during the development of the vast Ural-Pomor lands. This activity acquires great spiritual and cultural significance with the construction of magnificent stone Cathedrals (Sol’vychegodsk, Nizhny Novgorod, etc.), especially the family Blagoveshchensky (Annunciation) Cathedral (1560-1584) in Sol’vychegodsk, in which even a ktitor’s place was arranged. Concerns about providing the churches with everything necessary led to the foundation by the Stroganovs icon painting and book-writing workshops, decorative needlework and silver jewellery making, and the support of the Usol’e (Stroganov) masters of chanting. With a certain degree of conventionality for that time, the Stroganovs can be called not only ktitors, but also patrons of the arts. The theme of patronage of art and culture development by individuals in certain historical periods is often found in world science, but as a rule, on the examples of the Modern Age period. A few works are known about medieval patronage (about European rulers mainly). Therefore, the presented work highlighting the rare theme of patronage in Russia in the late Middle Ages complements the data of this issue at the world level. Thus, the purpose of the researching is to present in a generalized form the phenomenon of the flourishing of arts in the Stroganovs’ possessions precisely in the context of the formation and development of their activity as founders and donators of church building and art patrons in the 16th–17th centuries. This multifaceted activity is interpreted as the basis for the development of arts in the period under review. On the basis of the available scientific data, including one belonging to the authors, as well as with the involvement of new materials, a generalizing analysis of Stroganov masters’ works of art is also presented. The most significant scientific approaches are the complexity and interdisciplinary of the study. The results of solving the posed issue complement the modern scientific knowledge about the ways of development of art and ecclesiastical culture of Russia

scholarly journals Application of PiCUS® Sonic Tomograph 3 in studies on the cultural heritage of the Lublin region – restoration of the Eastern Orthodox church of the Dormition of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Uhrusk

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-14
Author(s):  
Margot Dudkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Virgin Mary ◽  
Eastern Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Healthy State ◽  
The First World War ◽  
The Status ◽  
Church Building ◽  
The Temple ◽  
First World

Uhrusk is a small town located in eastern Poland, in the Lublin region, along the border river, the Bug. The temple is situated on the outskirts of the village, on a low hill, where there was a castle founded by Prince Daniel Halicki in the Middle Ages. The Orthodox church existed here before 1220, and for the first decades of its functioning it had the status of a council. Today, the existing church building was erected in 1849 as a Greek Catholic temple founded by the owner of local estate, Laura Kirsztejnowa. In 1915, the church was abandoned when the Orthodox residents of Uhrusk became refugees. In the years 1920-1927, it was renovated, due to significant losses suffered during the First World War and the Polish-Bolshevik war. The building was open again from 1920 to 1947, after which it was closed following the deportation of Orthodox Ukrainians as part of the “Wisła” Operation. At the end of the 1950s, the Orthodox church was restored for liturgical use as a branch of the parish in Włodawa. The style of the building is defined as classicist-Byzantine with neo-Romanesque and neo-Gothic elements. In 2017, on the initiative of the Dialog Foundation in Lublin, a general renovation of the temple building and its surroundings began. Studies conducted with the use of specialized diagnostic equipment in the form of a Picus 3 sonic tomograph were important for the dendrological inventory. Within the boundaries of the property, 11 trees are growing, at different ages and in a healthy state. On the basis of the material collected, possible directions for the restoration of the Orthodox church’s surroundings were presented.

“The Very Beginning of Things”

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Blazek
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Early Career ◽  
John Ruskin ◽  
Community Transformation ◽  
Church Building ◽  
Life Itself ◽  
Moral Choices ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Aesthetic Sensibility

Edith Wharton benefited in her early career from the intellectual cosmopolitanism and encouraging support of the Harvard art professor Charles Eliot Norton. His emphasis on the imagination as a powerful force for social change drew from his close association with the aesthetic principles of John Ruskin and the philosophy of John Stuart Mill, and it found expression in a key art-historical publication, Historical Studies of Church Building in the Middle Ages. The moral and spiritual concepts underpinning this text, along with Norton’s writings about Italy, including Notes of Study and Travel in Italy, and his life itself, are read in this chapter alongside Wharton’s short stories and her first novel, set in late-eighteenth-century Italy, The Valley of Decision. Wharton’s fiction owes much in its focus on the artistic imagination, moral choices, and community transformation to Norton’s lessons in virtuous service, sympathy, and aesthetic sensibility.

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