Treatment of Sexual Violence in Armed Conflicts: A Historical Perspective and the Way Forward

2013 ◽  
pp. 19-56
Author(s):  
Kelly Askin
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
The Way

Motivations for sexual violence in armed conflicts: voices from combatants in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-33
Author(s):  
Ali Bitenga Alexandre ◽  
Kitoka Moke Mutondo ◽  
Juvenal Bazilashe Balegamire ◽  
Amini Emile ◽  
Denis Mukwege
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Republic Of Congo

The Work of the International Law Commission, 2007–2011: Progress and Prospects

2012 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 322-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald McRae
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Un General Assembly ◽  
The Law ◽  
International Law Commission ◽  
Transboundary Aquifers ◽  
Law Commission ◽  
The Way

On November 17, 2011, the UN General Assembly elected the members of the International Law Commission for the next five years. In the course of the quinquennium that was completed in August 2011 with the end of the sixty-third session, the Commission concluded four major topics on its agenda: the law of transboundary aquifers, the responsibility of international organizations, the effect of armed conflicts on treaties, and reservations to treaties. It was by any standard a substantial output. The beginning of a new quinquennium now provides an opportunity to assess what the Commission has achieved, to consider the way it operates, and to reflect on what lies ahead for it.

scholarly journals Trauma as common denominator of sexual violence and victimisation

Temida ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasa Veselinovic
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Sexual Offenders ◽  
Sexual Offender ◽  
The Other ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
Victim Empathy ◽  
Behavioural Patterns ◽  
The Way

Results of researches on biological, psychological and sociological characteristics of sexual offenders show etiological and phenomenological differences, while, on the other side, treatment programs show tendency toward unification. Unification that works contains behavioural learning victim empathy work and work on one?s own trauma. In this paper the author looks for an answer to the question who is the sexual offender and how he became that. In theory rapists and paedophiles are similar as much as their victims are, and they are often victims of some traumatic experience which seeks for satisfaction in inappropriate but well-known way. Sexual violence can be stopped by breaking the circle of its beginning and development by helping sexual perpetrator to find the way out from sexual violence circle and healthier behavioural patterns.

scholarly journals Athlete as Agitator, Assaulter, and Armor

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-56
Author(s):  
SHELBY BOEHM ◽  
KATHLEEN COLANTONIO-YURKO ◽  
KATHLEEN OLMSTEAD ◽  
HENRY "CODY" MILLER
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Young Adult Literature ◽  
Figured Worlds ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
English Classrooms ◽  
The Way

An increasing number of young adult literature features male athletes sexually assaulting female classmates. These books can be generative spaces for examining relationships between athletic identities and sexual violence. This manuscript provides an analysis of six YAL novels addressing sexual assault: Moxie (Mathieu, 2017), The Nowhere Girls (Reed, 2017), The Way I Used to Be (Smith, 2017), Some Boys (Blount, 2014), Asking For It (O’Neill, 2016), All the Rage (Summers, 2015). The authors examine athlete identities and figured worlds in the six titles and then present teaching suggestions to investigate in English classrooms athlete identities and sexual assault.

Part V The Scope of Refugee Protection, Ch.45 Conflict Refugees

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wouters Cornelis (Kees)
Keyword(s):  
Legal Framework ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Human Suffering ◽  
Refugee Convention ◽  
Refugee Protection ◽  
Dynamic Interpretation ◽  
Societal Structure ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Way

Armed conflicts have always been and still are major causes of refugee movements. They invariably cause human suffering, destroying State and societal structure and affecting the lives of civilian populations. While it is difficult to contest that people should not be returned to conflict, different thinking and practices are discernable in relation to the applicable legal framework for providing refugee protection to people displaced across borders by conflict. These discrepancies arise in part from the way in which conflicts are understood; the way in which the definition of a refugee in the Refugee Convention has been interpreted and applied; and in part from limitations in the definition itself. Recognizing ‘conflict refugees’ as refugees within the international legal framework requires an understanding of the dynamics of conflicts and a dynamic interpretation of the refugee definitions at global and regional levels.

Horror

Atlantic Wars ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 152-176
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Plank
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Atlantic World ◽  
Racial Difference ◽  
Codes Of Conduct ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Regional Variations ◽  
Patterns Of Behavior ◽  
The Way

Chapter 7 explores how warfare affected the way rival communities across the Atlantic viewed each other. When Europeans, Africans, and indigenous Americans began to engage each other militarily they did not share a common, effective way of interpreting each other’s actions. The warring peoples of Africa, the Americas, and Europe had distinctive methods of sending messages through violence. On each continent, with regional variations, rituals and codes of conduct defined the terms of acceptable behavior, for example authorizing or forbidding torture, sexual violence, execution, dismemberment, the display of body parts, the killing of noncombatants, and other demonstrative acts associated with warfare. In the confusion of violent encounters myths arose that helped define and divide the peoples of the Atlantic world, promoting stereotypes and steering discriminatory patterns of behavior. In many places, misunderstandings and fears contributed to elaborately exaggerated perceptions of racial difference, encouraging animosity and pre-emptive and retributory action.

Sexual Violence against Men and International Law – Criminalising the Unmentionable

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 665-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solange Mouthaan
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
International Law ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
International Criminal ◽  
International Community ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
International Criminal Tribunals ◽  
The World ◽  
Gender Based

This article will discuss the manner in which international law deals with crimes of sexual violence committed against men during armed conflict. To date sexual violence against men has received little attention from the international community; instead its focus is almost exclusively on women, yet in armed conflicts across the world, sexual violence is also perpetrated against men. The example of torture demonstrates the current weaknesses in the relevant provisions for acts of sexual violence generally, and acts of sexual violence committed against men specifically. I argue that international criminal tribunals should address sexual violence more broadly, including against men. However, rather than to adopt a piecemeal approach differentiating between acts of sexual violence suffered by men and women, the experiences of men of sexual violence in armed conflict should be used to contribute to understanding the broader issue of gender-based crimes, of which sexual violence forms part.

Women in otorhinolaryngology: a historical perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (8) ◽  
pp. 670-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Konstantinidou ◽  
M Adams
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Nineteenth And Twentieth Centuries ◽  
Women Pioneers ◽  
The Way

AbstractBackgroundOtorhinolaryngology has an extensive history that spans nearly five millennia, and the history of women as medical and surgical practitioners stretches back to at least 3500 BC.ObjectivesTo explore the history of women in ENT from ancient to modern times, and discover their fascinating role in this field over the years.MethodA literature review was conducted using Google Scholar and PubMed.ResultsIn ancient and medieval times, there were female doctors accomplished in areas pertaining to ENT. In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, inspirational women pioneers paved the way for modern female ENT surgeons. This led to a rapid increase in the representation of female otorhinolaryngologists in clinical practice and authorship over the last fifty years.ConclusionThe contribution of women to otorhinolaryngology has evolved since ancient times and the greatest advancement has occurred within the last two hundred years.

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