Changing risk behaviors and adopting health behaviors: The role of self-efficacy beliefs

AbstractThis paper examines the role of motivation, anxiety, and self-efficacy beliefs and their interplay with regard to speaking on beginners’ Spanish LMOOCs. It answers three research questions: (1) what are learners’ motivations and goals for joining these LMOOCs and how do these relate to foreign language speaking anxiety; (2) how do learners’ self-efficacy beliefs and anxiety levels change as a result of course completion; and (3) is there a correlation between motivation, foreign language speaking anxiety, and self-efficacy beliefs in this context? A mixed-methods research design used quantitative and qualitative data gathered from self-reflective questionnaires and forum discussions. The results reveal that learners with intrinsic motivation are more likely to complete the courses than those who sign up to manage a personal situation or advance in their career or studies. No direct correlation was, however, found between motivation and the other variables under scrutiny. Learners present higher self-efficacy beliefs at the end of the courses than at the beginning, while anxiety levels are affected to a much smaller degree by course completion. Although spoken interactions in this learning environment are not synchronous, apprehension and anxiety prevent many learners from fully participating in the speaking activities.

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Older Adults’ Adherence to Technology-Based Intervention: The Role of Messaging and Individual Differences

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1821 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 555-555

Author(s):

Walter Boot ◽

Nelson Roque ◽

Erin Harrell ◽

Neil Charness

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Individual Differences ◽

Health Behaviors ◽

Individual Difference ◽

Cognitive Training ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Message Framing ◽

Training Intervention ◽

Home Technology

Abstract Adherence to health behaviors is often poor, including adherence to at-home technology-based interventions. This study (N=120) explored adherence to a cognitive training intervention delivered via computer tablet, assessed adherence over a 4.5 month period, explored how individual difference factors shaped adherence, and tested the efficacy of message framing manipulations (positive vs. negative framing) in boosting adherence. Individual difference factors predicted adherence, including variations in self-efficacy and belief in the efficacy of cognitive training. Overall message framing had little impact. However, during the final portion of the study in which participants were asked to play as much or as little as they wanted instead of following a schedule, participants who received positively framed messages engaged with the intervention more. Implications for predicting and boosting adherence to home delivered technology-based interventions will be discussed.

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Mathematics Achievement: The Role of Homework and Self-Efficacy Beliefs

Journal of Advanced Academics ◽

10.1177/1932202x1102200206 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 310-339 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

Anastasia Kitsantas ◽

Jehanzeb Cheema ◽

Herbert W. Ware

Keyword(s):

Mathematics Achievement ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Efficacy Beliefs

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Risk Perception of HIV/AIDS and Low Self-Control Trait: Explaining Preventative Behaviors Among Iranian University Students

Global Journal of Health Science ◽

10.5539/gjhs.v8n4p44 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 44 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Safooreh Esmaeilzadeh ◽

Hamid Allahverdipour ◽

Behrouz Fathi ◽

Shayesteh Shirzadi

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Risk Behaviors ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Self Control ◽

Sex Partners ◽

High Risk Behaviors ◽

High Level ◽

Low Self Control ◽

Hiv Aids

BACKGROUND: In spite of developed countries there are progressive trend about HIV/AIDS and its' aspects of transmission in the low socio-economic societies. The aim of this was to explain the youth’s behavior in adopting HIV/AIDS related preventive behaviors in a sample of Iranian university students by emphasizing on fear appeals approaches alongside examining the role of self-control trait for explaining adoption on danger or fear control processes based on Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM). METHODS: A sample of 156 randomly selected university students in Jolfa, Iran was recruited in a predictive cross-sectional study by application of a researcher-designed questionnaire through self-report data collection manner. Sexual high risk behaviors, the EPPM variables, self-control trait, and general self-efficacy were measured as theoretical framework. RESULTS: Findings indicated that 31.3% of participants were in the fear control process versus 68.7% in danger control about HIV/AIDS and also the presence of multi-sex partners and amphetamine consumption amongst the participants. Low self-control trait and low perceived susceptibility significantly were related to having a history of multi-sex partners while high level of self-efficacy significantly increased the probability of condom use. CONCLUSION: Findings of the study were indicative of the protective role of high level of self-control, perceived susceptibility and self-efficacy factors on youth's high-risk behaviors and their preventative skills as well.

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The role of self-efficacy in pain intensity, function, psychological factors, health behaviors, and quality of life in people with rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review

Physiotherapy Theory and Practice ◽

10.1080/09593985.2018.1482512 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 21-37 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Javier Martinez-Calderon ◽

Mira Meeus ◽

Filip Struyf ◽

Alejandro Luque-Suarez

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Health Behaviors ◽

Pain Intensity ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Psychological Factors ◽

Intensity Function

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The Role of Agency and Threat-Immediacy in Interactive Digital Narrative Fear Appeals for the Prevention of Alcohol Abuse: An Empirical Study Among College Students (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.32218 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hendrik Engelbrecht ◽

Nynke van der Laan ◽

Renske van Enschot ◽

Emiel Krahmer

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Abuse ◽

Perceived Control ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Communication Theory ◽

Efficacy Beliefs ◽

Fear Appeals ◽

Fear Appeal ◽

Digital Narrative

BACKGROUND Serious games for the training of prevention behaviors have been widely recognized as a potentially valuable tool for adolescents and young adults across a variety of risk behaviors. However, the role of agency, as a distinguishing factor from traditional health interventions, has seldomly been isolated and grounded in persuasive health communication theory. Fear appeals have different effects on intentions to perform a prevention behavior depending on the immediacy of the consequences. Looking into how to increase self-efficacy beliefs for health behavior with distant consequences is a first step to improving game-based interventions for adverse health outcomes. OBJECTIVE The current study investigated the effect of agency on self-efficacy and intention to drink less alcohol in an interactive digital narrative fear appeal. Further, the communicated immediacy of threat outcomes was evaluated as a potential moderator of the effect of agency on self-efficacy. METHODS An experimental study was conducted among university students (N=178). Participants were presented with a fear appeal outlining the consequences of alcohol abuse in an interactive narrative format. Participants either had perceived control over the outcome of the narrative scenario (high-agency) or no control over the outcome (low-agency). The threat was either framed as a short-term or long-term negative health outcome resulting from the execution of the risk behavior (drinking too much alcohol). RESULTS Self-efficacy and intention to limit alcohol intake were not influenced by the agency manipulation. Self-efficacy was shown to be a significant predictor of behavioral intention. Immediacy of the threat did not moderate the relationship between agency and self-efficacy. CONCLUSIONS Although the agency manipulation was successful, we could not find evidence for an effect of agency or threat immediacy on self-efficacy. The implications for different operationalizations of different agency concepts is discussed, as well as the malleability of self-efficacy beliefs for long-term threats. The usage of repeated, versus single, interventions and different threat types (e.g., health and social threats) should be tested empirically to establish a way forward for diversifying intervention approaches.

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