3206 Associations between prenatal maternal stress due to a natural disaster and effortful control in early childhood

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: For this reason, our overall objectives are to determine (i) whether natural disaster-related PNMS alters infants’ EC at two years of age, and (ii) if the timing of exposure moderates its effects on toddlers EC. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We propose a longitudinal study with 50 mother-toddler dyads. Natural disaster-related PNMS would be measured at 12-18 and 24-30 months of age and will include: objective exposure and maternal distress. EC will be measured with a questionnaire and a Laboratory Temperament Assessment Battery at two years of age. To accomplish our objectives, we will conduct regression and moderation analyses. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We anticipate that children exposed to Hurricane-related PNMS would present low EC levels compared to those with low prenatal exposure. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: These results are expected to provide evidence for further promoting early intervention and ameliorating adverse effects of PNMS on child outcomes.

Download Full-text

3288 Prenatal maternal exposure to disaster-related stress and effortful control in early childhood

Journal of Clinical and Translational Science ◽

10.1017/cts.2019.348 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (s1) ◽

pp. 152-152

Author(s):

Nayra del Carmen Rodriguez-Soto ◽

Karen G Martinez

Keyword(s):

Longitudinal Study ◽

Natural Disaster ◽

Effortful Control ◽

Child Outcomes ◽

Maternal Distress ◽

Prenatal Maternal Stress ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Study Population ◽

Related Stress ◽

Timing Of Exposure

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Our overall objectives are to determine (i) whether natural disaster-related prenatal maternal stress (PNMS) alters infants’ effortful control (EC) at two years of age, and (ii) if the timing of exposure moderates its effects on toddlers EC. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We propose a longitudinal study with 50 mother-toddler dyads. Natural disaster-related PNMS would be measured at 12-15 and 18-24 months of age and will include: objective exposure and maternal distress. EC will be measured with a questionnaire and a Laboratory Temperament Assessment Battery at two years of age. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We anticipate that children exposed to Hurricane-related PNMS would present low EC levels compared to those with low prenatal exposure. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: These results are expected to provide evidence for further promoting early intervention and ameliorating negative effects of PNMS on child outcomes.

Download Full-text

A Longitudinal Study: Some Preliminary Results of Association of Prenatal Maternal Stress and Fetal Movements, Temperament Factors in Early Childhood and Behavior at Age 2 Years

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.95.3.767-770 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 95 (3) ◽

pp. 767-770 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Helmut Niederhofer

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Social Behavior ◽

Maternal Stress ◽

Self Report ◽

Prenatal Maternal Stress ◽

Preliminary Results ◽

Confounding Variables ◽

Fetal Movements ◽

And Behavior

Niederhofer (1994) found that maternal stress during pregnancy was significantly associated with development of personality in early childhood. This study examined the correlation between maternal stress (self-report) during pregnancy for 22 women, its ultrasound objectification by observation of intrauterine fetal movements, child's temperament in early childhood, and child's Independence and social behavior at the age of 2 years while controlling for possible confounding variables. Only intrauterine fetal movements (head/arm/leg) were not associated with stress during pregnancy, temperament, or independence.

Download Full-text

Effects of early maternal distress and parenting on the development of children's self-regulation and externalizing behavior

Development and Psychopathology ◽

10.1017/s0954579412001162 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 437-453 ◽

Cited By ~ 84

Author(s):

Daniel Ewon Choe ◽

Sheryl L. Olson ◽

Arnold J. Sameroff

Keyword(s):

Adverse Effects ◽

Externalizing Behavior ◽

Externalizing Problems ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Effortful Control ◽

Self Regulation ◽

Equation Model ◽

Maternal Distress ◽

Maternal Warmth ◽

Inductive Discipline

AbstractEmotional distress experienced by mothers increases young children's risk of externalizing problems through suboptimal parenting and child self-regulation. An integrative structural equation model tested hypotheses that mothers’ parenting (i.e., low levels of inductive discipline and maternal warmth) would mediate adverse effects of early maternal distress on child effortful control, which in turn would mediate effects of maternal parenting on child externalizing behavior. This longitudinal study spanning ages 3, 6, and 10 included 241 children, mothers, and a subset of teachers. The hypothesized model was partially supported. Elevated maternal distress was associated with less inductive discipline and maternal warmth, which in turn were associated with less effortful control at age 3 but not at age 6. Inductive discipline and maternal warmth mediated adverse effects of maternal distress on children's effortful control. Less effortful control at ages 3 and 6 predicted smaller relative decreases in externalizing behavior at 6 and 10, respectively. Effortful control mediated effects of inductive discipline, but not maternal warmth, on externalizing behavior. Findings suggest elevated maternal distress increases children's risk of externalizing problems by compromising early parenting and child self-regulation.

Download Full-text

A Longitudinal Study of Inhibited Temperament, Effortful Control, Gender, and Anxiety in Early Childhood

Child & Youth Care Forum ◽

10.1007/s10566-018-9447-0 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 47 (4) ◽

pp. 463-479 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Laura A. Niditch ◽

R. Enrique Varela

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Effortful Control

Download Full-text

The Effects of Soothing Techniques and Rough-and-Tumble Play on the Early Development of Temperament: A Longitudinal Study of Infants

Child Development Research ◽

10.1155/2014/741373 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Atsuko Nakagawa ◽

Masune Sukigara

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Negative Affect ◽

Early Development ◽

Effortful Control ◽

Strong Relationship ◽

Infant Behavior ◽

Frequency Of Use ◽

Novel Objects ◽

Parental Ratings

A total of 189 infants (93 girls, 96 boys) were investigated longitudinally at ages 4, 8, 12, 18, and 24 months to examine the effects of soothing techniques (i.e., distracting infants by presenting novel objects) and rough-and-tumble play on the early development of temperament, particularly the emergence of Effortful Control. We used questionnaires to examine the frequency of use of soothing techniques and rough-and-tumble play. The Infant Behavior Questionnaire Revised (IBQ-R) and the Early Childhood Behavior Questionnaire (ECBQ) were used to assess temperament. A strong relationship was found between parental ratings of their infant's Orienting/Regulation and later Effortful Control. Caregivers’ use of distracting as a soothing technique during infancy was associated with higher Negative Affect in toddlers at 24 months. More surgent infants were involved in more rough-and-tumble play, with rough-and-tumble play frequencies positively correlated with surgency scores at 24 months.

Download Full-text

A LONGITUDINAL STUDY: SOME PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF ASSOCIATION OF PRENATAL MATERNAL STRESS AND FETAL MOVEMENTS, TEMPERAMENT FACTORS IN EARLY CHILDHOOD AND BEHAVIOR AT AGE 2 YEARS

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.95.7.767-770 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 95 (7) ◽

pp. 767 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

HELMUT NIEDERHOFER

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Maternal Stress ◽

Prenatal Maternal Stress ◽

Preliminary Results ◽

Fetal Movements ◽

And Behavior

Download Full-text

Why the son-bias in fathering? Testing sex-differences in the associations between paternal caregiving and child outcomes in England (Pre-print)

10.31219/osf.io/q6fpx ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Emily H Emmott ◽

Ruth Mace

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Sex Differences ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Test Scores ◽

Child Outcomes ◽

Ecological Framework ◽

Parents And Children ◽

More Care ◽

Using Data ◽

Avon Longitudinal Study

Fathers in Western populations tend to provide more care to sons than daughters. Following a Human Behavioural Ecological framework, we hypothesise that son-biases in fathering may (at least in part) be due to differences in the “returns to paternal caregiving” on children’s outcomes by sex. In this study, we investigate possible sex-differences in the associations between paternal caregiving throughout early childhood and children’s outcomes in stable, two-parent families. Using data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, we test whether paternal caregiving is associated with different effects on children’s school test scores and behavioural difficulty by children’s sex. Overall, we find that paternal caregiving is associated with higher school test scores and lower behavioural difficulty scores, but the association between paternal caregiving and school test scores were stronger for boys. Our findings highlight possible sex-differences in returns to paternal caregiving for certain domains of child outcomes in England.

Download Full-text