scholarly journals Proof of Life: Mark-Making Practices on the Island of Alderney

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-254
Author(s):  
Caroline Sturdy Colls ◽  
Rachel Bolton-King ◽  
Kevin Colls ◽  
Tim Harris ◽  
Czelsie Weston
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Human Life ◽  
World War ◽  
German Occupation ◽  
Conflict Archaeology ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Translation Services

Currently, mark-making practices as a form of identification and proof of life are an unrealized resource. Over a three-year period, systematic walkover surveys were conducted on and within fortifications and other structures on the island of Alderney to locate historic and modern marks. The investigations presented in this article demonstrate the importance of non-invasive recording and examination of marks to identify evidence connected to forced and slave labourers, and soldiers present on the island of Alderney during the German occupation in World War II. Names, hand and footwear impressions, slogans, artworks, dates, and counting mechanisms were recorded electronically and investigated by using international databases, archives, and translation services. We discuss the value and challenges of interpreting traces of human life in the contexts of conflict archaeology and missing person investigations and underline the need for greater recognition of marks as evidence of past lives.

The Film World’s Cooperative Store: Institutions and Films of the 1930s and 1940s

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Claire Thomson
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Early History ◽  
World War ◽  
International Context ◽  
German Occupation ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

This chapter traces the early history of state-sponsored informational filmmaking in Denmark, emphasising its organisation as a ‘cooperative’ of organisations and government agencies. After an account of the establishment and early development of the agency Dansk Kulturfilm in the 1930s, the chapter considers two of its earliest productions, both process films documenting the manufacture of bricks and meat products. The broader context of documentary in Denmark is fleshed out with an account of the production and reception of Poul Henningsen’s seminal film Danmark (1935), and the international context is accounted for with an overview of the development of state-supported filmmaking in the UK, Italy and Germany. Developments in the funding and output of Dansk Kulturfilm up to World War II are outlined, followed by an account of the impact of the German Occupation of Denmark on domestic informational film. The establishment of the Danish Government Film Committee or Ministeriernes Filmudvalg kick-started aprofessionalisation of state-sponsored filmmaking, and two wartime public information films are briefly analysed as examples of its early output. The chapter concludes with an account of the relations between the Danish Resistance and an emerging generation of documentarists.

scholarly journals Dialectal texts from Russkaya Mokraya (Transcarpathia, Ukraine)

2021 ◽  
pp. 238-280
Author(s):  
Sergey L. Nikolaev ◽  
◽  
Marfa N. Tolstaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
World War ◽  
German Occupation ◽  
Slavic Studies

The Transcarpathian village of Russkaya Mokraya is located in the historic North Maramorosh region and has been known since the 17th century. The published texts were recorded during the expedition of the Institute of Slavic Studies in 1995 and contain mainly stories about the period of World War II, the Hungarian-German occupation, relations with the Hungarian administration and historical German and Jewish neighbors, deportation of Jews. The introduction briefly describes the phonetics of the dialect and its place on the dialectological map.

Conclusion

2018 ◽  
pp. 268-280
Author(s):  
Kory Olson
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Capital City ◽  
World War ◽  
German Occupation ◽  
Napoleon Iii ◽  
Housing Shortages ◽  
Paris Region ◽  
To Come ◽  
Work Done ◽  
The City

The tumultuous nineteenth century brought Parisian led regime change in 1830, 1848 and in many respects 1870. Although Napoleon III and Haussmann had hoped their Paris works would tame the capital city as they constructed uniform boulevards and transformed the crowded medieval centre into a bourgeois space. Throughout the twentieth century, the movement of people and goods throughout the Paris region remained a challenge and official maps showed how to address that issue. The German occupation during World War II effectively ended any hope of Prost’s 1934 plan to come to fruition. However, the damages afflicted on the city during combat allowed leaders to refocus their attention on the city. The pre-war work done by the Service géographique, Jaussely, and Prost allow future urban officials, such as Lopez and Bernard Lafay, to address problems such as increased traffic, parking, housing shortages, decentralization, and increased sprawl. The end of the war shifted national priorities away from the capital but by the 1950s, economic growth meant that urban planners needed to focus yet again on ameliorating development in greater Paris.

Blasting Out of the Past

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramsay Burt
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
The United States ◽  
Philosophy Of History ◽  
Contemporary Dance ◽  
World War ◽  
German Occupation ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Communist Countries

This chapter analyzes three reenactments by the Slovenian director Janez Janša, two reconstructions of experimental performances made under communism in Ljubljana during the late 1960s and early 1970s by poets and performers associated with the Pupilija group, and one which subversively reappropriates canonical contemporary dance works from the United States, Germany, and Japan. The two earlier works, it argues, interrogate the utopian ideals espoused by the communist partisans who freed Yugoslavia from German occupation during World War II. It develops a framework for this analysis by drawing on Walter Benjamin’s discussion of the philosophy of history and on Michel de Certeau’s work on memory and the everyday. It places the three reconstructions in their social, historical, and political context and evaluates their meanings in relation to misperceptions about art in post-communist countries.

scholarly journals Uništenje Univerzitetske biblioteke u Luvenu u Prvom svetskom ratu i njena obnova u posleratnom period = Destructon of the University of Leuven Library in First World War and its Renovation in the Post-War Period

Bosniaca ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (26) ◽  
pp. 112-122
Author(s):  
Vesna Živković
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
National Library ◽  
German Occupation ◽  
University Library ◽  
Post War ◽  
The University ◽  
First World

Uništavanje biblioteka i njenih kolekcija od davnina su sastavni deo ratova i osvajačkih pohoda: od uništenja Aleksandrijske biblioteke u starom veku, jezuitskih biblioteka u Kini tokom 17. i 18. veka, Narodne biblioteke u Beogradu u Drugom svetskom ratu, Nacionalne i univerzitetske biblioteke Bosne i Hercegovine u Sarajevu 1992. godine, pa sve do spaljivanja rukopisa u biblioteci u Timbuktuu 2013. godine. U fokusu ovog rada je uništenje Univerzitetske biblioteke u Luvenu, od strane nemačke okupacione vojske u Prvom svetskom ratu, kao i njena obnova u posleratnom periodu. = The destruction of libraries and its collections has long been an integral part of wars and conquests: from the destruction of the Library of Alexandria in the old century, Jesuit libraries in China during the 17th and 18th centuries, the National Library in Belgrade in World War II, the National and University Library of Bosnia and Herzegovina in Sarajevo in 1992, until the manuscript was burned in the library in Timbuktu in 2013. The focus of this paper is the destruction of the University Library in Leuven by the German occupation army in First World War, as well as its restoration in the post-war period.

scholarly journals Military-Technical Cooperation of the USSR and the CHSR in the 30s of the 20th Century (According to the Memoirs of Chief Designer of Artillery Weapons of the Kirov Plant I.A. Makhanov). Part 2

2021 ◽  
pp. 207-214
Author(s):  
Igor Tyumentsev ◽  
◽  
Alexander Kleitman ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Text Analysis ◽  
Technical Cooperation ◽  
World War ◽  
Source Text ◽  
German Occupation ◽  
Chief Designer ◽  
Unique Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Military

Introduction. Memoirs of I.A. Makhanov, who in the 1930s was the chief designer of artillery weapons at the Kirov plant, contain unique data on the development of the military-technical thought and the defense sector of the USSR industry in the pre-war period. The published fragment of memoirs, first introduced into scientific circulation, supplements and corrects the ideas formed in historiography about the militarytechnical cooperation of the USSR and Czechoslovakia on the eve of World War II. Methods and materials. The preparation of the source text for publication is carried out taking into consideration the modern requirements of archaeography. The published fragment is provided with archaeographic notes which allow to reconstruct the history of creation and modification of the text by the author. The scientific commentary provides information about personalities, place names and specific terms mentioned in the text. Analysis. The author pointed out that despite the supply of the latest weapons from Czechoslovakia to Yugoslavia, Italy, Turkey, Latin America, the share of purchases by the USSR was 50% and had broad prospects for increasing. The German occupation of 1938 suspended and then interrupted military-technical cooperation between the countries. Nevertheless, the Czech side fulfilled all obligations to the USSR. Result. As the published fragment of I.A. Makhanov proves, in the 1930s Czech specialists willingly acquainted the Soviet delegation with the latest developments in artillery systems. At the same time, after the occupation of Czechoslovakia by Germany, none of these weapons were brought to a prototype. Plants “Skoda” and “Zbroevka” were engaged only in the production and modernization of old weapons. Thus, the data of I.A. Makhanova confirm the hypothesis of sabotage of work for Nazi Germany by Czech designers led by V. Gromadko.

scholarly journals Military-Technical Cooperation of the USSR and the ChSR in the 30s of the 20th Century (According to the Memoirs of Chief Designer of Artillery Weapons of the Kirov Plant I.A. Makhanov)

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-215
Author(s):  
Igor Tyumentsev ◽  
◽  
Alexander Kleitman ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Text Analysis ◽  
Technical Cooperation ◽  
World War ◽  
Source Text ◽  
German Occupation ◽  
Chief Designer ◽  
Unique Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Military

Introduction. Memoirs of I.A. Makhanov, who in the 1930s was the chief designer of artillery weapons at the Kirov plant, contain unique data on the development of the military-technical thought and the defense sector of the USSR industry in the pre-war period. The published fragment of memoirs, first introduced into scientific circulation, supplements and corrects the ideas formed in historiography about the military-technical cooperation of the USSR and Czechoslovakia on the eve of World War II. Methods and materials. The preparation of the source text for publication is carried out taking into consideration modern requirements of archaeography. The published fragment is provided with archaeographic notes which allow reconstructing the history of creation and modification of the text by the author. The scientific commentary provides information about personalities, place names and specific terms mentioned in the text. Analysis. The author pointed out that despite the supply of the latest weapons from Czechoslovakia to Yugoslavia, Italy, Turkey, Latin America, the share of purchases by the USSR was 50% and had broad prospects for increasing. The German occupation of 1938 suspended and then interrupted military-technical cooperation between the countries. Nevertheless, the Czech side fulfilled all obligations to the USSR. Results. As the published fragment of I.A. Makhanov proves, in the 1930s Czech specialists willingly acquainted the Soviet delegation with the latest developments in artillery systems. At the same time, after the occupation of Czechoslovakia by Germany, none of these weapons were brought to a prototype. “Skoda” and “Zbroevka” plants were engaged only in the production and modernization of old weapons. Thus, the data of I.A. Makhanov confirm the hypothesis of sabotage of work for Nazi Germany by Czech designers led by V. Gromadko.

Past and Present

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine E. Clark
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Real Life ◽  
World War ◽  
German Occupation ◽  
The Past ◽  
French Resistance

The German Occupation of Paris in 1940 affected meanings and understandings of the act of photography itself, bringing about a new mode of understanding photographs: repicturing. First taught in a series of photohistories produced during the Occupation, this mode deployed the contemporary snapshot as a mental gateway to remembered, often, nonphotographic, pictures of the past. When Parisians took to the streets during the city’s Liberation in 1944, such pictures appeared in real life in the form of the barricades that symbolized revolution. After the Liberation, the Musée Carnavalet collected and exhibited photos of these recent events. They also circulated in books and pamphlets as both the most objective and most emotionally resonant evidence of the past and helped mythologize the Liberation and the French Resistance during World War II.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document