scholarly journals Litigation and Lobbying in Support of the Marque: The Scotch Whisky Association, c. 1945–c. 1990

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Julie Bower ◽  
David M. Higgins
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Trade Associations ◽  
The World ◽  
European Regulations ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Uk Government ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Late Twentieth Century ◽  
Scotch Whisky

We examine the Scotch Whisky Association’s (SWA) role in protecting “Scotch whisky” between c. 1945 and c. 1990. Using new archival evidence, we demonstrate that the SWA intensively lobbied the UK government to achieve coordination between domestic and European regulations governing Scotch whisky and whisky. The SWA’s nonmarket activities were consonant with some trade associations but in other respects they were atypical. The SWA extended its activities to supranational bodies and engaged in extensive domestic and foreign litigation. The key message from this article is that the SWA built the world-renowned appellation “Scotch whisky” even though this marque was not registered as an appellation until the late twentieth century.

Diaspora Capitalism and the Homeland: Australian Chinese Networks into China

1996 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-273
Author(s):  
Constance Lever-Tracy ◽  
David Ip
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Global Capitalism ◽  
The Other ◽  
The World ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Late Twentieth Century ◽  
Opening Up

This article explores two new and related phenomena of the late twentieth century that will surely play a major role in shaping the world of the twenty-first: the economic development and opening up of China, and the emergence onto the world economic stage of diaspora Chinese businesses, producing a significant, identifiably Chinese current within global capitalism. Each of these has, we believe, been crucial and perhaps indispensable to the other.

Geographies of Global Change: Remapping the World in the Late Twentieth Century

1997 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 256
Author(s):  
Frank Hodges ◽  
R. J. Johnston ◽  
Peter J. Taylor ◽  
Michael J. Watts
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Global Change ◽  
The World ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

Conclusion

2018 ◽  
pp. 222-234
Author(s):  
Stuart Aveyard ◽  
Paul Corthorn ◽  
Sean O’Connell
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Consumer Credit ◽  
Political Ideologies ◽  
European Consumer ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

The long-term perspective taken by The Politics of Consumer Credit in the UK affords fresh evidence on a number of significant historical debates. It indicates that Britain’s departure from pathways followed in other European consumer credit markets was not simply a by-product of neo-liberalism’s influence on late-twentieth-century governments. It has also allowed us to offer important contributions on questions such as the impact of political ideologies over policymaking, the validity of a right–left framework for analysing politics, the extent to which a post-war consensus existed (and was broken after 1979), and the question of how adept British political parties were in exploiting the emergence of a more affluent electorate....

Part of Living in the Late Twentieth Century: Notions of Risk and Fear in Relation to Crime

2000 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Lupton
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Fear Of Crime ◽  
Personal Risk ◽  
Victim Status ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
The World ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

This article reports on some of the findings of a study into fear of crime among a group of Australians, examining the relationship between assessments of personal risk of being a victim of six specified crimes and worry about being a victim of these crimes. The findings revealed that while the two are related, assessments of risk tended to be higher than assessments of worry in relation to the same crime. Participants drew on their perception of their own vulnerability based on such attributes as gender, age and everyday routines, their personal experiences of crime, knowledge of others' experiences and media accounts to explain their assessments. Also underlying their notions of risk and fear were two paradoxical discourses on victimisation. The first discourse represents individuals as able to control their destiny and responsible for protecting themselves from crime. The second represented victimisation as a product of fate, against which it was impossible to fully protect oneself. It is argued that these notions of victimisation are underpinned by wider discourses in western societies that emphasise the vulnerability of individuals to risk and danger but also the importance of approaching the world as an active, entrepreneurial subject who refuses the victim status.

Unity of science

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordi Cat
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Molecular Genetics ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Unity Of Science ◽  
The World ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
The Many ◽  
The One ◽  
Disunity Of Science ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

How should our scientific knowledge be organized? Is scientific knowledge unified and, if so, does it mirror a unity of the world as a whole? Or is it merely a matter of simplicity and economy of thought? Either way, what sort of unity is it? If the world can be decomposed into elementary constituents, must our knowledge be in some way reducible to, or even replaced by, the concepts and theories describing such constituents? Can economics be reduced to microphysics, as Einstein claimed? Can sociology be derived from molecular genetics? Might the sciences be unified in the sense of all following the same method, whether or not they are all ultimately reducible to physics? Considerations of the unity problem begin at least with Greek cosmology and the question of the one and the many. In the late twentieth century the increasing tendency is to argue for the disunity of science and to deny reducibility to physics.

The International Component of Political Science Curricula

1984 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 10-13
Author(s):  
Harold K. Jacobson
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Domestic Politics ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Politics And Government ◽  
The World ◽  
Foreign Policies ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Science Curricula ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

Throughout the world, attaining peace and prosperity are clearly at the top of the agenda of human concerns; consequently, they are the most central and salient issues of politics and government. In the late twentieth century, however, no country can achieve these goals through its own actions alone. For all countries in this era of interdependence gaining peace and prosperity each require collective efforts. Thus domestic policies cannot be considered in isolation from foreign policies, and domestic politics are inextricably linked with international and ultimately world politics. Even if one were interested only in events within one's own country these would have to be put in a larger context to be properly understood, but most individuals adhere to ethical beliefs that mandate that their concerns extend certainly beyond their own countries’ borders, if not to all of humanity.

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