scholarly journals DATA ANALYSIS AS THE BASIS FOR IMPROVED DESIGN FOR ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING (DFAM)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 811-820
Author(s):  
Dominika Hamulczuk ◽  
Ola Isaksson
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Printing Process ◽  
Design Perspective ◽  
Improved Design ◽  
Print Process ◽  
Printing Parameters

AbstractAdditive Manufacturing (AM) has a large potential to revolutionize the manufacturing industry, yet the printing parameters and part design have a profound impact on the robustness of the printing process as well as the resulting quality of the manufactured components. To control the printing process, a substantial number of parameters is measured while printing and used primarily to control and adjust the printing process in-situ. The question raised in this paper is how to benefit from these data being gathered to gain insight into the print process stability. The case study performed included the analysis of data gathered during printing 22 components. The analysis was performed with a widely used Random Forest Classifier. The study revealed that the data did contain some detectable patterns that can be used further in assessing the quality of the printed component, however, they were distinct enough so that in case the test and train sets were comprised of separate components the predictions’ result was very poor. The study gives a good understanding of what is necessary to do a meaningful analytics study of manufacturing data from a design perspective.

Multi-Extrusion Additive Manufacturing for Error Compensation: A Demonstrative Case Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Kan ◽  
Zehao Ye ◽  
Yiran Yang ◽  
Lei Di ◽  
Deep Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Error Compensation ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Geometric Error ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Subtractive Manufacturing

Abstract The global additive manufacturing industry has been rapidly increasing, owing to its unique layer-by-layer production method. While additive manufacturing has superior capabilities compared to traditional subtractive manufacturing, limitations still exist, which significantly hinder the larger-scale implementations of additive manufacturing. Some challenging issues include unsatisfactory dimensional accuracy, surface quality, etc. In the literature, extensive research efforts have dedicated to detecting, predicting, and compensating process errors using various methodologies. In this work, a new approach is proposed for error compensation using multi-extrusion additive manufacturing process. Three demonstrative case studies are conducted, i.e., multicolor and/or multimaterial printing, geometric error compensation, and rough surface compensation. Experimental results have shown that the proposed approach is effective in utilizing the multi-nozzle capability in additive manufacturing quality control. Notably, the proposed approach has remarkable potentials to be extended for in-situ error compensation. Our future forays will focus on integrating the proposed approach with in-situ process monitoring approaches for layer-wise defection and compensation of process anomalies.

scholarly journals Practical Functioning of a Sustainable Urban Complex with a Park—The Case Study of Stavros Niarchos Foundation Cultural Center in Athens

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 5071
Author(s):  
Beata Makowska
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Cultural Center ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Urban Complex

Intensive urban development has created a shortage of urban green areas. The need to economically plan and use urban green spaces has fueled the redefinition of public spaces and parks so as to provide the residents with both recreation and relaxation facilities, as well as a forum for contact with culture. This paper discusses the case of the Stavros Niarchos Foundation Cultural Center (SNFCC) in the Kallithea district on the outskirts of Athens, near the Mediterranean Sea. It fills a gap in the research on the aspects of the practical functioning of such facilities. The methodology used in the research included an analysis of the literature, the SNFCC’s reports, and an in situ survey. The cultural center hosts a number of events aimed at promoting Greece’s natural and cultural heritage. The paper includes a detailed analysis of the events organized by the SNFCC in the period 2017–2020 and their immense impact on residents. The aim of the study is to show that the creation of the SNFCC with the park areas has functioned as a factor contributing to the improvement of the quality of urban space and the quality of life of the city’s inhabitants. The paper’s conclusions indicate that the sustainable SNFCC project, which fulfils the urban ecology criteria, has been very well received by the visitors—citizens and tourists alike. A program-centered innovation introduced by the SN Park has added great value to their lives. The project contributes to economic and cultural growth, as well as the protection and promotion of heritage.

scholarly journals Automated Testing and Characterization of Additive Manufacturing (ATCAM)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arash Alex Mazhari ◽  
Randall Ticknor ◽  
Sean Swei ◽  
Stanley Krzesniak ◽  
Mircea Teodorescu
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Automated Testing ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
Machine Calibration

AbstractThe sensitivity of additive manufacturing (AM) to the variability of feedstock quality, machine calibration, and accuracy drives the need for frequent characterization of fabricated objects for a robust material process. The constant testing is fiscally and logistically intensive, often requiring coupons that are manufactured and tested in independent facilities. As a step toward integrating testing and characterization into the AM process while reducing cost, we propose the automated testing and characterization of AM (ATCAM). ATCAM is configured for fused deposition modeling (FDM) and introduces the concept of dynamic coupons to generate large quantities of basic AM samples. An in situ actuator is printed on the build surface to deploy coupons through impact, which is sensed by a load cell system utilizing machine learning (ML) to correlate AM data. We test ATCAM’s ability to distinguish the quality of three PLA feedstock at differing price points by generating and comparing 3000 dynamic coupons in 10 repetitions of 100 coupon cycles per material. ATCAM correlated the quality of each feedstock and visualized fatigue of in situ actuators over each testing cycle. Three ML algorithms were then compared, with Gradient Boost regression demonstrating a 71% correlation of dynamic coupons to their parent feedstock and provided confidence for the quality of AM data ATCAM generates.

scholarly journals The extreme runoff index for flood early warning in Europe

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1505-1515 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Alfieri ◽  
F. Pappenberger ◽  
F. Wetterhall
Keyword(s):  
Early Warning ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Weather Forecasting ◽  
Spatial Inhomogeneity ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Numerical Predictions ◽  
In Situ Observations

Abstract. Systems for the early detection of floods over continental and global domains have a key role in providing a quick overview of areas at risk, raise the awareness and prompt higher detail analyses as the events approach. However, the reliability of these systems is prone to spatial inhomogeneity, depending on the quality of the underlying input data and local calibration. This work proposes a simple approach for flood early warning based on ensemble numerical predictions of surface runoff provided by weather forecasting centers. The system is based on a novel indicator, referred to as an extreme runoff index (ERI), which is calculated from the input data through a statistical analysis. It is designed for use in large or poorly gauged domains, as no local knowledge or in situ observations are needed for its setup. Daily runs over 32 months are evaluated against calibrated hydrological simulations for all of Europe. Results show skillful flood early warning capabilities up to a 10-day lead time. A dedicated analysis is performed to investigate the optimal timing of forecasts to maximize the detection of extreme events. A case study for the central European floods of June 2013 is presented and forecasts are compared to the output of a hydro-meteorological ensemble model.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation Using Multivariate Non-Normal Process Capability

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alatefi ◽  
Ahmad ◽  
Alkahtani
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Process Capability ◽  
Quality Characteristic ◽  
Process Capability Indices ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Capability Indices ◽  
Skewness Reduction ◽  
Quality Of Products

Process capability indices (PCIs) have always been used to improve the quality of products and services. Traditional PCIs are based on the assumption that the data obtained from the quality characteristic (QC) under consideration are normally distributed. However, most data on manufacturing processes violate this assumption. Furthermore, the products and services of the manufacturing industry usually have more than one QC; these QCs are functionally correlated and, thus, should be evaluated together to evaluate the overall quality of a product. This study investigates and extends the existing multivariate non-normal PCIs. First, a multivariate non-normal PCI model from the literature is modeled and validated. An algorithm to generate non-normal multivariate data with the desired correlations is also modeled. Then, this model is extended using two different approaches that depend on the well-known Box–Cox and Johnson transformations. The skewness reduction is further improved by applying heuristics algorithms. These two approaches outperform the investigated model from the literature because they can provide more precise results regardless of the skewness type. The comparison is made based on the generated data and a case study from the literature.

scholarly journals Overcoming Deterrent Metabolites by Gaining Essential Nutrients: A Lichen/Snail Case Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Gadea ◽  
Maryvonne Charrier ◽  
Mathieu Fanuel ◽  
Philippe Clerc ◽  
Corentin Daugan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Usnic Acid ◽  
Feeding Preferences ◽  
Feeding Experiments ◽  
Feeding Choice ◽  
Lichen Thallus ◽  
Choice Feeding

Lichen secondary metabolites are generally considered as repellent compounds for lichen feeders. Nevertheless, if the only food available consists in lichens rich in secondary metabolites, lichenophages such as Notodiscus hookeri, a gastropod native from the Possession Island, seem able to implement strategies to overcome the toxicity of these metabolites. Thus, the balance between phagostimulant nutrients and deterrent metabolites appears to play a key role in their feeding preferences. To further understand lichen-gastropod interactions, we studied the feeding behavior of Notodiscus hookeri fed exclusively with Usnea taylori, a lichen rich in usnic acid and arabitol. Snail feeding choice experiments with intact lichens vs acetone-rinsed lichens were carried out to study the influence of secondary metabolites. Simultaneously, usnic acid and arabitol were quantified and localized within the lichen thallus using HPLC-DAD-MS and in situ imaging by mass spectrometry to assess whether their spatial distribution induce preferential snail grazing. Then, no-choice feeding experiments were devised using usnic acid and arabitol embedded in artificial diet, separately or together.  This case study demonstrated that the nutritional activity of N. hookerii was governed by the chemical quality of the food and primarily by nutrient availability (arabitol), despite the presence of deterrent metabolites (usnic acid).

scholarly journals EDITORIAL NOTE VOL 4, NO 3 (2014)

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Solberg Søilen
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Disruptive Innovation ◽  
Patent Analysis ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Editorial Note ◽  
Evaluation Instrument ◽  
Parallel Hybrid ◽  
Theoretical Paper

JISIB continues to publish Case Studies. In addition we also publish in this issue Patents Analyses. Patent analyses can be read both as examples of how to perform such analyses, but may also find interest within specific industries. Professor Henri Dou, who is a founding father of this journal, was one of the pioneers in this area, also with the development of patent analyses software. We have also included a conceptual and theoretical paper. All of the contributions in this issue show that scientific work does not have to be limited to more narrowly defined empirical studies.The second paper by Salavdor et al. is dedicated to Associate Professor Jonas Rundquist, a colleague at Halmstad University and at the same time a great admirer of the Spanish speaking Americas, who passed away in December 2014. He will be greatly missed.The first article by Salvador and Léon is a patent analysis of the industry for hybrid vehicules. The paper shows that the company with the highest patent activity also has a strong focus on collaborative technology development. The analysis further shows that research on parallel hybrid vehicle predominate, followed by series-hybrid and series-parallel hybrid type. The findings support the strategic decision process for organizations, companies, institutes and other stakeholders involved in this sector. The analysis and procedure presented can be used for analyses in other industries.The second paper by Salador et al. is also a patent analysis, but this time for the Additive Manufacturing industry. Unlike the first paper this one identifies a number of trends through a keyword patent analysis. “The main areas of research are focused on shaping of plastics and after-treatment of shaped products and working metallic powder and manufacture articles from this material”. The leading countries on additive manufacturing research are United States, Great Britain and Switzerland.The third article by Vriens and Solberg Søilen is an attempt to show the implication of disruptive innovation on Intelligence Studies. It is a theoretical paper. Through a broad discussion of disruptive innovation theory the authors arrive at what they coin”Disruptive Intelligence”. In addition they describe ‘biases’ which may impair the production of ‘disruptive intelligence’.The Fourth article is a case study written by Calof. It is about how the National Research Council’s Technical Intelligence Unit work with intelligence. The study shows that intelligence users understood and could appreciate a combination of hard and soft intelligence type measures. A survey in the form of an intelligence evaluation instrument was developed to gather data for the paper.The last article by Avner is a case study about CI in the Israeli defense industry. It confirms previous assumption that the industry in general and especially in Israel is using CI intensively to support the decision making process.As always we would first of all like to thank the authors for their contributions to this issue of JISIB.On behalf of the Editorial Board,Sincerely Yours,Prof. Dr. Klaus Solberg SøilenEditor-in-chief

scholarly journals IoT and Machine learning for in-situ process control using Laser Based Additive Manufacturing (LBAM) case study

Procedia CIRP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 1813-1818
Author(s):  
David Miller ◽  
Boyang Song ◽  
Michael Farnsworth ◽  
Divya Tiwari ◽  
Felicity Freeman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Process Control

scholarly journals In Situ Observations on the Crack Morphology in the Ancient Timber Beams

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 439
Author(s):  
Nicola Ruggieri
Keyword(s):  
Essential Element ◽  
Sustainable Operation ◽  
Crack Morphology ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Type Of Failure ◽  
Timber Beams

The conservation of ancient structures is, in the construction panorama, a highly eco-sustainable operation. In fact, it provides for a very limited consumption of resources. This article provides an in-depth analysis of ancient wooden material, an essential element for drawing up correct conservation interventions. Ancient timber beams have a peculiar morphology of failure dependent on many factors, among which are the species of wood, the quality of the material-knots, presence of fissures caused by shrinkage (checks), direction of the grain, and environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity. In addition, it is linked to load conditions and static configuration. This paper presents a case study of failed ancient timber members still in place and describes the type of failure as well as the origin and propagation of the cracks. The objective is to provide a classification of the causes and of the effects and their evolution, useful to practitioners and to those who have to make decisions on the timber structures conservation.

scholarly journals Preventive maintenance features specific to offset printing machines

2021 ◽  
Vol 343 ◽  
pp. 08012
Author(s):  
Emilia Bălan ◽  
Liviu Berculescu ◽  
Răzvan-George Răcheru ◽  
Dorin Vasile Piţigoi ◽  
Lucia Adăscăliţa
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Maintenance ◽  
Offset Printing ◽  
Printing Process ◽  
Machine Performance ◽  
Continuous Quality ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Maintenance Activities ◽  
Printing Processes

In the printing industry, where production never stops, it is very important to continuously maintain machine performance. If a machine breaks down, the production will stop and it will disturb the production process. Therefore, the maintenance system must be managed efficiently to solve those problems. The paper presents the study results on continuous quality improvement of offset printing using preventive maintenance features. Offset printing is a process that involves a multitude of variables, independent and interdependent factors. The offset printing process was analyzed and the factors that have a significant influence on the quality of the process and the products made were identified. The defects that may occur during the printing process and the causes thereof have also been identified and the types of non-conformities of the end products were estabilished. The experimental method was used. The case study was conducted on Manroland 508. For the planning of preventive maintenance activities, the duration of the maintenance works necessary to ensure the proper functioning of the offset printing machines was established. Finally, maintenance activities that would guarantee and continuously improve the quality of the printing processes and the printed products were issued.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document