Spatial Identification and Redevelopment Evaluation of Brownfields in the Perspective of Urban Complex Ecosystems: A Case of Wuhu City, China

Rapid industrialization and urbanization in China have led to a rapid increase in the number of brownfields, however there is a lack of identification of the spatial extent of brownfields in cities and accurate assessment of brownfield redevelopment. Based on the relationship between brownfields and urban complex ecosystems, this paper defines brownfields in China and constructs a comprehensive evaluation index system including socio-economic and ecological subsystems. Using Wuhu City as empirical evidence, 19 brownfields were identified using remote sensing data and field surveys. Based on the detection of soil contaminants in brownfields, a fuzzy integrated evaluation method was used to suggest their redevelopment direction. It is found that the government’s planned land use types and the brownfield redevelopment evaluation results match to a large extent, but social, economic and ecological environmental factors should be more fully considered. At the same time, the identification and redevelopment of brownfield sites in the city as a whole need to be carried out by the government’s professional forces in order to obtain more effective and scientific conclusions.

AERODYNAMIC OPTIMISATION OF DEVELOPED LAND SUSTAINABLE TOWER ISLAND

Economic and usable benefits from the proper land development may be programmed as early as at the stage of designing by forming structures that are both economic and comfortable, which is in accordance with assumptions of architechnology. This work presents the method of calculating particular aerodynamic parameters of the urban complex Sustainable Tower Island in KobylnicaLigowiec. The article analyses the wind speed and its pressure on walls of buildings depending on the height above ground level. Knowing these parameters allows optimisation of the location of devices collecting energy from renewable energy sources.

Train here, drive there: ROS based end-to-end autonomous-driving pipeline validation in CARLA simulator using the NHTSA typology

Urban complex scenarios are the most challenging situations in the field of Autonomous Driving (AD). In that sense, an AD pipeline should be tested in countless environments and scenarios, escalating the cost and development time exponentially with a physical approach. In this paper we present a validation of our fully-autonomous driving architecture using the NHTSA (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration) protocol in the CARLA simulator, focusing on the analysis of our decision-making module, based on Hierarchical Interpreted Binary Petri Nets (HIBPN). First, the paper states the importance of using hyper-realistic simulators, as a preliminary help to real test, as well as an appropriate design of the traffic scenarios as the two current keys to build safe and robust AD technology. Second, our pipeline is introduced, which exploits the concepts of standard communication in robotics using the Robot Operating System (ROS) and the Docker approach to provide the system with isolation, flexibility and portability, describing the main modules and approaches to perform the navigation. Third, the CARLA simulator is described, outlining the steps carried out to merge our architecture with the simulator and the advantages to create ad-hoc driving scenarios for use cases validation instead of just modular evaluation. Finally, the architecture is validated using some challenging driving scenarios such as Pedestrian Crossing, Stop, Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) and Unexpected Pedestrian. Some qualitative (video files: Simulation Use Cases) and quantitative (linear velocity and trajectory splitted in the corresponding HIBPN states) results are presented for each use case, as well as an analysis of the temporal graphs associated to the Vulnerable Road Users (VRU) cases, validating our architecture in simulation as a preliminary stage before implementing it in our real autonomous electric car.

Urbanization in the Middle Niger of Mali

When the tell site of Jenne-jeno was brought to light in the vast floodplain of the southern Middle Niger of Mali, archaeologists had to question certain expectations about just what constitutes an ancient city. The city was certainly too early (3rd century bce rather than the expected late first millennium ce) and Jenne-jeno did not conform to the standard city form (a mosaic of satellites rather than the expected agglomeration). But it was the persistent lack of evidence of a centralized ruler, social strata of elites, and of the hierarchical decision-making mechanisms of the state that set this urban landscape so at odds with then prevalent urban theory. The seventy apparently contemporaneous hamlets and specialists’ occupation mounds surrounding Jenne-jeno form the Jenne-jeno Urban Complex. It is a classic example of African originality in evolving urban landscapes. In place of the top-down, often despotic state control as the organizing principle of the city, here there is a classic city without citadel—and thus heterarchy (authority and power relations arrayed horizontally) instead of a social and political hierarchy at the heart of the city can be posited. The search for the pre-Jenne-jeno antecedents has taken a newer generation of archaeologists to look at “pre-urban” landscapes in other, now-dry parts of the Middle Niger deep in the northern. Sahel and Sahara. Back to the second millennium bce, the single site can be found to be the exception; clustering had roots deep in time.

Improving Utilization Efficiency and Drivers’ Degree of Satisfaction in Urban Complex Parking Lot through Modelling the Dynamic Allocation of Parking Spaces

There are significant differences in the utilization efficiency of parking spaces in different spatial locations within the complex parking lots, which reduces the utilization efficiency of parking resources. For the above problem, a parking spaces supply demand characteristics indexes system was constructed. The Metro City complex was taken as an example, and its parking demand utilization characteristics were analyzed to judge the problem of parking spaces utilization. On this basis, a model of the dynamic allocation of parking spaces for parking spaces was constructed to improve drivers’ degree of degree of satisfaction and balance the occupancy rates for parking spaces in different zones. The simulation results show that after the implementation of the dynamic allocation of parking spaces, the differences of the parking spaces’ demand characteristic indexes between two different parking zones are significantly reduced. It was specifically observed that the differences between parking zones A and B in terms of turnover number, total parking time and average parking time were reduced from 2.24 times to 0.03 times, 1.3 h to 0.6 h and 2.2 h to 0.1 h, respectively, and the average interval time of parking spaces became smaller and more evenly distributed. It can be seen that this model can improve the overall utilization efficiency of the complex parking lot and drivers’ degrees of satisfaction.

THE CONURBATION OF THE CENTER-EAST OF MONASTIR BETWEEN INDIVIDUALITY AND FUNCTIONAL COMPLEMENTARITY

The towns of central-eastern of Monastir have over time been able to form an urban complex, which is referred to as conurbation. The study shows that this form of urban growth is not simply due to the coalescence of urban fabrics, favored by the short distances that separate these cities. It is also the result of the complementarity already established between these centers, although they are originally individualized. The study of spatial structures shows that these cities have remained individualized and their respective structures are well characterized. They do not appear in a uniform mass; they each have a more or less complex structure comprising residential areas, various facilities, an industrial area, etc. Moreover, these agglomerations today have very strong links of interdependence and constitute a veritable urban complex where functional complementarities clearly appear; each city makes its contribution to the functioning of the whole system and it happens that some stand out in one sector or another.

On the complexity of assimilation in urban communities

Cities are microcosms representing a diversity of human experience. The complexity of urban systems arises from this diversity, where the services that cities offer to their inhabitants have to be tailored for their unique requirements. This paper studies the complexity of urban environments in terms of the assimilation of its communities. We examine the urban assimilation complexity with respect to the foreignness between communities and formalize the level of complexity using information-theoretic measures. Our findings contribute to a sociological perspective of the relationship between urban complex systems and the diversity of communities that make up urban systems.