Psychophysiology, cognition, and political differences

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan Mansell ◽  
Allison Harell ◽  
Elisabeth Gidengil ◽  
Patrick A. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Common Theme ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
The Future ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Political Differences ◽  
Science Framework

AbstractWe introduce the Politics and the Life Sciences special issue on Psychophysiology, Cognition, and Political Differences. This issue represents the second special issue funded by the Association for Politics and the Life Sciences that adheres to the Open Science Framework for registered reports (RR). Here pre-analysis plans (PAPs) are peer-reviewed and given in-principle acceptance (IPA) prior to data being collected and/or analyzed, and are published contingent upon the preregistration of the study being followed as proposed. Bound by a common theme of the importance of incorporating psychophysiological perspectives into the study of politics, broadly defined, the articles in this special issue feature a unique set of research questions and methodologies. In the following, we summarize the findings, discuss the innovations produced by this research, and highlight the importance of open science for the future of political science research.

Jack L. Walker, “The Diffusion of Innovations among the American States”

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Levi-Faur
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovations ◽  
Diffusion Study ◽  
American States ◽  
The Future ◽  
Research Questions

This chapter focuses on Jack L. Walker’s 1969 paper “The Diffusion of Innovations among the American States,” which analyzes the phenomenon of diffusion as well as interdependent decision-making in a collective setting. The chapter summarizes Walker’s arguments and the reception of his work in, and its influence on, the field of political science. It then considers the research questions posed, such as why some states act as pioneers by adopting new programs more readily than others, and whether there are more or less stable patterns of diffusion of innovations. It also revisits Walker’s debate with Virginia Gray with regards to the latter’s seminal study “Innovation in the States: A Diffusion Study.” The chapter offers some suggestions on the future progress of diffusion scholarship and its potential to redefine our understanding of politics and policy.

scholarly journals The Future of Sociology Depends on Open Science

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nate Breznau
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Open Science ◽  
The Public ◽  
Science Practices ◽  
The Future ◽  
Current Practices

Reliability, transparency and ethical crises pushed psychology to reorganize as a discipline over the last decade. Political science also shows signs of reworking itself in response to these crises. Sociology sits on the sidelines. There have not been the same reliability or ethical scandals, at least not in the limelight, nor has there been strong disciplinary moves toward open science. This paper therefore investigates sociology as a discipline looking at current practices, definitions of sociology, positions of sociological associations and a brief consideration of the arguments of three highly influential sociologists: Weber, Merton and Habermas. Based on this disciplinary review, I suggest that sociology is no different from its neighboring disciplines in terms of reliability or ethical dilemmas. Therefore, sociology should adopt open science practices immediately. Weber, Merton and Habermas – three very different social thinkers epistemologically – offer strong arguments that favor what we know as “open science” today. Open science promotes ethics and reliability, reduces fraud and ultimately increases the value of sociology for policymakers and the public. The paper concludes with some basic steps individual researchers can take to move sociology toward open science.

scholarly journals Enhancing scientific credibility: An open science strategy for the South African Journal of Industrial Psychology

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Llewellyn E. Van Zyl
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Industrial Psychology ◽  
South African Journal ◽  
The South ◽  
Science Practices ◽  
General Overview ◽  
The Future ◽  
African Journal

Orientation: The purpose of this editorial was to provide an introduction and a general overview of the special issue on Open Science Practices: A Vision for the Future of SAJIP, as hosted in the 45th edition of the South African Journal of Industrial Psychology (SAJIP). Specifically, the aim was to provide a viable, practical and implementable strategy for enhancing the scientific credibility, transparency and international stature of SAJIP.

scholarly journals Observational Open Science: An Application to the Literature on Irrelevant Events and Voting Behavior

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew H. Graham ◽  
Gregory A Huber ◽  
neil malhotra ◽  
Cecilia Hyunjung Mo
Keyword(s):  
Voting Behavior ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Independent Data ◽  
Original Time Series ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Specification Search ◽  
Science Framework ◽  
Original Time

Replication and transparency are increasingly important in bolstering the credibility of political science research, yet open science tools are typically designed for experiments. For observational studies, current replication practice suffers from an important pathology: just as researchers can often "p-hack" their way to initial findings, it is often possible to "null hack" findings away through specification and case search. We propose an observational open science framework that consists of extending the original time series, independent data collection, pre-registration, multiple simultaneous replications, and collaborators with mixed incentives. We apply the approach to three studies on "irrelevant" events and voting behavior. Each study replicates well in some areas and poorly in others. Had we sought to debunk any of the three with ex post specification search, we could have done so. However, our approach required us to see the full, complicated picture. We conclude with suggestions for future refinements to our approach.

scholarly journals Queering Outer Space

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Oman-Reagan
Keyword(s):  
Queer Theory ◽  
Space Exploration ◽  
Outer Space ◽  
Open Science ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Science Framework ◽  
The Military ◽  
Human Exploration

How can queer and other minority or marginalized people stake a claim in human futures in space? This paper reflects on the challenges, opportunities, scenarios, and interventions involved as we try to queer the increasingly corporate and military human exploration of and engagement with outer space. I suggest that we must go further than academically interrogating the military and corporate narratives of space “exploration” and “colonization.” We must also water, fertilize, and tend the seeds of alternative visions of possible futures in space, not only seeking solutions to earthly problems of the moment, but actively queering outer space and challenging the future to be even more queer.Keywords: Queer Theory, Space, Anthropology, Colonialism, Mars, SETIPlease Cite as:Oman-Reagan, Michael P. 2015. “Queering Outer Space.” SocArXiv, Open Science Framework. Manuscript, submitted January 22, 2017. osf.io/preprints/socarxiv/mpyk6/

scholarly journals Human Networks and Data Science (NSF 19-608): Uncovering the "dark matter" of research

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian A. Nosek ◽  
Stasa Milojevic ◽  
Valentin Pentchev ◽  
Xiaoran Yan ◽  
David M Litherland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Science ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Heterogeneous Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Heterogeneous Data Source ◽  
Science Of Science ◽  
Science Framework ◽  
Additional Support ◽  
Human Networks

With funding from the National Science Foundation, the Center for Open Science (COS) and Indiana University will create a dynamic, distributed, and heterogeneous data source for the advancement of science of science research. This will be achieved by using, enhancing, and combining the capabilities of the Open Science Framework (OSF) and the Collaborative Archive & Data Research Environment (CADRE). With over 200,000 users (currently growing by >220 per day), many thousands of projects, registrations, and papers, millions of files stored and managed, and rich metadata tracking researcher actions, the OSF is already a very rich dataset for investigating the research lifecycle, researcher behaviors, and how those behaviors evolve in the social network. As a cross-university effort, CADRE provides an integrated data mining and collaborative environment for big bibliographic data sets. While still under development, the CADRE platform has already attracted long-term financial commitments from 10 research intensive universities with additional support from multiple infrastructure and industry partners. Connecting these efforts will catalyze transformative research of human networks in the science of science.

scholarly journals Integrating Qualitative Methods and Open Science: Five Principles for More Trustworthy Research*

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Humphreys ◽  
Neil A Lewis ◽  
Katherine Sender ◽  
Andrea Stevenson Won
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Ways Of Knowing ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Communication Research ◽  
Competing Values ◽  
Open Communication ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Science Framework ◽  
Equity And Inclusion

Abstract Recent initiatives toward open science in communication have prompted vigorous debate. In this article, we draw on qualitative and interpretive research methods to expand the key priorities that the open science framework addresses, namely producing trustworthy and quality research. This article contributes to communication research by integrating qualitative methodological literature with open communication science research to identify five broader commitments for all communication research: validity, transparency, ethics, reflexivity, and collaboration. We identify key opportunities where qualitative and quantitative communication scholars can leverage the momentum of open science to critically reflect on and improve our knowledge production processes. We also examine competing values that incentivize dubious practices in communication research, and discuss several metascience initiatives to enhance diversity, equity, and inclusion in our field and value multiple ways of knowing.

scholarly journals Preprints: Their Evolving Role in Science Communication

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iratxe Puebla ◽  
Jessica Polka ◽  
Oya Rieger
Keyword(s):  
Science Communication ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Research Assessment ◽  
Future Evolution ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
The Future ◽  
Dissemination Of Research ◽  
The 1960S

The use of preprints for the dissemination of research in some life sciences branches has increased substantially over the last few years. In this document, we discuss preprint publishing and use in the life sciences, from initial experiments back in the 1960s to the current landscape. We explore the perspectives, advantages and perceived concerns that different stakeholders associate with preprints, and where preprints stand in the context of research assessment frameworks. We also discuss the role of preprints in the publishing ecosystem and within open science more broadly, before outlining some remaining open questions and considerations for the future evolution of preprints.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document