Dating the Dead: a High-Resolution Radiocarbon Chronology of Burial Within an Early Bronze Age Barrow Cemetery at Over, Cambridgeshire

2014 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 207-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duncan Garrow ◽  
John Meadows ◽  
Christopher Evans ◽  
Jonathan Tabor
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Bayesian Modelling ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Burial Practice ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Radiocarbon Chronology ◽  
A Site

This paper outlines the results of a programme of radiocarbon dating and Bayesian modelling relating to an Early Bronze Age barrow cemetery at Over, Cambridgeshire. In total, 43 dates were obtained, enabling the first high-resolution independent chronology (relating to both burial and architectural events) to be constructed for a site of this kind. The results suggest that the three main turf-mound barrows were probably constructed and used successively rather than simultaneously, that the shift from inhumation to cremation seen on the site was not a straightforward progression, and that the four main ‘types’ of cremation burial in evidence were used throughout the life of the site. Overall, variability in terms of burial practice appears to have been a key feature of the site. The paper also considers the light that the fine-grained chronology developed can shed on recent much wider discussions of memory and time within Early Bronze Age barrows

scholarly journals TELL YUNATSITE IN THE SYSTEMOF BALKAN RADIOCARBON CHRONOLOGY

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Т.Н. Мишина ◽  
В.И. Балабина
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Stratigraphic Sequence ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Radiocarbon Chronology ◽  
Testing Range

Многослойные поселения (телли) с длинной стратиграфической последовательностью культурных отложений при наличии четкой стратиграфии издавна являлись хорошим полигоном для построения относительных периодизаций. Для Болгарии известна карановская колонка , созданная по материалам телля Караново и служившая основой периодизации целого ряда эпох от раннего неолита до эпохи ранней бронзы. С появлением радиоуглеродного датирования, возрастанием точности метода и постепенным увеличением количества дат 14С на отдельно взятом многослойном памятнике значение теллей стало первостепенным уже для абсолютной хронологии. Multi-layer settlements (tells) with a long stratigraphic sequence of occupational deposits and a clear-cut stratigraphy became a good testing range for developing relative periodization. For example, in Bulgaria the so called Karanovo stratigraphic column constructed based on the Tell Karanovo materials was used for periodization and cultural attribution of a large number of periods from the Early Neolithic to the Early Bronze Age. With the advent of radiocarbon dating, higher precision of the method and a gradual increase in the number of 14C dates from separate multi-layer sites, values for tells are now of paramount importance for absolute chronology as well.

scholarly journals Igranie z ogniem – rytuały pogrzebowe kultury strzyżowskiej na przykładzie wybranych pochowków z cmentarzyska w Rogalinie

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 63-83
Author(s):  
Anna Hyrchała
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Supine Position ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Funeral Rites ◽  
Burial Rites ◽  
The Dead

The text presents newly discovered graves of Strzyżów culture from the Early Bronze Age, located at a cemetery in Rogalin, Poland. The funeral rites of Strzyżów culture are multifaceted. Most of the dead were placed in graves in supine position, equipped with vessels, tools, and ornaments – and then buried. This text, however, discusses burial rites involving the use of fire both in open burial pits and after burial, as well as subsequent practices of opening and disturbing graves. Analysis was supplemented by results of radiocarbon dating.

scholarly journals Towards an AMS Radiocarbon Chronology of Predynastic Egyptian Ceramics

Radiocarbon ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 1255-1277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen H Savage
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Large Degree ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Early Analysis ◽  
Dating Method ◽  
Radiocarbon Chronology ◽  
Almost All ◽  
First Time

The wide and varied connections between Israel and Egypt during the Early Bronze Age/Predynastic are frequently calibrated through ceramics that depend to a large degree on two seriation methods developed for Predynastic Egypt. Petrie's seriation technique and Kaiser's Stufe dating method utilize whole forms from mortuary contexts. Because of the ways they were developed and deployed in Predynastic research, a logical tautology exists that makes their usage highly problematic. Radiocarbon dating of the Predynastic is vital if we are to untangle existing ceramic chronologies. But up to now, almost all 14C dates have come from domestic contexts where whole vessels are not usually found and which differ significantly from cemeteries in their ceramic assemblages. A 14C-based chronology of whole forms in the Petrie Corpus is thus highly desirable, but has proven elusive until now. Samples of organic materials and Black-Topped Red Ware vessels from over 100 graves in the Predynastic Cemetery, N7000, at Naga-ed-Dêr have recently been submitted for dating with AMS methods, providing the first comprehensive 14C chronology of a Predynastic cemetery. The results are compared to a suite of recalibrated dates from Upper Egyptian Predynastic domestic contexts, which allows the 14C chronology for the region to be further refined. Absolute date ranges for a number of ceramic forms can be estimated for the first time, and results of early analysis are discussed.

Funerary practices and kinship in an Early Bronze Age society: a Bayesian approach applied to the radiocarbon dating of Argaric double tombs

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 4626-4634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicente Lull ◽  
Rafael Micó ◽  
Cristina Rihuete-Herrada ◽  
Roberto Risch
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Bayesian Approach ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Funerary Practices

The living and the dead in northern Scotland 3500–2000 BC

Antiquity ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 74 (286) ◽  
pp. 786-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Phillips ◽  
Aaron Watson
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
The Dead

A fieldwalking project focused on the Neolithic/Early Bronze Age of northern Scotland investigates different regional traditions and changing relationships with ancestors.

Palestinian radiocarbon dating: a reply to James Mellaart

Antiquity ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 54 (210) ◽  
pp. 21-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Weinstein
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Near East ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
As If

James Mellaart’s attempt to demonstrate a ‘high’ chronology for Egypt and the Near East for the period of c. 4000-1500 BC will undoubtedly stimulate much discussion among historians and archaeologists. He has forcefully pointed out various problems which have arisen in trying to reconcile the standard historical chronologies established between and within individual countries. It is probably true that some scholars have treated the so-called ‘middle’ chronology as if it was almost sacred, and certainly some individuals have ignored radiocarbon dates (especially calibrated dates) if they appeared to be in conflict with results obtained from traditional historical and archaeological sources. But neither these faults, nor others pointed out by the author, justify his own methods of trying to demolish the middle chronology in favour of a significantly higher one. Since elsewhere in this issue Barry Kemp is presenting a critical review of Mellaart’s Egyptian historical data, and has included some remarks on the Egyptian radiocarbon dates, I will restrict my own remarks here largely to the Palestinian radiocarbon materials, and will only comment on the Egyptian C14 dates as they pertain to Palestinian Early Bronze Age chronology.

scholarly journals Assembling the Dead, Gathering the Living: Radiocarbon Dating and Bayesian Modelling for Copper Age Valencina de la Concepción (Seville, Spain)

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo García Sanjuán ◽  
Juan Manuel Vargas Jiménez ◽  
Luis Miguel Cáceres Puro ◽  
Manuel Eleazar Costa Caramé ◽  
Marta Díaz-Guardamino Uribe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Copper Age ◽  
Bayesian Modelling ◽  
The Dead

scholarly journals Radiocarbon Dating of the Neolithic Early Bronze Age Site of Mandalo, W Macedonia

Radiocarbon ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yannis Maniatis ◽  
Bernd Kromer
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Late Neolithic ◽  
Physical Sciences ◽  
Laboratory Procedures ◽  
Study Laboratory

The following list of dates was obtained in a joint German-Greek project to establish a radiocarbon dating laboratory in the National Research Centre for Physical Sciences “Demokritos,” Athens, Greece.1 Although our initial aim in selecting these samples was to study laboratory procedures, we found that when the dates were arranged in stratigraphic order they provided a chronological framework for Thessalian and northern Macedonian site of the Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Ages (Kotsakis et al 1989; Papanthimou & Papasteriou 1987a).

Daggers in the West: Early Bronze Age Daggers and Knives in the South-west Peninsula

2013 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 165-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy M. Jones ◽  
Henrietta Quinnell
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Copper Alloy ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Human Remains ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
The South ◽  
The West ◽  
South West ◽  
South West England

This paper describes the results from a project to date Early Bronze Age daggers and knives from barrows in south-west England. Copper alloy daggers are found in the earliest Beaker associated graves and continue to accompany human remains until the end of the Early Bronze Age. They have been identified as key markers of Early Bronze Age graves since the earliest antiquarian excavations and typological sequences have been suggested to provide dating for the graves in which they are found. However, comparatively few southern British daggers are associated with radiocarbon determinations. To help address this problem, five sites in south-west England sites were identified which had daggers and knives, four of copper alloy and one of flint, and associated cremated bone for radiocarbon dating. Three sites were identified in Cornwall (Fore Down, Rosecliston, Pelynt) and two in Devon (Upton Pyne and Huntshaw). Ten samples from these sites were submitted for radiocarbon dating. All but one (Upton Pyne) are associated with two or more dates. The resulting radiocarbon determinations revealed that daggers/knives were occasionally deposited in barrow-associated contexts in the south-west from c. 1900 to 1500 calbc.The dagger at Huntshaw, Devon, was of Camerton-Snowshill type and the dates were earlier than those generally proposed but similar to that obtained from cremated bone found with another dagger of this type from Cowleaze in Dorset: these dates may necessitate reconsideration of the chronology of these daggers

Part I. Neolithic Mycenae

1957 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 195-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. B. Wace
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
The South ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Fabric Hand ◽  
A Site

Stamatakes's excavations in the Grave Circle area revealed, although it was not recognized until much later, that Mycenae had been inhabited in the Early Bronze Age, the Early Helladic Period. This was confirmed by subsequent researches which produced Early Helladic material from the foot of the Ramp, outside the Grave Circle, beneath the South House and below the Palace. Now the recent work of Dr. Papademetriou and ourselves has yielded fresh evidence. He has found more E.H. material in Schliemann's Grave Circle and some possible Neolithic sherds as well. In the area of the Prehistoric Cemetery outside the Cyclopean walls to the north-west of the Lion Gate we have found in a mixed unstratified layer at the eastern foot of the mound or tumulus which covered the dome of the ‘Tomb of Aegisthus’ many fragments of E.H. pottery, both decorated and plain. Since the plain E.H. ware found is of a simple, thickish fabric hand-polished and usually of a dull red or of a mud colour, we had at times wondered whether some of these fragments might not almost be classed as Neolithic. This was especially so in the case of some of the fragments from the lowest strata at the foot of the Ramp. Unfortunately these fragments were lost during the war in the Nauplia Museum and cannot now be checked.The discovery of Neolithic B pottery at the Argive Heraeum, and still more recently Dr. Caskey's most successful excavations at Lerna, encouraged us in the idea that a site like Mycenae was probably inhabited in Neolithic times also. Since the Early Helladic material is not stratified, except in areas like the foot of the Ramp or below the South House, it was hardly to be expected that Neolithic remains, if found, would be stratified. It is always possible, however, that some part of the site, not yet explored, may have escaped later disturbance or overbuilding. We have therefore now paid particular attention to the unstratified debris found above the Prehistoric Cemetery at the eastern foot of the Aegisthus mound. Among this we have found two sherds which are in our opinion almost certainly Neolithic.

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