scholarly journals Eolian sedimentation in central European Auel dry maar from 60 to 13 ka

2021 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 4-12
Author(s):  
Florian Fuhrmann ◽  
Klemens Seelos ◽  
Frank Sirocko
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Sediment Record ◽  
Heinrich Events ◽  
Laminated Sediment ◽  
Heinrich Event ◽  
Rapid Temperature ◽  
General Transport ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

AbstractThe climate in central Europe during the last 60 ka is characterized by rapid temperature and moisture changes and strong cold periods (Heinrich events). All these variations are preserved in sediments of marine and also some terrestrial archives. Here we present a continuous, terrestrial sediment record with almost all Greenland stadials and Heinrich events between 60 and 13 ka visible from carbonate roundness of the Eifel Laminated Sediment Archive Dust Stack-20 and CaCO3 data for central Europe. The carbonate roundness data show almost all stadials between 60 and 13 ka. CaCO3 data show a general transport system change with the beginning of Heinrich event 3. Since there are no carbonates west of the Auel Maar, we conclude that the eolian-transported grains were not transported by westerly but easterly winds. These postulated easterly winds during the last glacial maximum are supported by similar findings of previous works.

scholarly journals The Last Glacial Maximum and Heinrich Event 1 in terms of climate and vegetation around the Alboran Sea: a preliminary model-data comparison

2005 ◽  
Vol 337 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 983-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masa Kageyama ◽  
Nathalie Combourieu Nebout ◽  
Pierre Sepulchre ◽  
Odile Peyron ◽  
Gerhard Krinner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Model Data ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Data Comparison ◽  
Heinrich Event ◽  
Preliminary Model ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Heinrich Event 1 ◽  
The Last Glacial

Northern Central Europe: glacial landforms prior to the Last Glacial Maximum

2022 ◽  
pp. 223-228
Author(s):  
Leszek Marks ◽  
Albertas Bitinas ◽  
Mirosław Błaszkiewicz ◽  
Andreas Börner ◽  
Rimante Guobyte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Glacial Landforms ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

Contrasting paleoceanographic conditions off Morocco during Heinrich events (1 and 2) and the Last Glacial Maximum

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (15-16) ◽  
pp. 1923-1939 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Penaud ◽  
F. Eynaud ◽  
J.L. Turon ◽  
D. Blamart ◽  
L. Rossignol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Heinrich Events ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

scholarly journals Last Glacial Maximum landscape and Epigravettian horse hunting strategy in Central Europe: The case of Stránská skála IV

2020 ◽  
pp. 59-70
Author(s):  
Jiří Svoboda ◽  
Soňa Boriová ◽  
György Lengyel ◽  
Petr Pokorný ◽  
Antonín Přichystal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Lithic Raw Materials ◽  
Preferential Location ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Hunting Strategy ◽  
The Last Glacial

With the end of MIS3, the unity of larger Gravettian settlements based predominantly on mammoth exploitation split into a mosaic of smaller Epigravettian sites with specific behaviors and economies. Based on C14 chronology, the site of Stránská skála IV (together with Grubgraben, Ságvár and Kašov), correlates with a brief warm period after the Last Glacial Maximum around 22 ka calBP. We detected two main accumulations of predominantly horse bones under a rock cliff suggesting that the site was not a regular settlement but rather a specialised hunting site. No features or hearths were recovered. Lithic raw materials were imported from long distances, and the horse hunting strategy profitted from the specific geographic qualitites of the site. Preferential location of Epigravettian sites in secluded valleys is a pattern generally recognized in Moravia and usually explained as a response to the harsh MIS2 climates.

The linkage of dust cycle dynamics and loess during the Last Glacial Maximum in Europe

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Ludwig ◽  
Erik J. Schaffernicht ◽  
Yaping Shao ◽  
Joaquim G. Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Accumulation Rates ◽  
Deposition Rates ◽  
Loess Deposits ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Mass Accumulation Rates ◽  
Mass Accumulation ◽  
The Last Glacial

<p>In this work, we present different aspects of the mineral dust cycle dynamics and the linkage to loess deposits during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) in Europe. To this aim, we simulate the LGM dust cycle at high resolution using a regional climate-dust model. The simulated dust deposition rates are found to be comparable with the mass accumulation rates of the loess deposits determined from Loess sites across Europe. In contrast to the present-day prevailing westerlies, easterly wind directions (36 %) and cyclonic regimes (22 %) were dominant circulation patterns over central Europe during the LGM. This supports the hypothesis that recurring east sector winds, dynamically linked with a high-pressure system over the Eurasian ice sheet (EIS), are an important component for the dust transport from the EIS margins towards the central Europe loess belt. Our simulations reveal the occurrence of highest dust emission rates in Europe during summer and autumn, with the highest emission rates located near the southernmost EIS margins corresponding to the present-day German-Polish border region. Coherent with the persistent easterlies, westwards running dust plumes resulted in high deposition rates in western Poland, northern Czechia, the Netherlands, the southern North Sea region and on the North German Plain including adjacent regions in central Germany. Further, a detailed analysis of the characteristics of LGM cyclones shows that they were associated with higher wind speeds and less precipitation than their present-day counterparts. These findings highlight the importance of rapid and cyclic depositions by cyclones for the LGM dust cycle. The agreement between the simulated deposition rates and the mass accumulation rates of the loess deposits corroborates the proposed LGM dust cycle hypothesis for Europe.</p>

scholarly journals Collapse of the endemic lizard Podarcis pityusensis on the island of Ibiza mediated by an invasive snake

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elba Montes ◽  
Fred Kraus ◽  
Brahim Chergui ◽  
Juan M Pleguezuelos
Keyword(s):  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Balearic Islands ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Threat Level ◽  
Conservation Actions ◽  
Olive Trees ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

Abstract The invasive snake Hemorrhois hippocrepis colonized the island of Ibiza (Balearic Islands) in 2003 as stowaways inside trunks of olive trees imported for gardening. It has quickly spread since 2010, posing a threat to the island’s only remaining endemic vertebrate, the Ibiza wall lizard Podarcis pityusensis. We map the yearly expansion rate of the snake and estimate via transect surveys how severely it affects the distribution and abundance of the endemic lizard. As well, we surveyed 9 of 30 small lizard populations on islets surrounding Ibiza that have been isolated since the Last Glacial Maximum. Snakes had invaded 49% of Ibiza’s land area by 2018, and censuses show a critical contrast in lizard abundance between areas with and without snakes; almost all censuses in areas without snakes show lizard presence whereas nearly all censuses in areas with H. hippocrepis lack lizard sightings. Moreover, at least one subspecies previously thriving on one of the offshore islets has become extinct, and there have been several snakes recorded swimming between Ibiza and the surrounding islets. Therefore, lizard populations have been dramatically reduced or have vanished within the range of the snake, and our results quantitatively support upgrading this species’ threat level for extinction. This study can inform to programs to manage invasive snake populations and to conservation actions to recover the endemic lizard.

scholarly journals Phylogeography of Arabidopsis halleri (Brassicaceae) in mountain regions of Central Europe inferred from cpDNA variation and ecological niche modelling

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawel Wasowicz ◽  
Maxime Pauwels ◽  
Andrzej Pasierbinski ◽  
Ewa M Przedpelska-Wasowicz ◽  
Alicja A. Babst-Kostecka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Ecological Niche Modelling ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Phylogeographic Structure ◽  
Niche Modelling ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

The present study aimed to investigate phylogeographical patterns present within A. halleri in Central Europe, to propose hypotheses explaining the emergence of these patterns and to formulate hypotheses on the formation of the present day range of A. halleri in the region. 1281 accessions sampled from 52 populations within the investigated area were used in the study of genetic variation based on chloroplast DNA. Over 500 high quality species occurrence records were used in ecological niche modelling experiments. We evidenced the presence of a clear phylogeographic structure within A. halleri in Central Europe. Our results suggest that the species might have not survived the last glacial maximum in the Carpathians and Sudetes and that its range during the last glacial maximum might have consisted of at least two major parts: (1) a northern refugium consisting of vast refugial areas north and northeast of the Alps and (2) a southern refugium located in the Dinaric Alps and Balkan Mts. We postulate that the Sudetes and Western Carpathians were colonised mainly by plants originating from the northern refugium, whereas populations from the Eastern Carpathians originate from southern refugium. We also discuss our results in relation to the problematic taxonomy of the species.

Revised 14C dating of ice wedge growth in interior Alaska (USA) to MIS 2 reveals cold paleoclimate and carbon recycling in ancient permafrost terrain

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew S. Lachniet ◽  
Daniel E. Lawson ◽  
Alison R. Sloat
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
14C Dating ◽  
Solar Insolation ◽  
Air Bubble ◽  
Interior Alaska ◽  
Heinrich Event ◽  
Carbon Recycling ◽  
Ice Wedge ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

AbstractEstablishing firm radiocarbon chronologies for Quaternary permafrost sequences remains a challenge because of the persistence of old carbon in younger deposits. To investigate carbon dynamics and establish ice wedge formation ages in Interior Alaska, we dated a late Pleistocene ice wedge, formerly assigned to Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3, and host sediments near Fairbanks, Alaska, with 24 radiocarbon analyses on wood, particulate organic carbon (POC), air-bubble CO2, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Our new CO2 and DOC ages are up to 11,170 yr younger than ice wedge POC ages, indicating that POC is detrital in origin. We conclude an ice wedge formation age between 28 and 22 cal ka BP during cold stadial conditions of MIS 2 and solar insolation minimum, possibly associated with Heinrich event 2 or the last glacial maximum. A DOC age for an ice lens in a thaw unconformity above the ice wedge returned a maximum age of 21,470 ± 200 cal yr BP. Our variable 14C data indicate recycling of older carbon in ancient permafrost terrain, resulting in radiocarbon ages significantly older than the period of ice-wedge activity. Release of ancient carbon with climatic warming will therefore affect the global 14C budget.

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