scholarly journals CULTURE, PERIOD OR STYLE? RECONSIDERATION OF EARLY AND MIDDLE COPPER AGE CHRONOLOGY OF THE GREAT HUNGARIAN PLAIN

Radiocarbon ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-62
Author(s):  
Zsuzsanna Siklósi ◽  
Márton Szilágyi
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Bayesian Modeling ◽  
Traditional Culture ◽  
Copper Age ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
Great Hungarian Plain ◽  
Ams Dating ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Hungarian Plain

ABSTRACT The main goal of our research project was to date the Early and Middle Copper Age (4500/4450–3800 cal BC) of the Great Hungarian Plain more precisely. In our project, we took samples for accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) dating from both settlement features and burials, and the data were analyzed using Bayesian modeling. We examined the Early and Middle Copper Age finds of the Great Hungarian Plain on several levels (site, microregional, and regional levels) using a bottom-up approach. The AMS measurements were supplemented by statistics-based pottery analysis in order to make our understanding of the relationship between the Tiszapolgár and Bodrogkeresztúr cultures more detailed. As a result, we can see a significant, 130 (68.2%) 230 years overlap between the two types of find assemblages, which contradicts to the earlier accepted chronological sequences created by the traditional culture-historical approach. According to the stylistic analyzes, the two ceramic styles are not clearly distinguishable.

scholarly journals Reliability of Bone Gelatin AMS Dating: Rattus Exulans and Marine Shell Radiocarbon Dates from Pauatahanui Midden Sites in Wellington, New Zealand

Radiocarbon ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Beavan Athfield ◽  
Bruce McFadgen ◽  
Rodger Sparks
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Beta Decay ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Austrovenus Stutchburyi ◽  
Ams Dating ◽  
Marine Shell

A suite of 6 bone gelatin accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dates for Rattus exulans Peale and associated beta decay 14C dates for Austrovenus stutchburyi shell are presented for 4 middens at Pauatahanui, Wellington, New Zealand. Mean calibrated age ranges of Rattus exulans (520–435 BP and 350–330 BP at 95% confidence level) and shell (465–375 BP at 95% confidence level) from the 4 midden sites overlap. The agreement between Rattus exulans bone gelatin dates and associated shell provides an inter-sample comparison of 14C dating using both gas counting (beta decay) and AMS dating techniques. We examine the adequacy of the standard gelatinization treatment for bone samples, which has been employed consistently at the laboratory since 1995.

scholarly journals Examination of Background Contamination Levels for Gas Counting and AMS Target Preparation in Trondheim

Radiocarbon ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steinar Gulliksen ◽  
Mette S. Thomsen
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Target Preparation ◽  
Very Old ◽  
Ams Dating ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
Lower Background

The Radiological Dating Laboratory in Trondheim relatively often dates samples with ages >30 ka BP. Contaminated background materials are known to affect the accuracy of very old dates. We have found, by measurements of different materials, that such contamination is small when using our conventional gas proportional counting (GPC) system. We have also studied contamination levels of our target preparation for 14C accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) dating in Uppsala. A significant lower background is obtained for Icelandic double spar than for marbles, probably due to a crystal structure of the double spar that is more insensitive to contaminating processes. The background for combusted samples is at the same level as for samples of double spar, indicating that additional 14C contamination due to combustion is negligible. Dates obtained on interstadial samples (T >30 ka bp) by both GPC and AMS agree well.

Accurate lifespan estimates cannot be obtained from 14C profiles in the crustose lichen Rhizocarpon geographicum (L.) DC.

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 539-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Bench ◽  
B.M. Clark ◽  
N.F. Mangelson ◽  
L. L. St. Clair ◽  
L. B. Rees ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Carbon Cycling ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Isotope Ratio ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Molecular Replacement ◽  
Crustose Lichen ◽  
Rhizocarpon Geographicum ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Isotope Ratio Measurements

AbstractRadial 14C/C profiles across three individuals of the crustose lichen Rhizocarpon geographicum (L.) DC. have been determined using accelerator mass spectrometry. These data were used to assess whether lifespan estimates can be determined in this species using 14C/C isotope ratio measurements. 14C/C profiles are relatively flat with Δ14C values (deviations from the modern radiocarbon standard) for the radial samples displaying a small spread ranging from 130 to 200 per mil. The data are consistent with carbon cycling based on growth patterns involving replacement and fusion of areoles within the thallus as well as or instead of cellular or molecular replacement. Consequently, lifespan estimates cannot be obtained from 14C/C measurements of this species and the Δ14C profiles provide no insights into whether the relationship between size and age is linear or curvilinear in this species.

scholarly journals Marine Turtle Bones from an Archaeological Site in Polynesia Yield Reliable Age Determinations

Radiocarbon ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
T S Dye
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Marine Turtle ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Marine Turtles ◽  
Ams Dating ◽  
Age Determinations

Accelerator mass spectrometry dating of three 50g samples of marine turtle bone from the basal cultural stratum of the Tongoleleka archaeological site, Lifuka Island, Kingdom of Tonga, South Pacific yields results that agree with conventional 14C dates on marine shell. A method for calibrating these dates that takes into account the long distance migrations of marine turtles in the South Pacific is proposed. A sample size greater than 50g is recommended for routine AMS dating of marine turtle bone.

The Copper Age Mound Necropolis in Salve, Lecce, Italy: Radiocarbon Dating Results on Charcoals, Bones, Cremated Bones, and Pottery

Radiocarbon ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 949-957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca Quarta ◽  
Ida Tiberi ◽  
Marco Rossi ◽  
Giorgia Aprile ◽  
Eugenia Braione ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Copper Age ◽  
Organic Residues ◽  
Ams Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Funeral Practices ◽  
Pottery Sherds

Archaeological surface surveys carried out near Salve in southern Italy led to the identification of about 90 stone mounds spread over an area of about 100 ha. Systematic archaeological investigations allowed to identify the mounds as funeral structures with some having megalithic features. In the necropolis, both the inhumation and cremation rituals are evident, in some cases within the same mound. This article presents the results of an accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dating campaign carried out on different kinds of samples recovered from several structures: unburned and cremated bones, charcoals, and organic residues extracted from pottery sherds. The results allowed to assess the chronology of the site and to shed new light on the different funeral practices in Copper Age southern Italy.

scholarly journals Problems in the Extension of the Radiocarbon Calibration Curve (10–13 kyr BP)

Radiocarbon ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Hajdas ◽  
Susan D. Ivy-Ochs ◽  
Georges Bonani
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Time Scales ◽  
Calibration Curve ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Varved Lake Sediments ◽  
Ams Dating ◽  
Varve Counting ◽  
Radiocarbon Calibration

Radiocarbon dating of varved lake sediments shows that, during the Late Glacial (10–12 kyr bp), the offset between the 14C and the absolute time scales was ca. 1 kyr. Varve counting and accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) dating were used to build absolute and 14C time scales of sediments from two lakes—Soppensee, Switzerland and Holzmaar, Germany. The resulting chronologies extend back to ca. 12.9 kyr cal bp (12.1 kyr bp) in the case of Soppensee and to ca. 13.8 kyr cal BP (12.6 kyr bp) in the Holzmaar record. They compare well with each other but differ significantly from the 14C-U/Th chronology of corals (Bard et al. 1993; Edwards et al. 1993).

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