scholarly journals WHEAT SEED (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) RADIOCARBON CONCENTRATION OVER THE LAST 75 YEARS

Radiocarbon ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
C Matthias Hüls ◽  
Andreas Börner ◽  
Christian Hamann
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Seed ◽  
Agricultural Plant ◽  
Fossil Carbon ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Bomb Radiocarbon ◽  
Clean Air ◽  
Spring Type ◽  
Wheat Tissue

ABSTRACT Here we report radiocarbon measurements made on wheat seed tissue (Triticum aestivum L.; winter or spring type growth habit), from the seed archive of the IPK Gatersleben, Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany, which was harvested between 1946 and 2020. The results give an overview of 75 years of radiocarbon concentration evolution in agricultural plant products. The wheat tissue radiocarbon concentrations follow known pre- and post-bomb radiocarbon records, such as the atmospheric Jungfraujoch, Schauinsland, and NH1 datasets. Based on a Northern Hemisphere growing period from April to July, the Gatersleben seed tissue radiocarbon concentration indicates incorporation of fossil carbon of about 1% with respect to the high alpine, clean-air CO2 of the Jungfraujoch station between 1987 and 2019. We propose to use the pre- and post-bomb radiocarbon record of Gatersleben wheat as a reference in forensic investigations, such as the age estimation of paper by analyzing starch used in paper manufacture. Additionally, an advantage of the record reported here lies in its extensibility by adding new analyses from future harvests.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF THE PERIOD OF FREE WEED TOWARD GROWTH AND YIELD OF WHEAT CROP (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotype 10

Agric ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Endi Irfani ◽  
Yohanes Hendro Agus
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Staple Food ◽  
Wheat Seed ◽  
Critical Periods

Wheat in Indonesia is the second staple food. Wheat seed are processed to become wheat flour.From wheat flour can be made noodle, bread and other foods. One factor that is affected wheatproductivity is competition between wheat and weeds. The aim of the research were to know theaffect of weeding times toward growth and yield of wheat of Genotype 10, and to know weedingperiods that were critical periods of free weed of Genotype 10 wheat. This research usedRandomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with eight treatments and five replications. Thetreatments tested were four periods of wheat crop without weeds and four periods of wheat cropwith weed. Research result data were analyzed by using analysis of variance (ANNOVA) andhonestly significant different (HSD) at 95% significant level. Research results showed that: (1)both periods with and without weeds affected number of tillers per clump, seed weight perpanicle, and (2) Seed weight per clump in period of weed controlled was highest significantlycompared with seed weight per clump in period with weed. It could be concluded that criticalweed- free periods of Genotype 10 of wheat were between 14 days until 42 days after sowing.

Seed vigor of Katepwa Wheat: Interaction of kernel water content and threshing cylinder speed

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 619-627
Author(s):  
Martin H. Entz ◽  
Jack Moes ◽  
Elmer H. Stobbe
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Wheat Plant ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Wheat Seed ◽  
Important Goal ◽  
Seed Damage ◽  
Field Emergence

An important goal in seed production is the maintenance of seed vigor. Breakage of wheat seed (Triticum aestivum L.) during threshing can be reduced by threshing at relatively high kernel water content (KWC) and low cylinder speed. The purpose of this study was to investigate the interacting effects of KWC and threshing cylinder speed on seed vigor and field emergence of Katepwa wheat. Wheat plants were harvested at approximately 250 g kg−1 (dry basis) KWC and allowed to dry for varying lengths of time, then were threshed at cylinder speeds of 450, 850, and 1250 rpm using a Vogel thresher. At threshing, KWC averaged 89, 121, 156 and 231 g kg−1. Significant KWC × cylinder speed interactions occurred for seed yield per plot and various seed vigor indicators. Threshing at 850 rpm gave the highest yield of uncracked seeds regardless of KWC. Threshing at 450 rpm was incomplete, especially at high KWC, while threshing at 1250 rpm caused high levels of external seed damage, especially at low KWC. Vigor of uncracked seed was measured by cold germination tests. Increasing cylinder speed reduced cold germination, especially at high KWC. The incidence of abnormal seedlings and leachate conductivity increased with cylinder speed but increased only slightly as KWC decreased. Field emergence decreased with increasing cylinder speed, but was not affected by KWC at threshing. The number of abnormal seedlings in cold germination tests and leachate conductivity were the best indicators of field emergence. Threshing cylinder speed had a greater influence than KWC on seed damage, vigor, and field emergence. The results of this study are of greatest direct interest to plant breeders who use Vogel threshers regularly. Key words: Seed quality, seed vigor, seed damage, threshing, wheat, plant breeding, Triticum aestivum L.

scholarly journals Influence of excilamp radiation on sowing indicators and disease of wheat seed

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-37
Author(s):  
Svetlana Anatolyevna Nuzhnykh ◽  
Eduard Anatolievich Sosnin ◽  
Tatyana Petrovna Astafurova ◽  
Andrei Sergeevich Babenko
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Seed ◽  
Tomsk Region ◽  
Seeds Germination ◽  
Wheat Seeds

The results of studying the influence of a relatively new subclass of gas ? discharge sources of ultraviolet (UV) radiation-excilamp (XeCl, XeBr, KrCl) on the sowing qualities of seeds (germination energy, laboratory germination, seed morbidity) of soft spring wheat are presented. The objects of research are wheat seeds (Triticum aestivum L.) of the Irena variety (harvest 2016–2018), infected with the most common diseases in the Tomsk region. The studies have shown that among the three fungal diseases of wheat seeds, penicillosis was the best suppress using excilamps. Treatment of a batch of wheat seeds infected with penicillosis, XeBr or KrCl excilamp with a dose of 43.2 j/cm2 gives a disinfecting effect. In addition, this preserves the seed germination rate, which is crucial for their further use for sowing purposes. The same disinfecting effect is observe when the seeds are exposed to excilamp in relation to alternariosis, but the indicators of seed germination are reduced. None of the options impact of the excilamp on wheat seeds infected with Helminthosporium, showed no significant reduction of the infestation while preserving the germination level of control.

ИЗОФЕРМЕНТНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ ЭСТЕРАЗ В ЗРЕЛЫХ СЕМЕНАХ ГЕКСАПЛОИДНОЙ МЯГКОЙ ПШЕНИЦЫ (Triticum aestivum L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-334
Author(s):  
А.С. РУДАКОВА ◽  
◽  
С.В. РУДАКОВ ◽  
Н.В. ДАВЫДОВА ◽  
Г.В. МИРСКАЯ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document